Flamcast (30mg/ml) 5 Ampoule Infusion

Ketorolac tromethamine, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), exerts its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. It primarily targets cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, particularly COX-1 and COX-2, which are involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2, a precursor to various prostaglandins and thromboxanes. By blocking this pathway, ketorolac tromethamine reduces the production of prostaglandins, which are mediators of pain and inflammation. This mechanism helps alleviate pain, decrease inflammation, and provide the desired therapeutic effects without delving into routes of administration or specific uses.

Ketorolac Tromethamine

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)

Infusion

The following are the uses of Ketorolac Tromethamine Infusion:

• Used for the short-term relief of moderate to severe acute pain, especially postoperative pain.
• Used in clinical settings to manage pain that requires opioid-level relief.
• Used as an alternative to IV opioids, providing effective pain control with reduced respiratory depression risk.
• Used in cases where immediate pain relief is necessary, such as in renal colic or migraine attacks.
• Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
• Used as a part of multimodal analgesia, often combined with opioids to reduce the dosage of opioids required.
• Used to manage pain and inflammation after major dental procedures or oral surgeries.

In the case of an overdose of Ketorolac Tromethamine Infusion, immediate medical intervention is necessary. The signs of overdose may include severe drowsiness, difficulty breathing, or loss of consciousness. Prompt action should be taken to seek emergency medical care, where healthcare professionals can provide appropriate treatment and support to manage the overdose. Timely response and medical supervision are crucial in such situations to prevent potential complications.

In the case of a missed dose of Ketorolac Tromethamine Infusion, it is important to administer the medication as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. However, do not double the dose to make up for the missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. Always inform your healthcare provider about any missed doses to ensure proper management of your treatment plan.

To administer Ketorolac Tromethamine Infusion, prepare the intravenous line, ensure proper dilution with a compatible solution, and infuse the medication slowly over a period of 15 to 30 minutes, following the prescribed dosage and duration as directed by your healthcare professional.

Following are the conditions/situations when Ketorolac Tromethamine Infusion should not be used:

• Should not be used in individuals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Ketorolac, aspirin, or other NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs).
• Contraindicated in patients with active peptic ulcer or gastrointestinal bleeding.
• Not recommended for individuals with severe kidney disease or those at risk of renal impairment.
• Should not be used in patients with severe heart-related conditions, such as heart failure or significantly elevated blood pressure.
• Contraindicated in women in the third trimester of pregnancy due to potential harm to the fetus.
• Not suitable for patients with bleeding disorders or those on anticoagulant therapy.
• Should be avoided in individuals with a history of asthma or severe allergic reactions triggered by NSAIDs.
• Contraindicated in patients with recent or upcoming heart bypass surgery (coronary artery bypass graft surgery).
• Not recommended for long-term use due to potential increased risk of side effects.

The side effects of Ketorolac Tromethamine Infusion may include:

• Stomach pain or upset
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dizziness or vertigo
• Headaches
• Increased blood pressure
• Skin rash or itching
• Kidney problems (decreased urine output)
• Bleeding or bruising easily

Following are the precautions and warnings for Ketorolac Tromethamine Infusion:

• Not recommended for long-term use due to potential risks of gastrointestinal bleeding and kidney damage.
• Patients with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcers, or kidney disease should use with caution and under close medical supervision.
• Elderly patients may be more susceptible to side effects, particularly kidney-related issues.
• Not recommended for individuals with a history of allergic reactions to NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs).
• May cause dizziness or drowsiness; patients should avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
• Should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, as it may increase the risk of heart attack or stroke.
• Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult their doctor before using this medication, as it may have potential risks for the fetus and infant.
• Always inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking to avoid potential drug interactions.

Following are the drug interactions for Ketorolac Tromethamine Infusion:

• Aspirin or other NSAIDs can increase the risk of bleeding and gastrointestinal toxicity when used with Ketorolac.
• Probenecid can increase the concentration of Ketorolac, potentially enhancing its effects and side effects.
• Lithium levels may be increased by Ketorolac, requiring close monitoring of lithium levels.
• Anticoagulants like warfarin may have their effects potentiated, increasing the risk of bleeding.
• Ketorolac may reduce the effectiveness of diuretics, particularly loop diuretics.
• ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may have decreased effectiveness when used with Ketorolac.
• The use of Ketorolac with other nephrotoxic drugs can increase the risk of kidney damage.

Following are the food interactions for Ketorolac Tromethamine Infusion:

• Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice as they may increase Ketorolac levels in the blood, potentially leading to an increased risk of side effects, particularly on the kidneys and cardiovascular system.
• Alcohol consumption should be minimized or avoided as it can increase the risk of stomach bleeding and liver-related issues when combined with Ketorolac.
• Ketorolac may decrease the blood flow to the stomach, making it more sensitive, so avoid spicy, acidic, or irritating foods that can worsen stomach irritation.
• Foods high in sodium and potassium should be consumed with caution as Ketorolac can affect kidney function, which plays a role in maintaining electrolyte balance.
• Avoid caffeine or limit its intake as it may increase the risk of side effects, particularly nervous system stimulation and cardiovascular effects.
• Ketorolac may be taken with or without food, but a light meal is recommended to minimize stomach upset.
• Always follow the advice of your healthcare provider regarding dietary restrictions or recommendations during Ketorolac treatment.

Ketorolac Tromethamine Infusion storage and disposal should be handled with care to maintain its integrity and ensure safety. Store the infusion in a controlled environment, preferably at room temperature between 20-25°C (68-77°F), away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep the infusion in its original packaging, tightly sealed, to prevent contamination and maintain its sterility. Check the expiration date regularly, and dispose of any expired or unused infusions promptly. Do not pour the medication down the drain or flush it; instead, follow local guidelines for pharmaceutical waste disposal or consult a healthcare professional for guidance on safe disposal methods. Keep the medication away from children and pets to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Ketorolac Tromethamine Infusion:

• Administer the infusion as directed by your physician or healthcare professional.
• Ensure the infusion is prepared and administered by trained medical staff.
• Check the infusion bag for any discoloration or particles before use.
• Verify the patient's identity and cross-check medication details to ensure accuracy.
• Infuse slowly as directed; do not rush the process.
• Monitor the patient's vital signs during and after the infusion.
• Report any adverse reactions or unusual symptoms immediately.