EXELON 4.5MG CAP 28S

Rivastigmine 4.5mg capsules exert their therapeutic effects primarily through the inhibition of two enzymes acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. By inhibiting these enzymes, rivastigmine increases the levels of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter, in the brain. This elevation in acetylcholine helps compensate for the loss of cholinergic neurons, which is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. Specifically, rivastigmine binds reversibly to the active sites of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, thereby slowing the breakdown of acetylcholine. This results in enhanced cholinergic function, improved cognitive function, and potentially slowed progression of cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.

Cholinesterase inhibitor

Capsule

The following are the uses of Rivastigmine 4.5mg Capsule:

• Used for treating mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.
• Used to improve cognitive function and memory.
• Used to manage symptoms of dementia.
• Used to enhance daily living activities in dementia patients.
• Used for slowing down the progression of Alzheimer's symptoms.
• Used to improve attention and language abilities.
• Used for overall cognitive and behavioral symptom management.

In the case of an overdose of Rivastigmine 4.5mg Capsules, the patient may experience severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and dizziness. The severity of symptoms can range from mild to life-threatening, including seizures and difficulty breathing. It is crucial to seek immediate medical assistance and inform healthcare professionals about the suspected overdose. Prompt action can help manage symptoms and prevent potential complications from this medication.

In the case of a missed dose of Rivastigmine 4.5mg Capsule, it is recommended to take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to safely resume your medication regimen. It is important to maintain a consistent dosing schedule for this medication, but don't worry if you occasionally miss a dose.

To take Rivastigmine 4.5mg Capsule, swallow the capsule whole with a full glass of water, preferably at the same time each day, following the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare professional, who will determine the appropriate dosage and duration of treatment based on your medical condition and response to the medication.

Following are the conditions/situations when Rivastigmine 4.5mg Capsule should not be used:

• Should not be taken by individuals with a known allergy to Rivastigmine or other similar medications.
• Not suitable for individuals with severe liver impairment.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe kidney disease.
• Should not be used in individuals with a history of peptic ulcer disease.
• Not recommended for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
• Avoid using if you have a history of asthma or severe breathing problems.
• Do not administer if you have a slow heart rate (bradycardia).
• Should not be given to individuals with a history of seizures or epilepsy.
• Contraindicated during breastfeeding.

The side effects of Rivastigmine 4.5mg Capsule may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Headaches
• Increased sweating

Following are the precautions and warnings for Rivastigmine 4.5mg Capsule:

• Not suitable for individuals with a known hypersensitivity or allergy to Rivastigmine or other similar medications.
• Requires close monitoring for patients with a history of gastrointestinal issues like peptic ulcer, as it may exacerbate these conditions.
• Patients with a history of cardiac disorders, especially bradycardia or sick sinus syndrome, should be monitored regularly as it can affect heart rate.
• Those with respiratory issues like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should exercise caution as it may worsen respiratory function.
• May cause dizziness or drowsiness, so patients should avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
• Not recommended for pregnant women unless clearly needed and prescribed by a healthcare professional.
• Breastfeeding women should consult their doctor as Rivastigmine may pass into breast milk and potentially affect the nursing infant.

Following are the drug interactions for Rivastigmine 4.5mg Capsule:

• Anticholinergic medications like atropine, glycopyrrolate, or certain antihistamines may reduce the effectiveness of Rivastigmine.
• Rivastigmine can increase the effects of cholinergic medications, such as pyridostigmine, potentially leading to increased side effects.
• Concomitant use with other cholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., donepezil, galantamine) may result in additive cholinergic effects and increased side effects.
• The effects of succinylcholine, a muscle relaxant, may be prolonged when used with Rivastigmine.
• Rivastigmine may enhance the effects of beta-blockers, particularly on heart rate and blood pressure.
• Caution is advised when combining Rivastigmine with medications that affect the cardiovascular system, as it may lead to bradycardia or hypotension.
• Rivastigmine may interact with certain anti-Parkinson's medications, such as levodopa, potentially affecting their effectiveness.

Following are the food interactions for Rivastigmine 4.5mg Capsule:

• Avoid consuming large amounts of grapefruit or grapefruit juice as it may increase the concentration of the drug in the blood, leading to potential side effects.
• Alcohol consumption should be limited or avoided as it can intensify the drug's side effects, including dizziness and drowsiness.
• Fatty or high-fat meals can affect the absorption of Rivastigmine, so it is best to take the medication on an empty stomach or with a light meal.
• Caffeine intake should be monitored as it may exacerbate nervous system side effects like tremors or anxiety.
• Avoid consuming foods that are highly acidic, such as citrus fruits or tomatoes, as they can sometimes irritate the stomach and affect the drug's absorption.
• Maintain a balanced diet to support overall health, ensuring adequate hydration and nutrition, especially for individuals with dementia or Alzheimer's disease.
• Certain herbal supplements like St. John's Wort may interact with Rivastigmine, so it's advisable to consult a healthcare professional before taking any herbal remedies.
• Always follow the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare provider to minimize the risk of food-drug interactions.

Rivastigmine 4.5mg capsules should be stored in a secure and dry location, preferably in a medicine cabinet, away from direct sunlight, moisture, and extreme temperatures. Keep the capsules in their original packaging, ensuring the container is tightly sealed to maintain its integrity. It is crucial to check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication. Do not flush the capsules down the toilet or sink; instead, contact your pharmacist or healthcare professional for guidance on safe disposal methods. Always keep the medication out of children's reach to prevent accidental consumption, and ensure that it is stored in a child-resistant container. Proper storage and disposal practices are essential to maintain the effectiveness of the medication and ensure the safety of those around you.

Following are the quick tips for Rivastigmine 4.5mg Capsule:

• Consult your doctor before use, especially if you have any underlying health conditions.
• Take the capsule as directed by your physician; do not change the dosage without medical advice.
• Swallow the capsule whole with a full glass of water; do not crush or chew.
• Take it at the same time each day to maintain consistent levels.
• If you experience nausea, taking the capsule with food may help.
• Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how the medication affects you.
• Store the capsules in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.