ENGERIX B 20MCG INJ (ADULT)

The hepatitis B vaccine injection works by stimulating the body's immune system to produce a protective response against the hepatitis B virus (HBV). It contains non-infectious viral components, typically derived from the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus, known as hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). When the vaccine is administered, these viral components are recognized by the immune system as foreign invaders. In response, the body generates antibodies specifically targeted against the HBsAg. These antibodies can neutralize and eliminate the hepatitis B virus if a vaccinated individual is exposed to it in the future. Additionally, the vaccine promotes the development of memory cells, ensuring a rapid and robust immune response upon any subsequent encounter with the virus, thus providing long-lasting protection against HBV infection.

Hepatitis B Vaccine

Hepatitis B vaccine.

injection

The following are the uses of Hepatitis B Vaxine Injection:

• Used for preventing Hepatitis B, a serious liver infection.
• Used for long-term protection against the virus, especially for at-risk individuals.
• Used for infants and children to provide immunity early in life.
• Used for travelers to regions with high Hepatitis B prevalence.
• Used for individuals with chronic liver conditions to prevent further damage.
• Used for pre-exposure prophylaxis in high-risk situations.

In the case of an overdose of the Hepatitis B Vaxine Injection, it is important to remain calm and seek medical advice promptly. While the vaccine is generally safe, an overdose may lead to temporary side effects such as fatigue, headache, or mild fever. However, these symptoms are typically short-lived and resolve on their own. It is advisable to contact a healthcare professional for guidance and to determine the best course of action, which may involve monitoring and supportive care.

In the case of a missed dose of the Hepatitis B Vaccine, it is important to consult your healthcare provider as soon as possible. They will guide you on the appropriate course of action. Typically, the missed dose should be administered as soon as you remember, and the remaining doses should be rescheduled accordingly. However, the specific instructions may vary depending on the timing of the missed dose and the vaccine brand. Your healthcare provider will determine the best approach to ensure the vaccine's effectiveness.

To administer the Hepatitis B vaccine injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol swab, insert the needle at a 45-degree angle into the muscle, inject the vaccine slowly, and then withdraw the needle while applying pressure with a sterile gauze pad to prevent bleeding.

Following are the conditions or circumstances when Hepatitis B Vaccine Injection should not be administered:

• Not recommended for individuals with a history of severe allergic reactions to any component of the vaccine, including yeast or any other ingredient.
• Contraindicated in individuals who have shown a serious allergic reaction to a previous dose of the hepatitis B vaccine.
• Should not be used in individuals with a severe illness or acute fever. It is advisable to postpone the vaccination until the illness has resolved.
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of hypersensitivity or severe allergic reactions to other vaccines.
• Not recommended for individuals with a compromised immune system, such as those with HIV/AIDS, cancer, or undergoing immunosuppressive therapy.
• Should not be administered to individuals with a history of chronic liver disease or liver failure, as the vaccine's effectiveness may be reduced.
• Contraindicated in individuals with a known or suspected allergy to baker's yeast (used in the vaccine production process).
• Not suitable for newborns or infants born to mothers who are hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive, as they should receive specific guidance and treatment.

The possible side effects of Hepatitis B Vaccine Injection are:

• Soreness or redness at the injection site
• Mild fever
• Fatigue and weakness
• Headache
• Nausea and vomiting
• Joint or muscle pain
• Loss of appetite
• Allergic reactions (rarely) such as rash, itching, or difficulty breathing

Following are the precautions and warnings:

• Hepatitis B vaccine should not be administered to individuals with a history of severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) to any component of the vaccine or to a previous dose of the vaccine.
• It is important to inform the healthcare provider about any allergies or medical conditions before receiving the vaccine.
• If you have a weakened immune system due to HIV/AIDS, cancer, or other medical conditions, the vaccine's effectiveness may be limited.
• Mild fever and soreness at the injection site are common after vaccination, but severe allergic reactions are rare. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience difficulty breathing, hives, or dizziness.
• Pregnant women should consult their healthcare provider before receiving the vaccine, as it is typically only recommended during pregnancy if the benefits outweigh the risks.
• This vaccine is usually not given to individuals with moderate or severe acute illnesses. It's best to wait until recovery before vaccination.
• Ensure that the vaccine is administered by trained healthcare personnel who can recognize and manage potential allergic reactions.

Following are the drug interactions for Hepatitis B Vaccine Injection:

• Concomitant use with other vaccines at the same injection site may interfere with the immune response; separate injection sites and limbs are recommended.
• Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) can be administered with the vaccine but at different injection sites to ensure full efficacy of both.
• Immunosuppressants and antineoplastic agents may reduce the immune response to the vaccine.
• Corticosteroids, when used in high doses or for prolonged periods, can suppress the immune system and potentially reduce vaccine effectiveness.
• Immunomodulators like methotrexate, azathioprine, or cyclosporine might decrease the immune response to the vaccine.
• Anticonvulsants such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, or carbamazepine can lower vaccine efficacy.
• Antimalarials, especially chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, may interfere with the immune response to the vaccine.

Following are the food interactions with Hepatitis B Vaccine Injection:

• Alcohol consumption should be avoided after vaccination as it may reduce the immune response and potentially interfere with the vaccine's effectiveness.
• There are no specific food restrictions associated with the Hepatitis B vaccine, and you can generally maintain your regular diet.
• Eating a balanced diet rich in nutrients can support your immune system and aid in vaccine response.
• Staying hydrated by drinking adequate water is recommended before and after vaccination.
• Avoid consuming excessive amounts of sugar-loaded foods as they can impact your immune system's function.
• There is no need to fast or follow a special diet before or after receiving the Hepatitis B vaccine.
• Maintain a healthy diet to support overall well-being during the vaccination process.
• No known food interactions have been reported to significantly affect the vaccine's absorption or efficacy.

The Hepatitis B Vaccine Injection should be stored and disposed of carefully to maintain its efficacy and ensure safety. Store the vaccine in a refrigerator at a temperature between 2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F), but do not freeze it as freezing will render it ineffective. Protect the vaccine from light and keep it in its original packaging until ready for use. Once opened, the vaccine should be used within a specified time frame, typically a few hours, and any unused portions should be discarded. Disposal should be done responsibly; do not throw away or flush the vaccine down the toilet. Contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance on proper disposal methods to ensure that it does not harm the environment or pose a risk to others. Keep the vaccine out of children's reach to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Hepatitis B Vaccine Injection:

• Ensure you complete the full course of the vaccine as advised by your doctor.
• This vaccine is typically given as a series of 2, 3, or 4 doses over a period of time.
• Keep a record of your vaccination dates and schedule your next dose accordingly.
• Inform your doctor if you have any bleeding disorders or are on blood-thinning medications.
• In case of fever, mild pain, or swelling at the injection site, apply a cool compress.
• Seek immediate medical attention if you experience severe allergic reactions like difficulty breathing.
• Store the vaccine as directed and protect it from light and extreme temperatures.