Etizem SR (90mg) 20 Capsules

Diltiazem, a medication found in 90mg capsules, is a calcium channel blocker primarily employed to manage cardiovascular conditions. Its mechanism of action involves blocking calcium channels in the heart and blood vessels. By inhibiting these channels, diltiazem reduces the influx of calcium ions into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells, leading to relaxation. This relaxation results in reduced heart rate, decreased contractility, and a drop in blood pressure. Consequently, it enhances blood flow, easing the heart's workload and lessening the risk of cardiovascular complications. The drug's selectivity for vascular calcium channels contributes to its effectiveness in managing hypertension and angina.

Diltiazem 90mg

Calcium channel blocker.

Capsule

The following are the uses of Diltiazem 90mg Capsule:

• Used for managing high blood pressure, helping to lower and control hypertension.
• Used for treating angina, providing relief from chest pain and reducing the frequency of angina attacks.
• Used for controlling irregular heart rhythms, helping to regulate the heartbeat and prevent arrhythmias.
• Used for treating migraines, as it can help reduce the severity and frequency of migraine attacks.
• Used for Raynaud's phenomenon, improving blood circulation and reducing the severity of symptoms.
• Used for preventing preterm labor in pregnant women by relaxing uterine contractions.
• Used for managing certain heart conditions, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, to improve heart function.
• Used for treating specific types of tremors, helping to reduce trembling and improve motor control.

In the case of an overdose of Diltiazem 90mg Capsules, immediate medical intervention is necessary. Symptoms may include a severe drop in blood pressure, irregular heartbeat, and dizziness. Prompt action should be taken, including contacting a healthcare professional or a poison control center for guidance. They will provide specific instructions for managing the overdose, which may include monitoring vital signs and administering appropriate treatment to counteract the medication's effects.

In the case of a missed dose of Diltiazem 90mg Capsule, it is important to take the medication as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, it is best to skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Avoid doubling the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to safely resume your medication. It is crucial to maintain a consistent dosing routine for the best therapeutic effect.

To take Diltiazem 90mg Capsule, swallow the capsule whole with a full glass of water, preferably at the same time each day, following the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare professional, typically once or twice daily as directed.

Here is a list of conditions or situations when Diltiazem 90mg Capsule should not be used:

• Should not be used in individuals with a known allergy to Diltiazem or calcium channel blockers.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe low blood pressure (hypotension).
• Not suitable for individuals with severe heart conditions, such as sick sinus syndrome or second• or third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block.
• Should not be used in patients with severe liver disease or impaired liver function.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe kidney disease or impaired kidney function.
• Not recommended for individuals with a history of heart block or severe bradycardia (slow heart rate).
• Should be avoided in patients with acute heart failure or unstable angina.
• Contraindicated during breastfeeding as Diltiazem may pass into breast milk.
• Not suitable for patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome.

The side effects of Diltiazem 90mg Capsule may include:

• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Fatigue or weakness
• Headache
• Nausea or vomiting
• Constipation
• Slow heart rate (bradycardia)
• Swelling in the legs or ankles
• Skin rashes or itching

Following are the precautions and warnings for Diltiazem 90mg Capsule:

• Do not take this medication if you have a known allergy to Diltiazem or any other calcium channel blockers.
• Patients with liver or kidney disease should use with caution as it may require dosage adjustments.
• Diltiazem can cause dizziness and lightheadedness, so caution is advised when performing activities that require mental alertness.
• Avoid consuming alcohol while on this medication as it may increase the risk of side effects.
• Patients with heart conditions, such as sick sinus syndrome or AV block, should use it with caution and under medical supervision.
• Elderly patients may be more sensitive to the effects of Diltiazem, so close monitoring is necessary.
• Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding before taking this medication.

Following are the drug interactions for Diltiazem 90mg Capsule:

• Concomitant use with beta-blockers can lead to excessive bradycardia and hypotension, especially in patients with heart block or sinus node dysfunction.
• Combining with digoxin may increase digoxin levels, requiring close monitoring of digoxin concentrations.
• Diltiazem can increase the plasma concentrations of statins, potentially raising the risk of statin-related adverse effects.
• The drug may interact with CYP3A4 substrates, as it is a potent inhibitor of this enzyme, leading to increased levels of these medications.
• Antihypertensive effects may be enhanced when used with other blood pressure-lowering agents, increasing the risk of hypotension.
• Rifampin, a CYP3A4 inducer, can decrease diltiazem levels, potentially reducing its effectiveness.
• The use of diltiazem with amiodarone may increase the risk of bradycardia and AV block.

Following are the food interactions for Diltiazem 90mg Capsule:

• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed cautiously as they can increase the blood levels of Diltiazem, potentially leading to increased side effects and toxicity.
• Alcohol may cause excessive drowsiness and dizziness when combined with Diltiazem, so it's advisable to limit alcohol consumption or avoid it altogether.
• High-fat meals can slightly delay the absorption of Diltiazem, but this effect is not clinically significant and does not require any specific dietary adjustments.
• Caffeine-rich foods and beverages may interact with Diltiazem, potentially causing increased heart rate and blood pressure. It's best to moderate caffeine intake.
• Foods rich in potassium, like bananas and oranges, should be consumed in moderation as Diltiazem can lead to potassium retention, affecting heart rhythm.
• Avoid excessive salt intake, as Diltiazem may cause sodium retention, leading to fluid retention and increased blood pressure.
• Consuming leafy green vegetables and dairy products, rich in calcium, should be monitored as Diltiazem can increase calcium levels in the blood.
• Always follow the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare professional, and consult them regarding any specific dietary adjustments or restrictions.

Diltiazem 90mg capsules should be stored in a cool and dry place, preferably at room temperature, ensuring protection from light and moisture. Keep the medication in its original container, tightly sealed, to maintain its integrity and prevent contamination. Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures, including freezing conditions, and never store it in the bathroom or near heat sources. It is crucial to adhere to the expiration date on the packaging, and if the medication is no longer needed or has expired, proper disposal is essential. Contact your pharmacist or healthcare provider for guidance on safe disposal methods, and keep the medication away from children to prevent accidental ingestion. Never throw it into the trash or pour it down the drain without proper consultation.

Following are the quick tips for Diltiazem 90mg Capsule:

• Swallow the capsule whole with a full glass of water, preferably at the same time each day.
• Take the capsule as directed by your doctor, usually 3-4 times a day with meals.
• Do not crush, chew, or open the capsule as it may affect the drug's release.
• If you have difficulty swallowing, ask your pharmacist for advice on alternative formulations.
• Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice as they can increase the drug's effects.
• Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to prevent potential interactions.
• Store the capsules in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture.