CITRAFLOW PLUS INJ

Sodium Citrate 0.04% injection acts as a blood anticoagulant by binding to calcium ions in the blood. This mechanism is crucial as it prevents calcium from playing its role in the blood clotting process. When calcium is bound, it becomes unavailable to activate certain clotting factors, such as factor VII, which are essential for the formation of a fibrin clot. By chelating calcium, sodium citrate effectively inhibits the coagulation cascade, thereby preventing blood clotting. This property is particularly useful in various medical procedures where maintaining blood in a fluid state is necessary, such as during dialysis, blood transfusions, or certain laboratory tests.

Anticoagulant

Injection

The following are the uses of Sodium Citrate 0.04 injection:

• Used for preventing blood clots from forming during blood transfusions or certain types of surgery.
• Used for treating conditions where the blood is more likely to clot, such as deep vein thrombosis.
• Used for controlling excessive blood clotting in patients with hemophilia or other clotting disorders.
• Used for stabilizing red blood cells in blood banks to extend their storage life.
• Used for maintaining the patency of intravenous (IV) catheters by preventing clot formation.
• Used for preventing blood clots in dialysis patients.

In the case of an overdose of Sodium Citrate 0.04% injection, individuals may experience symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Severe cases can lead to electrolyte imbalances, low blood pressure, and in extreme situations, seizures or cardiac arrhythmias. Prompt medical intervention is necessary, focusing on supportive care and managing symptoms to ensure the patient's well-being and prevent potential complications. It is crucial to seek medical assistance immediately if an overdose is suspected.

In the case of a missed dose of Sodium Citrate 0.04 injection, it is important to administer the missed dose as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to safely resume your medication regimen. It is crucial to maintain a consistent dosing schedule for the best therapeutic effect.

To administer the Sodium Citrate 0.04 injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol swab, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle, and slowly inject the prescribed dose, ensuring the entire medication is delivered; follow the healthcare provider's instructions for proper injection technique and dosage.

Following are the conditions/situations when Sodium Citrate 0.04% injection should not be used:

• Must not be used in patients with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Sodium Citrate or any of its excipients.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe kidney disease or renal failure.
• Not suitable for individuals with high blood sodium levels (hypernatremia).
• Should not be used to treat acidosis caused by conditions such as ketoacidosis or lactic acidosis.
• Contraindicated in patients with heart failure or severe cardiac disease.
• Not recommended for patients with swelling or fluid retention due to heart or kidney problems.
• Avoid use in patients with uncontrolled high blood pressure (hypertension).
• Should not be administered if the patient is dehydrated or has low blood volume.

The side effects of Sodium Citrate 0.04 injection may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain or cramps
• Slow heart rate (bradycardia)
• Low blood pressure (hypotension)
• Muscle weakness
• Paresthesia (tingling or numbness)
• Confusion or agitation

Following are the precautions and warnings for Sodium Citrate 0.04 injection:

• Do not use if you have a known allergy to sodium citrate or any other ingredients in the injection.
• Must be administered by trained medical personnel in a clinical setting due to the risk of adverse reactions.
• Caution in patients with kidney disease, as sodium citrate can affect kidney function.
• Not recommended for patients with severe dehydration, as it may exacerbate the condition.
• Monitor fluid balance and electrolyte levels, especially in prolonged use or high-dose regimens.
• Avoid rapid infusion to prevent potential side effects like hypotension or arrhythmias.
• Elderly patients may be more sensitive to the effects; dosage adjustments might be necessary.

Following are the drug interactions for Sodium Citrate 0.04% injection:

• It can interact with calcium-containing solutions, leading to the formation of a precipitate.
• Sodium Citrate may reduce the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics, so separate administration is advised.
• The effects of neuromuscular blocking agents may be prolonged when used with Sodium Citrate.
• It can increase blood levels of lithium, potentially leading to lithium toxicity.
• Anticoagulants like heparin may have their anticoagulant effect reduced when used with Sodium Citrate.
• May enhance the effects of medications that lower blood pressure, such as beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers.
• The use of Sodium Citrate with other drugs that affect electrolyte balance, such as diuretics, should be monitored closely.

Following are the food interactions for Sodium Citrate 0.04 injection:

• Avoid excessive salt intake as it can counteract the effects of Sodium Citrate, which is used to treat metabolic acidosis by balancing acid-base levels.
• Limit acidic foods like citrus fruits, tomatoes, and vinegar-based products, as they can exacerbate acid levels and reduce the medication's effectiveness.
• Stay hydrated by drinking enough water to maintain a healthy fluid balance, ensuring the medication's optimal performance.
• Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, as they may affect the absorption and metabolism of Sodium Citrate, potentially altering its effectiveness.
• Alcohol consumption should be limited as it can interfere with the body's acid-base balance and potentially reduce the medication's efficacy.
• Consume a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to support overall health and aid in the management of metabolic acidosis.
• Avoid high-protein diets, as protein metabolism can produce acids, potentially requiring adjustments in medication dosage.
• Consult a healthcare professional for personalized dietary advice, especially if you have specific dietary restrictions or preferences.

Sodium Citrate 0.04 injection should be stored and disposed of with utmost care. Store it in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture, ideally at room temperature. Keep the injection in its original packaging, tightly sealed to maintain sterility. Avoid exposing it to extreme temperatures, such as those near heat sources or in the bathroom, as this can compromise its quality. Always check the expiration date, and if expired or no longer needed, proper disposal is crucial. Do not dispose of it through sinks or toilets; consult healthcare professionals or pharmacists for safe disposal methods to prevent environmental contamination. Keep this injection securely stored, out of children's reach to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Sodium Citrate 0.04% injection:

• Administer the injection as prescribed by your healthcare professional for precise treatment.
• Ensure the injection is at room temperature before use for better comfort.
• Clean the injection site with antiseptic before administration to reduce infection risk.
• Gently massage the area after injection to ease any discomfort.
• Dispose of used needles and syringes safely in designated sharps containers.
• Store the injection as directed on the label, away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.
• Consult your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms after the injection.