ELMETACIN SPRAY

Indomethacin, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), exerts its mechanism of action by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, primarily COX-1 and COX-2. These enzymes play a crucial role in the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are mediators of inflammation. By blocking COX enzymes, indomethacin reduces the production of prostaglandins, leading to decreased inflammation, pain, and swelling. Specifically, indomethacin binds reversibly to the active site of COX enzymes, preventing the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandin H2, which is a precursor to various prostaglandins and thromboxanes. This inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis is responsible for the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects of indomethacin.

Indomethacin

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)

Spray

The following are the uses of Indomethacin Spary:

• Used for relieving pain and inflammation associated with tendinitis, bursitis, and sprains.
• Used for managing acute gouty arthritis attacks.
• Used for treating headache pain, particularly in migraines.
• Used for reducing swelling and stiffness in joints affected by osteoarthritis.
• Used for easing pain and stiffness in the shoulder, elbow, wrist, ankle, or knee.
• Used for post-operative pain relief and inflammation control.
• Used for managing chronic inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.

In the case of an overdose of Indomethacin Spray, several symptoms may occur, including severe headaches, dizziness, and stomach pain. Excessive use can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding and kidney problems. It is important to seek medical advice promptly if an overdose is suspected. Treatment for an overdose may involve supportive care, monitoring vital signs, and managing symptoms until the medication is cleared from the body. Always use Indomethacin Spray as directed by a healthcare professional.

In the case of a missed dose of Indomethacin Spray, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines. If you forget to administer a dose, apply the spray as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not apply extra medication to make up for the missed dose, as this may increase the risk of side effects. Consult your healthcare provider if you frequently miss doses or have concerns about the medication's effectiveness.

To use Indomethacin Spray, shake the container, prime the pump if it's your first use, and administer the prescribed number of sprays into your mouth, aiming towards the insides of your cheeks, as directed by your healthcare provider.

Following are the conditions/situations when Indomethacin Nasal Spray should not be used:

• Must not be used in individuals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Indomethacin or any other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of asthma or severe allergic reactions triggered by aspirin or other NSAIDs.
• Should not be used in individuals with nasal polyps or recent nasal surgery.
• Not recommended for patients with severe kidney or liver disease.
• Must not be used during the last 3 months of pregnancy due to potential harm to the fetus.
• Contraindicated in individuals with active gastrointestinal bleeding or a history of gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation.
• Should not be used in patients with a history of heart attack or stroke, or those with conditions that may increase the risk of these events.
• Not suitable for individuals with uncontrolled hypertension (high blood pressure).
• Must be avoided in patients with a history of severe headaches or migraines.

The possible side effects of Indomethacin Spray may include:

• Irritation or burning sensation at the application site
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Nausea and vomiting
• Stomach pain or upset
• Diarrhea
• Skin rash or itching
• Nasal congestion or runny nose

Following are the precautions and warnings for Indomethacin Nasal Spray:

• This medication is for nasal use only and should not be ingested or applied to the eyes.
• It is important to prime the spray before first use and after periods of non-use, as instructed by the manufacturer.
• Avoid spraying towards the nasal septum (the wall between the nostrils) to prevent irritation.
• Do not share the nasal spray with others, as this may spread infections.
• If you have a history of nasal problems, such as recent surgery, ulcers, or frequent nosebleeds, consult your healthcare provider before using this medication.
• Indomethacin may cause an increased risk of bleeding or perforation in some individuals; seek medical attention if you experience severe or persistent nosebleeds.
• Patients with asthma or allergic rhinitis should use this medication with caution, as it may trigger or worsen respiratory symptoms.
• Discontinue use and consult a doctor if you experience severe or unusual side effects, such as severe headaches, dizziness, or difficulty breathing.

Following are the drug interactions for Indomethacin Spray:

• May reduce the effectiveness of ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and diuretics, potentially leading to decreased blood pressure control.
• Concomitant use with lithium can result in increased lithium levels and enhanced toxicity.
• The risk of bleeding may increase when used with anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs.
• Indomethacin can elevate the plasma concentrations of digoxin, requiring careful monitoring.
• When combined with methotrexate, it may increase methotrexate levels and toxicity.
• Renal function should be monitored when using Indomethacin with cyclosporine due to potential nephrotoxicity.
• Probenecid may increase the plasma concentrations of Indomethacin, leading to enhanced side effects.

Following are the food interactions for Indomethacin Spray:

• Avoid alcohol consumption while using Indomethacin, as it can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and liver damage.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they may affect the metabolism of Indomethacin, leading to increased drug levels in the body.
• Fatty foods can potentially delay the absorption of Indomethacin, possibly affecting its onset of action.
• Spicy foods might increase the risk of gastrointestinal irritation when using Indomethacin.
• Dairy products, especially milk, can potentially interact with Indomethacin, as they may decrease its absorption, reducing its effectiveness.
• Salt intake should be monitored as Indomethacin can cause sodium and fluid retention, potentially worsening conditions like hypertension.
• Avoid caffeine or limit its intake, as it can increase the risk of side effects such as nervousness, insomnia, and heart palpitations when combined with Indomethacin.
• Certain herbal supplements like Ginkgo Biloba and St. John's Wort might affect blood clotting and should be used cautiously with Indomethacin to prevent bleeding risks.

Indomethacin Spray should be stored in a secure and controlled environment, specifically in a cool and dry place, maintaining a temperature between 15-30°C (59-86°F). Protect the spray from direct sunlight, moisture, and heat sources like stoves or radiators, as these can degrade the medication's quality. Always keep the spray in its original packaging, ensuring the container is tightly sealed to prevent contamination. Regularly check the expiration date, and if the spray is past its expiry or no longer needed, proper disposal is crucial. Avoid pouring it down the drain or flushing it; instead, consult a pharmacist or healthcare professional for guidance on safe disposal methods. Lastly, ensure the medication is kept out of children's reach to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Indomethacin Spray:

• Wash your hands before using the spray to maintain hygiene.
• Follow the prescribed dosage and application instructions provided by your doctor.
• Shake the bottle gently before each use to ensure proper mixing.
• Spray the medication directly into the affected area, ensuring accurate application.
• Avoid spraying into eyes, nose, or mouth. Rinse thoroughly with water if contact occurs.
• Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one; continue with the regular schedule.
• Store the spray at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture.