AMINOPHYLIN 10ML INJ

Aminophylline injection works by inhibiting the enzyme phosphodiesterase, which leads to an increase in intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). This rise in cAMP relaxes smooth muscles in the airways, resulting in bronchodilation. Additionally, aminophylline enhances diaphragmatic contractility and reduces bronchial hyperreactivity. Its mechanism of action also involves mild central nervous system stimulation, which can lead to side effects such as nervousness and irritability.

Aminophylline

Bronchodilator and Theophylline derivative.

Injection

The following are the uses of Aminophylline Injection:

• Used for opening up the airways and improving breathing in conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
• Used for treating severe asthma attacks to quickly relieve symptoms.
• Used for reducing inflammation and relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways.
• Used for managing exercise-induced asthma to prevent symptoms during physical activity.
• Used for chronic bronchitis to ease breathing difficulties and reduce wheezing.
• Used for acute respiratory distress, ensuring sufficient oxygen supply to the body.
• Used for certain types of pneumonia to assist in breathing and enhance oxygenation.
• Used for emergency situations when rapid bronchodilation is required.

In the case of an overdose of Aminophylline Injection, the symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, seizures, irregular heartbeat, and confusion. Prompt medical intervention is necessary to manage these symptoms effectively. Treatment involves supportive care, such as oxygen therapy and intravenous fluids, to stabilize the patient's condition. Healthcare professionals may also administer specific medications to counteract the effects of the overdose. It is crucial to seek medical assistance immediately if an overdose is suspected.

In the case of a missed dose of Aminophylline Injection, it is important to administer the medication as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare professional for advice on how to proceed, as they may recommend adjusting the dosage or provide further guidance.

To administer Aminophylline Injection, prepare the medication by drawing the prescribed dose into a syringe, ensuring the injection is clear and free from particles, then locate a suitable injection site, typically in the upper arm or thigh, clean the area with an alcohol swab, and carefully inject the medication into the muscle, following the proper injection technique to minimize discomfort.

Following are the conditions/situations when Aminophylline Injection should not be used:

• Should not be administered to individuals with a known allergy to Aminophylline, Theophylline, or Ethylenediamine.
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of seizures or epilepsy.
• Not recommended for individuals with severe heart conditions, such as acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina.
• Should not be used in patients with severe hypertension (high blood pressure).
• Contraindicated in individuals with peptic ulcer disease or bleeding disorders.
• Not suitable for patients with liver or kidney disease in advanced stages.
• Should not be administered to individuals with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to similar xanthine derivatives.
• Contraindicated in patients with acute porphyria.

The side effects of Aminophylline Injection may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat (palpitations)
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Headache
• Nervousness or restlessness
• Insomnia
• Skin rash or hives
• Seizures

Following are the precautions and warnings for Aminophylline Injection:

• Not recommended for individuals with known hypersensitivity or allergy to Aminophylline or related compounds.
• Should be used with caution in patients with cardiac arrhythmias, peptic ulcers, hyperthyroidism, or those with a history of seizures.
• Close monitoring of serum Aminophylline levels is essential, especially in patients with cardiac or liver disease, as they may require dosage adjustments.
• Elderly patients may be more susceptible to side effects, so lower initial doses are recommended.
• May cause dizziness or drowsiness; patients should avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
• Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult their doctor before using this medication, as it may cross the placenta and pass into breast milk.
• Aminophylline should be discontinued if signs of overstimulation or toxicity occur, and immediate medical attention should be sought.

Following are the drug interactions for Aminophylline Injection:

• Concomitant use with other xanthine derivatives (e.g., theophylline, caffeine) can lead to increased serum levels and potential toxicity.
• Aminophylline may reduce the effectiveness of diuretics, especially loop diuretics like furosemide, requiring dosage adjustments.
• It can decrease the clearance of certain medications, such as lithium and phenytoin, leading to increased drug concentrations and potential toxicity.
• Beta-blockers, such as propranolol, may mask the early signs of aminophylline toxicity, including increased heart rate and tremors.
• The effects of quinolone antibiotics, like ciprofloxacin, may be enhanced by aminophylline, increasing the risk of side effects.
• Aminophylline may decrease the efficacy of insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents, necessitating closer monitoring of blood glucose levels.
• Caution is advised when combining Aminophylline with other medications that stimulate the central nervous system, as this may lead to seizures or cardiovascular complications.

Following are the food interactions to consider with Aminophylline Injection:

• Citrus fruits, especially grapefruit and its juice, should be avoided as they can interfere with the metabolism of Aminophylline, leading to increased drug levels in the body and potential toxicity.
• Avoid excessive caffeine intake from coffee, tea, energy drinks, or chocolate, as Aminophylline itself contains caffeine, and combining it with other caffeine sources can result in excessive stimulation, nervousness, and insomnia.
• Alcohol consumption should be limited or avoided as it can enhance the sedative effects of Aminophylline, leading to increased drowsiness and reduced alertness.
• High-fat meals may delay the absorption of Aminophylline, potentially affecting its onset of action. It is advisable to take the injection on an empty stomach or with a light meal.
• Avoid consuming large amounts of dairy products, as calcium-rich foods can potentially interact with Aminophylline, affecting its absorption and distribution in the body.
• Avoid herbal supplements like St. John's Wort, as they may alter the effectiveness of Aminophylline by influencing its metabolism.
• Always consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice, as individual responses to drug interactions can vary.

Aminophylline Injection should be stored in a controlled environment, preferably at room temperature between 15-30°C (59-86°F). Protect the injection vials from direct sunlight and moisture, ensuring they are stored in a dry place. It is crucial to keep the medication in its original packaging, tightly sealed, to maintain its integrity and prevent contamination. Avoid exposing the injection to extreme temperatures, including freezing or excessive heat, as it may alter the medication's effectiveness. Always check the expiration date before use and discard any expired or unused vials. Proper disposal is essential; do not dispose of Aminophylline Injection by flushing or pouring it down the drain. Consult your pharmacist or healthcare professional for guidance on safe disposal practices, ensuring it is done in an environmentally friendly manner. Keep the medication away from children to prevent accidental exposure or ingestion.

Following are the quick tips for Aminophylline Injection:

• Aminophylline Injection should be administered by healthcare professionals only.
• Ensure the injection is at room temperature before use; do not warm it in a microwave or hot water.
• Clean the injection site with an alcohol wipe before administration.
• Inject the medication slowly as directed, usually over a period of 1-2 minutes.
• Do not mix Aminophylline with other medications unless instructed by a doctor.
• Rotate injection sites to minimize discomfort and skin irritation.
• Dispose of used needles and syringes safely in designated sharps containers.