CYCLONORM TAB (21S)

Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel are synthetic hormones that work together in this combination oral contraceptive. Ethinyl estradiol, a synthetic estrogen, primarily acts by suppressing the pituitary gland's release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). This inhibition prevents ovulation by inhibiting the maturation and release of the oocyte from the ovarian follicle. Norgestrel, a progestin, contributes to the contraceptive effect by thickening the cervical mucus, making it more difficult for sperm to penetrate and reach the egg. It also alters the endometrium, reducing the likelihood of implantation if fertilization does occur. Additionally, norgestrel inhibits the release of luteinizing hormone, further suppressing ovulation. This combination of actions effectively prevents pregnancy by disrupting the normal reproductive processes.

Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel

Oral contraceptive.

Tablet

The following are the uses of Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel Tablet:

• Used for preventing pregnancy
• Used to treat symptoms of menopause
• Used in managing irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding
• Used to reduce acne and skin issues related to hormones
• Used for regulating hormonal imbalances
• Used in certain cases to treat endometriosis
• Used for managing the symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• Used to prevent osteoporosis in women at high risk.

In the case of an overdose of Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel Tablet, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, and fatigue. The severity of these symptoms can vary based on the amount ingested. Medical attention should be sought immediately, and treatment may involve supportive care and monitoring of vital signs. It is crucial to keep medications out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion.

In the case of a missed dose of Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel Tablet, it is recommended to take the missed pill as soon as you remember. If it's almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed one and continue with your regular schedule. However, if you've missed more than one dose, consult your healthcare provider for guidance, as they may advise you to use backup contraception or adjust your dosing schedule to ensure effective protection. It's important to act promptly to maintain the effectiveness of this medication.

To take the Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel Tablet, swallow one tablet at the same time each day, preferably with water, following the instructions provided by your healthcare professional, ensuring you adhere to the prescribed dosage and duration for effective contraception.

Following are the conditions/situations when Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel Tablet should not be used:

• Should not be used in individuals with a known allergy to Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel, or any of its components.
• Contraindicated in women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
• Not recommended for breastfeeding mothers.
• Should not be used in individuals with a history of blood clots or current blood clotting disorders.
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of stroke, heart attack, or cardiovascular diseases.
• Not suitable for individuals with severe high blood pressure.
• Should not be used if you have liver disease or cancer.
• Contraindicated in women with severe diabetes-related complications.
• Avoid if you have a history of breast, ovarian, or endometrial cancer.
• Not recommended for individuals with migraine headaches accompanied by aura.
• Should not be used if you have unexplained vaginal bleeding.

The side effects of Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel Tablet may include:

• Nausea and vomiting.
• Headaches or dizziness.
• Breast tenderness or enlargement.
• Mood changes, including depression or irritability.
• Abdominal pain or bloating.
• Weight gain or fluid retention.
• Skin changes, such as acne or darkening of facial skin.
• Increased blood pressure.

Following are the precautions and warnings for Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel Tablet:

• Do not smoke while using this medication, as smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular side effects.
• This medication does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases.
• Patients with a history of blood clots, stroke, or heart attack should not use this medication.
• Women with a history of breast cancer or liver disease should avoid this medication.
• May increase the risk of gallbladder disease, especially in women with a history of gallstones.
• Can cause irregular vaginal bleeding, and if it persists or is heavy, medical advice should be sought.
• Not recommended for use in postmenopausal women or women with unexplained vaginal bleeding.

Following are the drug interactions for Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel Tablet:

• May decrease the effectiveness of antibiotics, especially rifampin and rifabutin, leading to breakthrough bleeding.
• Can increase blood levels of cyclosporine, a medication used to prevent organ rejection, requiring careful monitoring.
• May reduce the efficacy of lamotrigine, an anti-seizure medication, potentially leading to seizures.
• Interacts with protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors used to treat HIV, possibly reducing contraceptive effectiveness.
• May increase plasma concentrations of the antifungal medication voriconazole, requiring dose adjustments.
• St. John's Wort can decrease the effectiveness of this medication, potentially leading to breakthrough bleeding.
• Can affect blood glucose levels, necessitating adjustments in diabetes medications.

Following are the food interactions for Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel Tablet:

• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they may affect the metabolism of the hormones, potentially leading to increased hormone levels and associated side effects.
• Alcohol intake should be monitored as it can increase the risk of blood clots, especially when combined with estrogen-containing medications.
• High-fiber foods may potentially reduce the absorption of the hormones. It is advisable to maintain a consistent diet when taking this medication.
• Avoid excessive caffeine consumption as it can interact with estrogen and affect liver function.
• Limit the intake of foods high in vitamin K, such as leafy green vegetables, as they can interfere with the anticoagulant effects of estrogen.
• Maintain a balanced diet and ensure adequate hydration to manage potential side effects like bloating and fluid retention.
• Certain herbal supplements like St. John's Wort may reduce the effectiveness of the medication by increasing its breakdown.
• Consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice on dietary adjustments while using this medication.

Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel Tablets should be stored in a secure and dry location, preferably at room temperature, away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture. It is crucial to keep the tablets in their original packaging, ensuring the container is tightly sealed to maintain its integrity and prevent exposure to environmental factors. When disposing of unused or expired tablets, it is important to avoid flushing them down the toilet or pouring them into any water source. Instead, contact your local pharmacist or healthcare provider for guidance on safe disposal methods, as they can provide environmentally responsible options. Additionally, keep these tablets out of children's reach to prevent accidental ingestion, ensuring their safety.

Following are the quick tips for Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel Tablet:

• Consult your healthcare provider for the prescribed dosage and duration of this medication.
• Ensure you understand the risks and benefits before starting the medication.
• Take the tablet at the same time each day to maintain consistent hormone levels.
• Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water; do not crush or chew.
• Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Do not smoke while using this medication as it may increase the risk of side effects.
• If you experience any unusual symptoms, contact your healthcare provider promptly.
• Store the tablets at room temperature away from moisture and sunlight.