Ethomid (250mg) 30 Tablets

Ethionamide 250mg Tablet primarily acts as a prodrug, meaning it is metabolized by the body into its active form, which is thought to interfere with the synthesis of mycolic acids, a key component of the cell wall in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis. It achieves this by inhibiting the enzyme mycolic acid synthase, thereby disrupting the integrity of the bacterial cell wall. This interference leads to the leakage of essential cellular components, ultimately resulting in the death of the mycobacteria.

Ethionamide 250mg

Antitubercular

Tablet

The following are the uses of Ethionamide 250mg Tablet:

• Used for treating tuberculosis (TB), particularly in cases where the bacteria have developed resistance to other medications.
• Used for controlling the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria causing TB.
• Used for managing active pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB, often in combination with other anti-TB drugs.
• Used for preventing the spread of TB by reducing the bacterial load in the body.
• Used for improving lung function and reducing symptoms associated with TB, such as coughing and chest pain.
• Used for enhancing the effectiveness of TB treatment regimens, especially in patients with multidrug-resistant TB.
• Used for supporting the overall health and recovery of individuals undergoing TB treatment.

In the case of an overdose of Ethionamide 250mg Tablets, the severity of symptoms can vary. Common signs may include gastrointestinal issues like nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. More serious effects could lead to neurological symptoms such as seizures, confusion, or even loss of consciousness. Prompt medical intervention is vital, and individuals should seek professional advice on managing any potential complications arising from the overdose. Timely treatment can significantly reduce the risk of long-term health consequences.

In the case of a missed dose of Ethionamide 250mg Tablet, it is important to take the medication as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed one. It is recommended to maintain a consistent medication routine, but if you frequently miss doses, consult your healthcare provider for advice on how to improve adherence and ensure the effectiveness of the treatment.

To take Ethionamide 250mg Tablet, swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water, preferably on an empty stomach, exactly as prescribed by your healthcare professional, typically 1 to 3 times a day.

Here are the conditions and situations when Ethionamide 250mg Tablet should not be used:

• Avoid using this medication if you have a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Ethionamide or any of its components.
• Not recommended for individuals with severe liver disease or active liver disorders.
• Should not be taken by patients with a history of optic neuritis (inflammation of the optic nerve).
• Contraindicated in patients with severe kidney impairment or end-stage renal disease.
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of severe psychiatric disorders or psychotic episodes.
• Avoid using this medication if you have a history of alcohol abuse or severe diabetes.
• Do not use Ethionamide if you have a condition called acute porphyria (a disorder affecting the nervous system and skin).
• Not recommended for individuals with a history of seizures or epilepsy.

The side effects of Ethionamide 250mg Tablet may include:

• Gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
• Loss of appetite and weight loss.
• Skin reactions like rashes, itching, or skin discoloration.
• Headache, dizziness, and peripheral neuropathy.
• Joint and muscle pain.
• Fatigue and weakness.
• Visual disturbances, including changes in color vision.
• Increased liver enzymes and liver damage.

Following are the precautions and warnings for Ethionamide 250mg Tablet:

• This medication should be used with caution in patients with liver or kidney disease, as it can affect these organs. Regular monitoring of liver and kidney function is necessary during treatment.
• Ethionamide may cause neurological side effects, including peripheral neuropathy. Patients should be advised to report any symptoms like tingling, numbness, or weakness in the hands or feet immediately.
• Regular eye examinations are recommended during treatment, as ethionamide can cause eye problems such as optic neuritis and blurred vision.
• Patients with a history of mental health issues should be closely monitored, as this medication may cause psychiatric side effects such as depression, anxiety, or psychosis.
• Ethionamide can cause hypothyroidism. Thyroid function tests should be performed before and during treatment, especially in patients with pre-existing thyroid disorders.
• It is important to maintain adequate fluid intake and stay hydrated while taking this medication to reduce the risk of kidney stones.
• Ethionamide may cause gastrointestinal side effects; patients should be advised to take the medication with food to minimize these effects.
• This medication should not be used in patients with a known allergy to ethionamide or similar drugs.

Following are the drug interactions for Ethionamide 250mg Tablet:

• Alcohol consumption should be avoided as it may increase the risk of liver toxicity.
• Ethionamide may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, requiring alternative birth control methods.
• It can reduce the plasma levels of antiretroviral drugs like efavirenz, nevirapine, and lopinavir/ritonavir, potentially impacting HIV treatment.
• Rifampicin may lower ethionamide levels, requiring careful monitoring and dosage adjustments.
• Concomitant use with isoniazid can increase the risk of peripheral neuropathy.
• Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) may be recommended to prevent ethionamide-induced pyridoxine deficiency and associated neurological side effects.
• Cycloserine and ethionamide together may increase the risk of seizures, requiring close monitoring.

Following are the food interactions for Ethionamide 250mg Tablet:

• Alcohol consumption should be avoided as it may increase the risk of liver problems and worsen side effects.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they can affect the metabolism of Ethionamide, potentially leading to increased drug levels in the body.
• High-fat meals may delay the absorption of Ethionamide, so it is recommended to take the medication on an empty stomach or as directed by your healthcare provider.
• Avoid tyramine-rich foods like aged cheeses, cured meats, and certain types of beer, as Ethionamide can increase tyramine levels, potentially causing high blood pressure.
• Limit vitamin-rich foods like liver, yeast extracts, and supplements, as Ethionamide may increase vitamin absorption, leading to potential vitamin toxicity.
• Avoid or limit caffeine intake, as it can increase the risk of nervous system side effects associated with Ethionamide.
• Ensure adequate fluid intake to reduce the risk of kidney stones, as Ethionamide can increase the risk of uric acid stone formation.
• Inform your healthcare provider about any dietary supplements or herbal products you are taking, as some may interact with Ethionamide.

Ethionamide 250mg Tablets should be stored in a secure and dry location, preferably in a medicine cabinet or similar storage area. It is crucial to keep the tablets in their original container, tightly sealed, to maintain their integrity and prevent exposure to moisture. Avoid placing the medication in areas with high humidity, such as bathrooms, as this can compromise its effectiveness. To ensure safety, keep the tablets out of the reach of children and pets. When disposing of unused or expired tablets, do not throw them in the trash or flush them down the toilet. Instead, follow local guidelines for pharmaceutical waste disposal or consult a pharmacist who can provide appropriate instructions for safe disposal, ensuring that the medication does not harm the environment.

Following are the quick tips for Ethionamide 250mg Tablet:

• Consult your doctor for dosage and duration as it varies with individual needs.
• Ensure you complete the full course of medication as prescribed.
• Take the tablet with or after meals to prevent stomach upset.
• Swallow the tablet whole without crushing or chewing for best results.
• Maintain a healthy diet and drink plenty of fluids while on this medication.
• Regularly monitor your liver function and blood tests as advised by your doctor.
• Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions.