Myopic macular degeneration – that seems scary, right?
We can’t imagine living in a world with a blurry lens where everyday objects lose their sharpness and clarity. It, sadly, is the reality for people who suffer from myopia or nearsightedness, an elongation of the eyeball.
However, a more complex and potentially vision-threatening condition can develop due to myopia, which is myopic macular degeneration.
Let’s discuss this scary disease and how to recognize it. Moreover, we will discuss how to live with myopic macular degeneration and manage the condition.
What is Myopic Macular Degeneration?
Myopic macular degeneration, often abbreviated as MMD, is a condition that affects the macula, a small but crucial part of the retina located at the back of the eye.
The macula is responsible for central vision, which allows us to see fine details, read, drive, and recognize faces.
The macular deterioration leads to severe visual impairment and legal blindness.
What are the Causes of Myopic Macular Degeneration?
Myopic macular degeneration primarily occurs as a complication of myopia. In myopia, the eyeball becomes elongated, causing light to focus in front of the retina rather than directly on it.
Over time, this excessive stretching of the eye can damage the macula, leading to myopic macular degeneration.
Several factors can increase the risk of developing MMD, including:
- High Myopia: The greater the degree of myopia, the higher the risk of developing myopic macular degeneration. High myopia is typically defined as having a prescription of -6.00 diopters or greater.
- Genetics: Family history plays a role, as there is a genetic component to myopic macular degeneration. If close relatives have the condition, you may be more susceptible.
- Age: MMD can occur at any age. However, it is more common in individuals over 40.
What are the Symptoms of Myopic Macular Degeneration?
Recognizing the symptoms of myopic macular degeneration is crucial for early diagnosis and management.
Common symptoms include:
- Blurry or Distorted Central Vision: Central vision becomes progressively blurry, making it difficult to read, recognize faces, or see details.
- Dark or Empty Spots: You may notice dark or empty areas in your central vision, which can hinder daily activities.
- Decreased Color Perception: Colors may appear less vivid or washed out.
- Difficulty Seeing in Low Light: MMD can make it challenging to see in dimly lit environments.
- Visual Distortions: Straight lines may appear wavy or distorted, a phenomenon known as metamorphopsia.
How to Diagnose Myopic Macular Degeneration?
If you suspect you have MMD or experience any of the symptoms mentioned above, it’s essential to seek an eye examination from an ophthalmologist or optometrist.
They will perform a comprehensive eye exam, including:
- Visual Acuity Test: To measure your ability to see at various distances.
- Dilated Eye Exam: To examine the retina and macula for signs of degeneration.
- Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): This imaging test provides detailed cross-sectional images of the retina, helping to detect and monitor MMD.
How to Live with Myopic Macular Degeneration?
There is no known cure for myopic macular degeneration. However, several strategies and lifestyle changes can help you manage and preserve your remaining vision:
Regular Eye Exams
Schedule routine eye check-ups with your eye care professional to monitor the progression of MMD and adjust treatment plans accordingly.
Wear Corrective Lenses
Prescription glasses or contact lenses can help improve your vision and reduce eye strain.
Use Low Vision Aids
Devices like magnifiers and telescopic lenses can assist with reading and other tasks that require sharp vision.
Adaptive Technology
Explore adaptive technology such as screen readers, voice-activated devices, and smartphone apps designed for visually impaired individuals.
Well-Balanced Diet
A diet rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals can support eye health. Include foods like leafy greens, colorful fruits, and omega-3 fatty acids.
Protect Your Eyes
Wear sunglasses that block harmful UV rays outdoors to reduce the risk of further eye damage.
Don’t Smoke
If you smoke, quitting can significantly benefit your eye health, as smoking is a risk factor for MMD.
Manage Blood Pressure and Cholesterol
Keep your blood pressure and cholesterol levels in check, as high levels can exacerbate MMD.
Ophthalmologist Recommendation: Dr. Muhammad Saad Aziz is one of the eye specialists in Lahore with nine years of experience. You can consult him for any eye issue for an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment plan.
Care Tips for Myopic Macular Degeneration
In addition to the lifestyle changes mentioned above, some care tips can complement your efforts in managing MMD:
Eye Exercises
Engage in gentle eye exercises recommended by your eye care professional to strengthen eye muscles and improve focus.
Suggested Read: Easy Eye Exercises to Improve Eyesight Fast
Adequate Lighting
Ensure proper lighting in your home, especially in areas where you read or work, to reduce eye strain.
Magnifying Tools
Invest in magnifying tools for reading, such as magnifying glasses or electronic magnifiers with adjustable zoom levels.
Reduce Screen Time
Limit prolonged screen time and take regular breaks to rest your eyes, especially when using computers or smartphones.
Suggested Read: Take a Digital Detox for Your Phone Addiction Symptoms
Stay Active
Regular physical activity can improve blood circulation to the eyes and promote overall well-being.
When to Visit an Eye Specialist for MMD?
Here are some guidelines to help you determine when you should schedule an appointment with an eye specialist:
- Regular Eye Exams: Even if you don’t have any noticeable symptoms, it’s essential to have regular eye exams as part of your overall eye health care.
- Symptoms of MMD: If you experience symptoms associated with myopic macular degeneration, such as blurry or distorted central vision, dark or empty spots in your vision, decreased color perception, difficulty seeing in low light, or visual distortions.
- High Myopia: If you have been diagnosed with high myopia or if your doctor has informed you that you are at an increased risk of developing MMD due to the severity of your myopia.
- Changes in Vision: If you notice any sudden or significant changes in your vision, whether or not they are related to myopia or MMD, such as sudden vision loss, floaters, flashes of light, or any other unusual visual disturbances.
Your eye specialist can assess your eye health, discuss any risk factors, and determine the appropriate schedule for follow-up exams. If you don’t already have a doctor, consult a professional eye specialist via Healthwire.