ALBUMIN 20% 100ML (CSL)

Albumin infusion works by replenishing and maintaining the intravascular volume in the body. Its mechanism of action primarily revolves around increasing plasma colloid osmotic pressure, which helps to draw and retain fluid within the vasculature. This process prevents fluid from leaking into the interstitial spaces, thereby improving blood volume and promoting adequate tissue perfusion. Albumin, being a plasma protein, also acts as a carrier molecule, transporting various substances such as hormones, ions, and medications throughout the bloodstream. By restoring the albumin concentration, this infusion helps in maintaining the critical balance of fluid distribution between the vascular and interstitial compartments, which is essential for proper organ function and overall physiological homeostasis.

Albumin

Plasma volume expander.

Infusion

The following are the uses of Albumin Infusion:

• Used for restoring blood volume in patients with severe burns, trauma, or surgery.
• Used to treat hypovolemia, increasing blood volume and improving circulation.
• Used in liver disease cases to reduce fluid buildup and improve liver function.
• Used for treating nephrotic syndrome by reducing protein loss in urine.
• Used for supporting nutrition in critically ill patients.
• Used during dialysis to prevent blood clotting and maintain blood volume.
• Used for certain drug administration to stabilize drug compounds.

In the case of an overdose of Albumin Infusion, the primary concern is fluid overload. Symptoms may include swelling, increased blood pressure, and difficulty breathing. Treatment involves closely monitoring the patient's fluid balance and providing diuretics to promote urine production and reduce excess fluid. Prompt medical intervention is necessary to manage these symptoms effectively and prevent potential complications.

In the case of a missed dose of Albumin Infusion, it is essential to contact your healthcare provider for guidance. Missing a dose of this medication can be concerning, especially if it is required for a specific medical condition. Your healthcare professional will be able to advise you on the best course of action, which may involve administering the missed dose as soon as possible or adjusting the dosage schedule to compensate for the missed dose. Do not attempt to double the dose without medical supervision.

To administer the Albumin Infusion, prepare the solution according to the instructions, ensuring it reaches room temperature, and then inject it slowly into the vein over a controlled period as directed by your healthcare professional.

Here are the conditions or situations when Albumin Infusion should not be used:

• Avoid if the patient has a known allergy or hypersensitivity to human albumin or any of the excipients in the infusion solution.
• Not indicated for the treatment of hypovolemia (low blood volume) when other less expensive colloid or crystalloid solutions are effective.
• Should not be used to treat patients with severe anemia or severe intravascular volume overload.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe hypervolemia (excess fluid in the bloodstream).
• Not recommended for patients with cardiac failure or severe kidney disease.
• Avoid in patients with severe respiratory distress or pulmonary edema.
• Should not be used in patients with severe liver disease or hepatic failure.
• Not suitable for patients with a history of severe allergic reactions to albumin products.
• Contraindicated in patients with a known deficiency of coagulation factors (blood clotting disorders).

The side effects of Albumin Infusion may include:

• Allergic reactions, such as hives, itching, or difficulty breathing.
• Fever or chills during or after the infusion.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat.
• Chest pain or discomfort.
• Swelling or edema, particularly in the hands, feet, or face.
• Hypotension (low blood pressure).
• Anaphylaxis (a severe allergic reaction) in rare cases.

Following are the precautions and warnings for Albumin Infusion:

• It should only be administered intravenously and under medical supervision due to the risk of allergic reactions.
• Not recommended for patients with severe anemia, as it may worsen the condition.
• Patients with heart conditions should be closely monitored, as it can cause fluid overload and strain the heart.
• Caution is advised in individuals with a history of kidney disease, as it may affect kidney function.
• Avoid if you have a known allergy to albumin or any of its components to prevent severe allergic reactions.
• Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult their doctor, as it may cross the placenta or pass into breast milk.
• Ensure proper fluid balance and monitor for signs of fluid overload, especially in elderly patients.

Following are the drug interactions for Albumin Infusion:

• Concomitant use with diuretics like furosemide may reduce the effectiveness of diuretics and increase the risk of electrolyte imbalances.
• Albumin can affect the distribution of other drugs, such as phenytoin and valproic acid, potentially altering their efficacy.
• The volume of distribution of highly protein-bound drugs, such as warfarin and phenytoin, may be altered, requiring monitoring and dose adjustments.
• It may enhance the anticoagulant effect of heparin, requiring close monitoring of coagulation parameters.
• When used with ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, close monitoring of blood pressure is necessary as it may cause hypotension.
• Caution is advised with diabetes medications, as albumin can affect glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
• Concurrent use with other colloid solutions like dextrans should be avoided due to the risk of volume overload and cardiovascular complications.

Following are the food interactions for Albumin Infusion:

• As Albumin Infusion is typically administered intravenously under medical supervision, there are no direct food interactions to consider during the infusion process.
• Ensure adequate hydration before and after the infusion, as dehydration may affect the body's response to the treatment.
• Avoid excessive caffeine intake, as it may impact blood volume and potentially interact with the infusion.
• Salt and water-rich foods are beneficial to maintain fluid balance, especially if Albumin Infusion is used for fluid replacement.
• Avoid alcohol consumption as it may affect liver function and interact with the albumin protein.
• There is no specific diet restriction during Albumin Infusion, but maintaining a balanced diet supports overall health.
• Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice as they may affect liver enzymes and potentially impact albumin metabolism.
• Consult healthcare professionals for personalized dietary advice, especially for patients with liver or kidney conditions.

The proper storage and disposal of Albumin Infusion is crucial for maintaining its efficacy and safety. Store the infusion in a controlled environment, preferably at room temperature between 15-30°C (59-86°F), away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Protect it from freezing as it may damage the solution. Ensure the infusion is kept in its original packaging, tightly sealed, to maintain sterility and prevent contamination. Check the expiration date regularly, and dispose of any expired or unused infusion according to local regulations and guidelines. Do not pour the infusion down the drain or dispose of it in regular trash; instead, follow the recommended procedures for pharmaceutical waste disposal to minimize environmental impact. Keep it out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Albumin Infusion:

• Administer the infusion under medical supervision to ensure proper administration.
• Check the expiration date and packaging integrity before use.
• Use sterile equipment and techniques to prepare and administer the infusion.
• Follow the prescribed infusion rate and duration as directed by your healthcare professional.
• Monitor vital signs and fluid balance during and after the infusion.
• Report any signs of allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, or difficulty breathing, immediately.
• Store the infusion as directed and protect it from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.
• Seek medical advice if you have any concerns or questions regarding the infusion.