Cefamezin (250mg) 1 Vial Injection

Cephazolin is a semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic, and its primary mechanism of action is inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It specifically targets the final stage of peptidoglycan synthesis, which is essential for maintaining the structural integrity of bacterial cell walls. Cephazolin binds to and blocks the activity of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), enzymes responsible for cross-linking peptidoglycan chains. By inhibiting PBPs, Cephazolin disrupts the formation of a strong and stable cell wall, leading to cell lysis and bacterial death. This selective interference with bacterial cell wall synthesis makes Cephazolin effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria, as it exploits a crucial difference in the cell wall composition between bacterial and mammalian cells.

Cephazolin 250mg

Cephalosporin antibiotic

Injection

The following are the uses of Cephazolin 250mg injection:

• Used for treating serious bacterial infections such as skin and soft tissue infections.
• Used for bone and joint infections, particularly during surgical procedures.
• Used for preventing infections during major surgeries like heart, stomach, or orthopedic operations.
• Used for treating bacterial infections in the blood (bacteremia).
• Used for pneumonia caused by susceptible bacteria.
• Used for endocarditis, an infection of the inner lining of the heart.
• Used for certain types of urinary tract infections (UTIs).
• Used for prophylaxis in high-risk individuals to prevent infections.

In the case of an overdose of Cephazolin 250mg injection, it is important to seek medical assistance promptly. Overdose symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and increased skin sensitivity. In severe cases, an overdose can lead to more serious complications such as difficulty breathing, seizures, or even kidney damage. Timely medical intervention is crucial to manage these symptoms and prevent potential long-term effects on the patient's health. It is essential to act quickly and not delay seeking professional help.

In the case of a missed dose of Cephazolin 250mg injection, it is important to administer the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you frequently miss doses, consider setting reminders or alarms to ensure you take the medication as prescribed. Consult your healthcare provider if you have any concerns or questions regarding missed doses.

To administer Cephazolin 250mg injection, clean the injection site, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle, and inject the prescribed dose slowly, ensuring the entire medication is delivered, and then safely dispose of the used needle and syringe.

Here are the conditions or situations when Cephazolin 250mg injection should not be used:

• Should not be administered to individuals with a known allergy to Cephazolin, penicillin, or any other beta-lactam antibiotics.
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of severe hypersensitivity reactions to cephalosporin antibiotics.
• Not recommended for patients with severe kidney disease or those on dialysis, without adjusting the dosage.
• Should not be used to treat viral infections or non-bacterial infections.
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of severe gastrointestinal diseases, especially colitis.
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of seizures or conditions that increase the risk of seizures.
• Should not be administered intrathecally (into the spinal canal) due to the risk of severe adverse effects.
• Should be used with caution in premature infants, as it may cause bilirubin encephalopathy.

The side effects of Cephazolin 250mg injection may include:

• Skin rashes or itching
• Diarrhea
• Nausea and vomiting
• Pain or swelling at the injection site
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Allergic reactions (hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face/lips/tongue)
• Kidney problems (decreased urine output, swelling in legs or feet)

Following are the precautions and warnings for Cephazolin 250mg Injection:

• Avoid use in patients with known hypersensitivity to cephazolin, other cephalosporins, or any other components of the injection.
• Use with caution in patients with a history of severe allergies or anaphylaxis to penicillins, as cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins may occur.
• Should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment; dosage adjustments may be necessary to avoid toxicity.
• Cephazolin may cause gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Watch for signs of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, which can be serious.
• Prolonged use of cephazolin can lead to the development of superinfections, including fungal infections. Close monitoring for any new infections is advised.
• Patients receiving high doses of cephazolin or prolonged therapy should be monitored for hematologic effects like thrombocytopenia and leukopenia.
• The drug can affect renal function, particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney problems. Regular monitoring of renal function is recommended.
• Be cautious when administering cephazolin to patients with gastrointestinal diseases such as colitis, as it may worsen these conditions.
• This medication can interfere with blood clotting; coagulation parameters should be monitored in patients with bleeding disorders or those on anticoagulant therapy.
• False-positive results in urine glucose tests may occur while using cephazolin. Alternative testing methods are recommended.
• Cephazolin may interact with other medications, especially anticoagulants and other antibiotics. Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking.
• Cephazolin should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Consult a healthcare provider before use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
• If any signs of allergic reactions such as rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing appear, discontinue the medication immediately and seek medical attention.

Following are the drug interactions for Cephazolin 250mg injection:

• Probenecid can decrease the elimination of Cephazolin, leading to increased blood levels and potential toxicity.
• Concomitant use with other nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides, colistin) may increase the risk of kidney damage.
• Cephazolin may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, requiring additional contraceptive measures.
• It can affect the accuracy of certain urine glucose tests, leading to false positive or false negative results.
• Neuromuscular blocking agents may have enhanced effects when used with Cephazolin, requiring dosage adjustments.
• Live vaccines may not work as well during and shortly after Cephazolin treatment, as the immune response may be diminished.
• Anticoagulants like warfarin may require monitoring as Cephazolin can alter their effects, potentially increasing the risk of bleeding.

Following are the food interactions for Cephazolin 250mg injection:

• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption during the treatment period as it may increase the risk of liver damage and interfere with the antibiotic's effectiveness.
• Cephazolin should be taken on an empty stomach, preferably 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals, for optimal absorption.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be avoided as they may decrease the antibiotic's absorption, reducing its effectiveness.
• High-fiber foods may decrease the absorption of Cephazolin, so it is best to avoid consuming large amounts of fiber-rich foods close to the time of medication intake.
• Dairy products like milk and yogurt may decrease the absorption of Cephazolin, so it is recommended to separate them by a few hours.
• Vitamin C supplements or foods rich in Vitamin C may reduce the effectiveness of Cephazolin, so it's best to consult your healthcare provider for proper timing.
• Avoid consuming large amounts of caffeinated beverages as they may increase the elimination of Cephazolin, potentially reducing its therapeutic effect.
• Always follow the advice of your healthcare provider regarding specific dietary restrictions or recommendations during the course of treatment.

Cephazolin 250mg injection should be stored in a controlled environment, preferably in a refrigerator between 2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F). It is crucial to keep the injection in its original packaging, protecting it from light and moisture. Avoid freezing the medication as it may affect its potency. Ensure the storage area is secure and inaccessible to children and pets. Once the vial is opened, it should be used immediately, and any unused portion should be discarded properly. Do not reuse or re-sterilize the injection as it may pose contamination risks. Dispose of any unused or expired medication through a medicine take-back program or by mixing it with an unpalatable substance like used coffee grounds or kitty litter, placing it in a sealed container, and throwing it in the trash.

Following are the quick tips for Cephazolin 2.5g Injection:

• Administer the injection under medical supervision for optimal therapy.
• Ensure the injection is prepared and administered by trained medical personnel.
• Cephazolin is typically given intravenously or intramuscularly, follow the prescribed route.
• Verify the dose and injection site to ensure accurate administration.
• Do not mix or inject other medications without professional advice.
• Report any signs of allergic reactions or severe side effects immediately.
• Properly dispose of used needles and syringes in designated sharps containers.