Acyclovir (500mg) 10ml, 1 Vial Injection

Acyclovir 500mg injection works by specifically targeting and inhibiting the replication of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It is a synthetic nucleoside analogue that acts as a competitive substrate for viral DNA polymerase. Once inside the infected cells, acyclovir is converted into its active form, acyclovir triphosphate. This active form competitively inhibits viral DNA polymerase, thereby preventing the synthesis of viral DNA and halting the replication of the herpes virus. By selectively inhibiting viral replication without affecting normal cellular processes, acyclovir effectively controls the spread of the virus and helps manage the symptoms associated with herpes simplex and varicella-zoster infections.

Acyclovir 500mg

Antiviral (nucleoside analogue)

Injection

The following are the uses of Acyclovir 500mg injection:

• Used for treating severe herpes infections, especially in cases of herpes encephalitis and neonatal herpes.
• Used for suppressing and managing recurring herpes simplex infections in immunocompromised patients.
• Used for reducing the severity and frequency of genital herpes outbreaks.
• Used for managing initial and recurrent episodes of herpes zoster (shingles).
• Used for preventing and controlling herpes simplex infections in patients undergoing certain medical procedures.
• Used for managing herpes simplex infections in patients with HIV or AIDS, helping to reduce viral load.
• Used for treating severe mucocutaneous herpes infections that affect the mouth, face, and internal organs.
• Used for its antiviral properties to control viral replication and limit the spread of the herpes virus in the body.

In the case of an overdose of Acyclovir 500mg injection, prompt medical attention is required. Symptoms of an overdose may include severe nausea, vomiting, seizures, and kidney problems. If an overdose is suspected, seek emergency medical care and provide healthcare professionals with information about the dosage and timing of the injection. They will be able to provide the necessary treatment to manage the overdose and minimize potential complications. It is crucial to act quickly in such situations.

In the case of a missed dose of Acyclovir 500mg injection, it is important to take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to proceed, as they may need to adjust your dosage or provide additional instructions. It is best to establish a routine to help you remember to take your medication as prescribed.

To administer Acyclovir 500mg injection, prepare the medication by drawing the prescribed dose into a syringe, then locate a suitable injection site, typically the upper arm or thigh, and inject the medication subcutaneously or intramuscularly as directed by your healthcare professional.

Here are the conditions or situations when Acyclovir 500mg injection should not be used:

• Should not be administered to patients with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Acyclovir or other components of the injection.
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of severe kidney impairment or end-stage renal disease.
• Not recommended for individuals with a history of severe neurological disorders or those with compromised central nervous system (CNS) function.
• Avoid use in patients with a history of severe blood disorders or bone marrow suppression.
• Do not use in patients with a known deficiency of the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH).
• Contraindicated during breastfeeding, as Acyclovir may pass into breast milk and harm the nursing infant.
• Should not be used in patients with a history of severe skin reactions to Acyclovir or similar medications.
• Avoid in patients with a history of severe immune system disorders or those receiving immunosuppressive therapy.

The side effects of Acyclovir 500mg injection may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Headache
• Fatigue and weakness
• Localized pain or inflammation at the injection site
• Skin rash or itching
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Kidney problems (decreased kidney function)

Following are the precautions and warnings for Acyclovir 500mg injection:

• Should not be administered to individuals with a known hypersensitivity or allergy to Acyclovir or other components of the injection.
• Renal function should be closely monitored during treatment, especially in patients with pre-existing kidney issues. Adjustments in dosage or frequency may be necessary.
• Caution is advised in patients with impaired liver function, as Acyclovir is primarily eliminated by the liver. Regular monitoring is recommended.
• Elderly patients may be more susceptible to neurological side effects; dosage adjustments might be required.
• Dehydration should be avoided during treatment. Adequate fluid intake is essential.
• Not recommended for use during pregnancy unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
• Exercise caution when administering to breastfeeding women, as Acyclovir can pass into breast milk.

Following are the drug interactions for Acyclovir 500mg injection:

• Probenecid can increase acyclovir levels by reducing renal excretion, potentially leading to increased side effects.
• Combining with nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides, cyclosporine) may enhance kidney toxicity.
• Administration with other drugs that affect renal function may require dose adjustments.
• Acyclovir may decrease the effectiveness of mycophenolate mofetil, a drug used in organ transplantation.
• It can reduce the plasma levels of the antiepileptic drug phenytoin, requiring monitoring and dose adjustments.
• Concomitant use with other drugs that affect the central nervous system (e.g., sedatives, opioids) may enhance CNS depression.
• Care should be taken when using with other drugs that can cause bone marrow suppression, as it may increase this risk.

Following are the food interactions for Acyclovir 500mg injection:

• It is generally recommended to maintain adequate hydration, so ensure you're drinking enough fluids, especially water, to prevent dehydration.
• There is no specific food restriction, but a well-balanced diet is advised to support overall health.
• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it may increase the risk of liver-related side effects and interact with the medication's metabolism.
• Acyclovir can be taken with or without food; however, taking it with food may help reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects like nausea.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they can affect drug metabolism and potentially increase acyclovir levels in the body.
• Caffeinated beverages should be consumed in moderation as they may exacerbate side effects like nervousness and insomnia.
• If you have any specific dietary concerns or restrictions, consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.
• Always follow the dosage instructions provided by your doctor or pharmacist for the best treatment outcomes.

Acyclovir 500mg injection should be stored in a controlled environment, specifically at room temperature between 20-25°C (68-77°F). Protect the injection from light and moisture by keeping it in its original packaging, ensuring the container is tightly sealed. Avoid storing it in areas exposed to excessive heat or cold, such as near radiators or in the refrigerator. Always check the expiration date before use and never use the injection past its expiry. When disposing of unused or expired Acyclovir injection, do not pour it down the drain or flush it; instead, contact your pharmacist or healthcare provider for safe disposal instructions to minimize environmental impact. Keep this medication out of children's reach to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Acyclovir 500mg injection:

• Ensure the injection is administered by a trained healthcare professional.
• Verify the medication's identity and expiration date before use.
• Clean the injection site with an alcohol swab to prevent infection.
• Inject the medication as directed, usually at a 90-degree angle into the muscle.
• Do not reuse needles or syringes; dispose of them safely.
• Report any unusual pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site to your healthcare provider.
• Store the medication as directed, typically at room temperature away from light and moisture.