DEXTROSE 25% SOLUTION (-set)

Dextrose Solution, also known as glucose solution, primarily works by providing a source of calories and elevating blood glucose levels. Its mechanism of action revolves around replenishing and supplying energy to the body's cells. When administered, dextrose is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream, leading to an increase in blood glucose concentration. This rise in blood glucose stimulates the release of insulin, a hormone that facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells throughout the body. Insulin promotes the transport of glucose into cells, particularly in muscle and adipose tissue, where it can be utilized for energy production through cellular metabolism. By supplying glucose, Dextrose Solution supports energy metabolism, aids in maintaining normal cellular function, and helps meet the body's caloric requirements, especially in situations where oral nutrition is insufficient or compromised.

Dextrose

Intravenous fluid.

Solution

The following are the uses of Dextrose Solution:

• Used for providing essential glucose to patients who cannot receive it orally, ensuring energy supply to cells.
• Used for treating low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) to quickly raise glucose levels.
• Used for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance in patients who require intravenous hydration.
• Used for diluting and delivering medications intravenously, ensuring rapid medication absorption.
• Used for replenishing fluids and electrolytes in dehydrated patients, especially in cases of severe diarrhea.
• Used for providing nutritional support to critically ill patients in intensive care settings.
• Used for preventing tissue damage during surgery by maintaining adequate blood glucose levels.
• Used for managing hyperkalemia, helping to restore the balance of potassium in the body.

In the case of an overdose of Dextrose Solution, it is important to monitor blood glucose levels closely. Symptoms of hyperglycemia may include increased thirst, frequent urination, and nausea. If you suspect an overdose, seek medical advice promptly. Treatment may involve adjusting the dosage and closely observing the patient's response to prevent further complications. It is crucial to follow the prescribed dosage to avoid such instances.

In the case of a missed dose of Dextrose Solution, it is important to administer the missed dose as soon as possible. If it is close to the time of your next scheduled dose, you may skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may lead to adverse effects. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to safely resume the treatment. Always keep a record of your medication schedule to minimize the chances of missing doses.

To take the Dextrose Solution, administer the prescribed dose intravenously, ensuring the IV line is properly inserted, and the solution is infused at the recommended rate as directed by your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

Here are the situations when Dextrose Solution should not be used:

• Avoid if you have a known allergy or sensitivity to dextrose or any of the solution's components.
• Do not use if you have severe hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) or if you are in a state of uncontrolled diabetes.
• Contraindicated in individuals with glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome or hereditary fructose intolerance.
• Not suitable for patients with severe fluid retention or conditions where fluid overload is a concern.
• Should not be used in cases of severe kidney impairment or end-stage kidney disease.
• Avoid using if you have a history of severe pulmonary edema or acute lung injury.
• Not recommended for individuals with severe metabolic acidosis.

The side effects of Dextrose Solution may include:

• Hypovolemia (low blood volume)
• Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)
• Edema (swelling) at the infusion site
• Phlebitis (inflammation of the veins)
• Allergic reactions (rash, itching, difficulty breathing)
• Volume overload leading to heart failure
• Electrolyte imbalances
• Pain or irritation along the vein.

Following are the precautions and warnings for Dextrose Solution:

• Not suitable for patients with conditions like diabetes, as it can lead to elevated blood sugar levels.
• Should be administered with caution in patients with heart disease, as it may cause fluid overload.
• Must be used with care in individuals with kidney issues, as it can impact kidney function.
• Avoid if allergic to any of the ingredients, as it may trigger an allergic reaction.
• Dextrose Solution should be used under medical supervision to monitor for any adverse effects.
• Not recommended for individuals with liver disease, as it can affect liver function.
• Elderly patients may require closer monitoring due to potential side effects.

Following are the drug interactions for Dextrose Solution:

• Insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may need adjustment when used with dextrose, as it can increase blood glucose levels.
• Concurrent use with vasopressor agents may require close monitoring, as dextrose can affect vascular response.
• Dextrose may enhance the hypotensive effect of calcium channel blockers and ACE inhibitors.
• Diuretics, when used with dextrose, may lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
• Antibiotics like gentamicin may have increased risk of toxicity when combined with dextrose.
• Corticosteroids can cause hyperglycemia, and dextrose may further elevate blood glucose levels.
• Beta-blockers and dextrose may mask some of the early warning signs of hypoglycemia.

Following are the food interactions to be aware of when using Dextrose Solution:

• Dextrose Solution can be mixed with various food items like juices, tea, or water to improve taste, but it's important to ensure the solution is fully dissolved.
• Avoid alcohol consumption while using Dextrose Solution, as it may interfere with the body's ability to process and utilize glucose effectively.
• Caffeine-rich beverages should be consumed in moderation as they may impact blood sugar levels, leading to fluctuations.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be avoided as they can potentially affect blood glucose levels and may interact with other medications.
• High-fiber foods can slow the absorption of Dextrose Solution, so consider spacing out fiber intake and medication doses.
• Spicy foods might influence blood sugar levels, so monitor glucose levels after consuming such meals.
• Avoid high-sugar foods and beverages as they can cause rapid spikes in blood glucose levels.
• Dairy products may not directly interact, but they can impact overall blood sugar control, so consume them mindfully.

Dextrose Solution storage and disposal should be done with care to maintain its integrity and prevent any potential risks. Store the solution in a cool, dry area, away from direct sunlight and heat sources, as temperature fluctuations can impact its quality. Keep the container tightly sealed to maintain sterility and prevent contamination. Always check the expiration date, and if the solution has passed its expiry, do not use it and dispose of it properly. When disposing of Dextrose Solution, do not pour it down the drain or flush it; instead, follow local guidelines for pharmaceutical waste disposal or consult a healthcare professional for advice on safe disposal methods. Keep the solution away from children to prevent accidental consumption. Proper storage and disposal practices ensure safety and effectiveness.

Following are the quick tips for Dextrose Solution:

• Administer intravenously under medical supervision for best results.
• Ensure the solution is at room temperature before infusion.
• Use a sterile infusion set and follow aseptic techniques during administration.
• Check the expiry date and inspect the solution for any discoloration or particles before use.
• Infuse slowly as prescribed, and monitor blood glucose levels regularly.
• Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.
• Seek immediate medical attention if any adverse reactions occur during or after infusion.