EMIDOXIN INJ IG (CEFONICID NA)

Cefoxitin Injection, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, exerts its bactericidal effect by binding to and inhibiting essential penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in bacterial cell walls. This action disrupts the cross-linking of peptidoglycan strands, a crucial component of the bacterial cell wall, thereby weakening the cell wall structure. As a result, the bacterial cell becomes more susceptible to osmotic pressure, leading to cell lysis and death. Cefoxitin is particularly effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including some resistant strains, due to its ability to penetrate the bacterial cell wall and interfere with its synthesis.

Cefoxitin

Cephalosporin antibiotic

Injection

The following are the uses of Cefoxitin Injection:

• Used for treating serious bacterial infections such as abdominal infections, skin and skin structure infections, and gynecological infections.
• Used for surgical prophylaxis to prevent infections during high-risk surgeries.
• Used for the treatment of diabetic foot infections and other diabetic-related infections.
• Used for managing infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria.
• Used for empirical therapy in patients with neutropenic fever.
• Used for treating bone and joint infections caused by susceptible organisms.
• Used for the management of intra-abdominal infections in combination with other antibiotics.
• Used for the treatment of bacterial infections in patients with low immune responses.

In the case of an overdose of Cefoxitin Injection, symptoms may include gastrointestinal disturbances, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Other potential effects could involve the central nervous system, leading to dizziness, headache, and in severe cases, seizures. Prompt medical intervention is necessary to manage these symptoms, which may involve supportive care and monitoring of vital signs to ensure the patient's well-being and prevent potential complications from the excessive dosage.

In the case of a missed dose of Cefoxitin Injection, it is important to administer the medication as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular dosing schedule. However, do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you have any concerns or questions about missed doses, it is best to consult your healthcare professional for guidance, as they can provide specific instructions based on your individual treatment plan.

To administer Cefoxitin Injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol swab, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle, and inject the prescribed amount slowly, ensuring the entire dose is delivered, following the instructions provided by your healthcare professional.

Here are the conditions or situations when Cefoxitin Injection should not be used:

• Avoid if you have a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Cefoxitin or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
• Do not use if you have a history of severe allergic reactions to penicillin-type medications.
• Contraindicated in patients with a previous history of cholestatic jaundice/liver problems associated with Cefoxitin use.
• Not recommended for individuals with severe kidney impairment or uncontrolled kidney disease.
• Should not be administered if you have or are suspected of having infectious mononucleosis or lymphatic leukemia.
• Avoid using Cefoxitin if you have a history of gastrointestinal diseases, especially colitis, or severe diarrhea.
• Do not use if you have a history of seizures or conditions that increase the risk of seizures, as Cefoxitin may lower the seizure threshold.

The side effects of Cefoxitin Injection may include:

• Diarrhea
• Nausea and vomiting
• Skin rashes or itching
• Allergic reactions (hives, swelling, difficulty breathing)
• Vaginal itching or discharge
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Injection site reactions (pain, redness, swelling)
• Increased liver enzymes

Following are the precautions and warnings for Cefoxitin Injection:

• Cefoxitin is intended for intravenous or intramuscular use only and should not be administered orally or subcutaneously.
• Allergic reactions can occur; patients with a history of penicillin allergy or other drug allergies should be carefully monitored during treatment.
• Prolonged use may lead to the overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms, including fungi; appropriate measures should be taken if superinfection occurs.
• Cefoxitin should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment, and dosage adjustments may be necessary.
• It may cause false-positive results in certain urine glucose tests, so alternative methods of urine glucose testing should be considered.
• As with any antibiotic, prolonged use may result in the development of resistant bacteria, and periodic assessments of the patient's condition are recommended.
• Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below 2 months of age have not been established.

Following are the drug interactions for Cefoxitin Injection:

• Probenecid may decrease the excretion of cefoxitin, potentially increasing its blood levels and risk of side effects.
• Cefoxitin may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, so alternative contraception methods are recommended.
• Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides, diuretics) can increase the risk of kidney damage when used with cefoxitin.
• Cefoxitin may alter the effectiveness of anticoagulants like warfarin, requiring close monitoring of coagulation parameters.
• Drugs affecting the central nervous system, such as benzodiazepines, may have enhanced effects when used with cefoxitin.
• Cefoxitin may decrease the effectiveness of live attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine.
• It may reduce the efficacy of uterine oxytocic agents like oxytocin or ergometrine.

Following are the food interactions to be aware of with Cefoxitin Injection:

• Alcohol consumption should be avoided as it may lead to increased side effects like dizziness and gastrointestinal issues, and may potentially reduce the effectiveness of the medication.
• Cefoxitin may decrease the absorption of oral contraceptives, so alternative birth control methods are recommended during treatment.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they can inhibit the enzyme CYP3A4, potentially affecting the metabolism of Cefoxitin.
• Avoid high-fat meals as they may delay the absorption of Cefoxitin, leading to reduced effectiveness.
• Foods rich in calcium, like dairy products, and iron supplements can decrease the absorption of Cefoxitin, so it's best to separate them by at least 2 hours.
• Vitamin K-rich foods such as leafy greens should be consumed in moderation as Cefoxitin may decrease the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.
• Probiotics and yogurt can help restore healthy gut bacteria that may be disrupted by Cefoxitin.

Cefoxitin Injection should be stored properly to maintain its potency and ensure safe usage. Keep the injection vials in a cool, dry place, preferably at room temperature, away from direct exposure to sunlight and moisture. Protect the vials from freezing temperatures as it may affect the medication's integrity. Always store the medication in its original packaging, ensuring the seal is intact to prevent contamination. Regularly check the expiration date, and discard any unused or expired injections according to local pharmaceutical waste guidelines. Do not dispose of Cefoxitin Injection by flushing or pouring it down the drain; consult a pharmacist or healthcare professional for appropriate disposal methods. Keep the medication securely locked away from children to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Cefoxitin Injection:

• Cefoxitin Injection is typically administered by trained medical professionals in a clinical setting.
• Ensure that the injection is prepared and administered under aseptic conditions to prevent contamination.
• Verify the patient's identity and cross-check the medication details before administration.
• Inject the medication slowly as directed, following the prescribed dosage and administration guidelines.
• Dispose of used needles and syringes safely in designated sharps containers.
• If you experience any discomfort or pain during the injection, inform your healthcare provider immediately.
• Report any signs of allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, or difficulty breathing, to your doctor promptly.