Bosmon (62.5mg) 14 Tablets

Bosentan monohydrate 62.5mg tablets primarily exert their therapeutic effects through the blockade of endothelin receptors, specifically the endothelin receptor type A (ET-A) and endothelin receptor type B (ET-B). By acting as a competitive antagonist at these receptors, bosentan inhibits the binding of endothelin, a potent vasoconstrictor peptide, to its receptors. Endothelin plays a crucial role in regulating vascular tone, cell proliferation, and fibrosis. When bosentan blocks the ET-A receptors, it reduces the vasoconstrictive and proliferative effects of endothelin, leading to vasodilation and improved blood flow. Simultaneously, the blockade of ET-B receptors can modulate the production and release of endothelin, further contributing to the overall therapeutic effect. This mechanism of action is particularly relevant in conditions where excessive endothelin activity is implicated, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension, as it helps to reduce pulmonary vascular resistance and improve cardiac output.

Endothelin receptor antagonist

Tablet

The following are the uses of Bosentan Monohydrate 62.5mg Tablet:

• Used for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a type of high blood pressure in the lungs.
• Used to improve exercise capacity, reduce symptoms, and slow down the progression of PAH.
• Used for managing PAH in both WHO Group 1 and Group 3 patients.
• Used to relax and open up constricted blood vessels in the lungs, improving blood flow.
• Used as a long-term treatment to manage symptoms and enhance overall well-being in PAH patients.
• Used for reducing the risk of hospitalization due to PAH.
• Used in combination with other medications for comprehensive PAH management.

In the case of an overdose of Bosentan Monohydrate 62.5mg Tablets, it is important to seek medical advice promptly. Overdose symptoms may include dizziness, headache, and gastrointestinal issues such as nausea and vomiting. If you suspect an overdose, contact a healthcare professional or poison control center immediately. They will provide guidance on the necessary steps to manage the overdose, which may include supportive care and monitoring of vital signs. Quick action can help ensure the best possible outcome.

In the case of a missed dose of Bosentan Monohydrate 62.5mg Tablet, it is important to take the medication as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance, as they may recommend adjusting your dosage or provide specific instructions to ensure you receive the correct amount of medication.

To take Bosentan Monohydrate 62.5mg Tablet, swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water, preferably at the same time each day, following the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare professional.

Following are the conditions or situations when Bosentan Monohydrate 62.5mg Tablet should not be taken:

• Must not be used in patients with known severe liver impairment.
• Contraindicated in individuals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Bosentan or any of its excipients.
• Not recommended for patients with moderate to severe low blood pressure (hypotension).
• Should not be used during pregnancy or in women who are trying to become pregnant.
• Not suitable for breastfeeding mothers.
• Avoid in patients with anemia, especially those with a history of blood disorders.
• Discontinue use if signs of liver problems occur, such as jaundice or significant increases in liver enzymes.

The side effects of Bosentan Monohydrate 62.5mg Tablet may include:

• Headache
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Fatigue or weakness
• Anemia (low red blood cell count)
• Elevated liver enzymes
• Flushing or hot flashes
• Edema (swelling, especially in the feet and ankles)

Following are the precautions and warnings for Bosentan Monohydrate 62.5mg Tablet:

• Patients with liver or kidney disease should exercise caution and inform their doctor, as dosage adjustments may be necessary.
• Regular monitoring of liver function is essential during treatment, and liver enzyme tests should be performed before starting and at monthly intervals during the first year of treatment.
• Patients with anemia or a history of anemia should be closely monitored, as Bosentan can worsen this condition.
• This medication may cause harm to the fetus; women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception during treatment and for at least one month after stopping treatment.
• It can cause fluid retention, so patients with conditions like heart failure or edema should be carefully monitored.
• Patients experiencing symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or extreme fatigue should seek immediate medical attention, as these may indicate serious side effects.
• Bosentan may affect sperm quality and quantity in males, which could impact fertility.

Following are the drug interactions for Bosentan Monohydrate 62.5mg Tablet:

• Concomitant use with cyclosporine can increase blood levels of both drugs, requiring careful monitoring and dose adjustments.
• It may reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, so alternative methods of contraception are recommended.
• Bosentan can decrease the plasma concentrations of simvastatin, potentially reducing its therapeutic effect.
• Rifampin, a strong inducer of liver enzymes, can decrease the effectiveness of bosentan by increasing its metabolism.
• Antacids containing aluminum or magnesium may decrease the absorption of bosentan, so they should be taken at least 3 hours apart.
• Grapefruit juice should be avoided as it can increase blood levels of bosentan, potentially leading to increased side effects.
• Caution is advised when using bosentan with other medications that affect liver function, as this may alter its metabolism.

Following are the food interactions for Bosentan Monohydrate 62.5mg Tablet:

• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice consumption should be avoided as they can significantly increase Bosentan levels in the blood, potentially leading to an increased risk of side effects, especially liver-related issues.
• Alcohol intake should be minimized or avoided while taking Bosentan as it can increase the risk of liver problems and may also lower blood pressure, exacerbating potential side effects.
• High-fat meals can affect the absorption of Bosentan, possibly reducing its effectiveness. It is recommended to take the medication on an empty stomach or with a light meal.
• Salt substitutes containing potassium should be used cautiously as Bosentan can increase potassium levels in the blood, and excessive potassium intake may be harmful.
• Foods rich in tyramine, such as aged cheeses, cured meats, and certain types of beer, should be avoided as Bosentan can potentially interact with tyramine, leading to increased blood pressure.
• Limit the intake of foods high in sodium (salt) to prevent fluid retention and maintain stable blood pressure.
• Ensure adequate hydration by drinking plenty of fluids, especially water, to support kidney function while taking Bosentan.
• There are no specific food restrictions, but maintaining a balanced diet is advisable, and any dietary concerns should be discussed with a healthcare professional.

Bosentan Monohydrate 62.5mg Tablets should be stored in a secure and dry location, away from direct sunlight and moisture. It is crucial to keep the tablets in their original packaging, ensuring the container remains tightly sealed to maintain their integrity. Avoid exposing the medication to extreme temperatures, such as those found in bathrooms, near stoves, or radiators, as this can impact its effectiveness. Regularly check the expiration date on the packaging, and when disposing of unused or expired tablets, refrain from flushing them down the toilet or pouring them into drains. Instead, seek guidance from a pharmacist or healthcare professional for safe disposal practices. It is imperative to store the medication out of children's reach to prevent accidental consumption.

Following are the quick tips for Bosentan Monohydrate 62.5mg Tablet:

• Take the tablet as directed by your doctor, typically twice daily, to effectively manage your condition.
• Consume the tablet with a full glass of water, preferably on an empty stomach, for optimal absorption.
• Maintain a consistent schedule by taking the tablet at the same times each day.
• Avoid crushing or chewing the tablet; swallow it whole for best results.
• If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, but skip it if it's almost time for your next dose.
• Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, and consult your doctor if you have any concerns.
• Store the tablets in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture.