Cova-H (160/12.5mg) 14 Tablets

The combination of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in this tablet works synergistically to lower blood pressure. Valsartan blocks the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) in the body, preventing the binding of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. This inhibition leads to vasodilation, reducing blood pressure by decreasing peripheral resistance in blood vessels. On the other hand, Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney, increasing the excretion of water and electrolytes, which helps to lower blood volume and subsequently reduces blood pressure. Together, these mechanisms effectively lower blood pressure and provide better control for individuals with hypertension.

Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker, Diuretic.

Tablet

The following are the uses of Valsartan 160mg, Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg Tablet:

• Used for treating high blood pressure (hypertension).
• Used to lower blood pressure when lifestyle changes are not enough.
• Used for patients with heart problems, post-heart attack recovery, and kidney complications related to diabetes.
• Used to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events like strokes and heart attacks.
• Used to treat fluid retention and edema.
• Used to improve overall heart and kidney function.
• Used to manage hypertension in patients with multiple risk factors.

To be taken as per doctor's prescription

In the case of an overdose of Valsartan 160mg and Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg tablets, symptoms may include severe dizziness, fainting, increased heart rate, and a significant drop in blood pressure. Promptly seek medical attention if an overdose is suspected. Treatment for overdose may involve supportive measures such as monitoring vital signs, administering intravenous fluids, and providing appropriate medical interventions to manage symptoms and stabilize the patient's condition.

In the case of a missed dose of Valsartan 160mg, Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg Tablet, it is generally recommended to take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is close to the time for your next scheduled dose. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to safely resume your medication regimen.

To take Valsartan 160mg and Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg tablets, swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water, preferably at the same time each day, as directed by your healthcare provider.

Here are the conditions and situations when Valsartan 160mg, Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg Tablet should not be taken:

• Should not be used in individuals with a known allergy to Valsartan, Hydrochlorothiazide, or any of the tablet's components.
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of angioedema (swelling under the skin) or allergic reactions to other blood pressure medications.
• Not recommended for individuals with severe liver disease or biliary obstruction (blockage in the bile ducts).
• Should not be used in patients with severe kidney disease or those who are unable to urinate.
• Contraindicated during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, as it can cause harm to the fetus.
• Not suitable for individuals with low blood sodium levels (hyponatremia) or high blood calcium levels (hypercalcemia).
• Should be avoided in patients with a history of lupus or those who are taking medications that affect the immune system.

The side effects of Valsartan 160mg, Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg Tablet may include:

• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Fatigue or weakness
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea or abdominal pain
• Muscle cramps or joint pain
• Increased sensitivity to sunlight
• Skin rash or itching
• Low blood pressure (hypotension)

Following are the precautions and warnings for Valsartan 160mg, Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg Tablet:

• Patients with a known allergy to Valsartan, Hydrochlorothiazide, or any other ingredients in the tablet should not take this medication.
• Regular monitoring of kidney function is necessary, especially in patients with pre-existing kidney problems, as the medication may affect renal function.
• Blood pressure should be monitored regularly, and caution should be exercised in patients with severe hypertension or hypotension.
• This medication may cause electrolyte imbalances, particularly potassium and sodium levels, so regular monitoring is required.
• Patients with a history of liver disease should exercise caution and have their liver function tested periodically.
• Avoid using this medication during pregnancy or breastfeeding unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
• Patients with diabetes should be aware that Hydrochlorothiazide may alter blood sugar levels, requiring adjustments in diabetes medications.

Following are the drug interactions for Valsartan 160mg, Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg Tablet:

• Lithium levels may be increased by thiazide diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide, which can lead to lithium toxicity.
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and COX-2 inhibitors may reduce the blood pressure-lowering effect of valsartan and can increase the risk of kidney damage.
• Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) can cause increased serum potassium levels when used with hydrochlorothiazide.
• The antihypertensive effect of valsartan may be reduced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and COX-2 inhibitors.
• Hydrochlorothiazide can increase the risk of hypokalemia when used with other potassium-depleting medications.
• The risk of hyperkalemia is increased when valsartan is used with potassium-sparing diuretics or potassium supplements.
• Caution is advised when combining this medication with other drugs that affect renal function, as it may lead to renal impairment.

Following are the food interactions for Valsartan 160mg and Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg Tablet:

• Avoid excessive salt or sodium intake, as Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic and can lead to increased sodium excretion, affecting blood pressure control.
• Potassium-rich foods like bananas, oranges, and spinach are recommended to prevent potassium loss caused by Hydrochlorothiazide.
• Limit alcohol consumption as it may interact with Valsartan, increasing the risk of dizziness and lowering blood pressure.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be avoided as they can interfere with the metabolism of Valsartan, potentially increasing its levels in the blood.
• Maintain a consistent fluid intake to prevent dehydration, especially when taking Hydrochlorothiazide, which can increase urination.
• Avoid licorice, as it may decrease the effectiveness of Valsartan by inhibiting an enzyme necessary for its activation.
• Be cautious with high-fat meals, as they might slightly delay the absorption of Valsartan.

Valsartan 160mg, Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg Tablets should be stored in a cool and dry place, preferably at room temperature (around 25°C). It is crucial to keep the tablets in their original packaging, ensuring the container is tightly sealed to maintain their integrity. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight, moisture, or heat sources like ovens or radiators, as these conditions can degrade the medication. Always check the expiration date before taking any tablets, and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication. Do not flush or pour them down the drain; consult a pharmacist or healthcare professional for safe disposal guidelines. Keep the tablets out of children's reach to prevent accidental consumption.

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Following are the quick tips for Valsartan 160mg and Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg Tablet:

• Consult a healthcare professional for proper dosage and usage instructions.
• Ensure you understand the benefits and potential risks of the medication.
• Take the tablet as directed, usually once daily, at the same time each day.
• Swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water; do not crush or chew.
• Maintain a consistent medication routine for optimal blood pressure control.
• Inform your doctor about all medications and supplements you are taking.
• Store the medication in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.
• Do not share your medication with others, even if they have similar symptoms.