Flazol (500mg/100ml) 1 Infusion/Injection

Metronidazole 500MG, when administered parenterally, exerts its therapeutic effects primarily through its active metabolites. These metabolites interfere with the DNA structure and function of susceptible anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa. The mechanism involves the reduction of the nitro group of metronidazole within the organism, generating reactive intermediates that bind to DNA and disrupt its helical structure. This disruption inhibits nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately leading to the death of the targeted microorganisms. Specifically, metronidazole impairs DNA synthesis by inhibiting bacterial enzyme systems, particularly affecting DNA helicase, causing a loss of DNA helical structure and function. This action is selective for anaerobic bacteria and protozoa due to their reduced metabolic environment, which facilitates the activation of metronidazole and the production of cytotoxic effects.

Antiprotozoal/Antibacterial (nitroimidazole derivative)

Injection

The following are the uses of Metronidazole 500MG Injection:

• Used for treating abdominal infections like peritonitis and intra-abdominal sepsis.
• Used for managing brain infections such as meningitis and encephalitis.
• Used for controlling skin and soft tissue infections, including cellulitis and abscesses.
• Used for addressing bone and joint infections, particularly in cases of osteomyelitis.
• Used for managing pelvic inflammatory disease and other genital tract infections.
• Used for treating severe anaerobic bacterial infections.
• Used for controlling certain parasitic infections, including Giardia and Trichomonas.
• Used for adjunct therapy in specific surgical procedures to prevent infection.

This medicine is available in the form of tablets, gel, vaginal gel, cream, or suspension. Follow these dosage instructions carefully:

• Use the medicine as per your doctor’s recommendation.
• The dosage is dependent on the age, condition, and severity.

In the case of an overdose of Metronidazole 500MG Injection, individuals may experience symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and a general feeling of discomfort. It is important to seek medical advice promptly if an overdose is suspected. The healthcare provider may recommend supportive measures such as monitoring vital signs, providing intravenous fluids, and ensuring the patient's comfort. Prompt recognition and appropriate medical intervention are crucial in managing potential complications associated with overdoses of this medication.

In the case of a missed dose of Metronidazole 500MG Injection, it is important to take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance, especially if you are experiencing symptoms or if the medication is for a serious infection. It is advisable to set reminders or alarms to help you remember to take your medication on time.

To administer Metronidazole 500MG Injection, prepare the injection site by cleaning it with an alcohol swab, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle, and slowly inject the entire contents of the vial intramuscularly or intravenously as directed by your healthcare professional.

Here are the circumstances under which Metronidazole 500MG Injection should not be administered:

• Must not be used in patients with a known allergy to Metronidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives.
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of blood disorders or severe liver disease.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe kidney disease or those on dialysis.
• Should not be used during the first trimester of pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
• Avoid in patients with a history of seizures or neurological disorders.
• Not recommended for individuals with a history of severe gastrointestinal diseases.

The side effects of Metronidazole 500MG Injection may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Loss of appetite
• Metallic taste in the mouth
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Peripheral neuropathy (numbness or tingling in hands and feet)
• Darkening of urine

Following are the precautions and warnings for Metronidazole 500MG Injection:

• Not recommended for individuals with a known hypersensitivity or severe allergic reactions to Metronidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives.
• Avoid alcohol consumption during and at least 24 hours after treatment to prevent severe side effects.
• Use with caution in patients with a history of blood disorders, as it may affect blood cell counts.
• Patients with liver or kidney disease should be monitored regularly, as dosage adjustments may be necessary.
• Metronidazole may cause central nervous system side effects like dizziness and seizures; caution is advised when performing tasks requiring alertness.
• Elderly patients may be more susceptible to the side effects of this medication, particularly neurologic side effects.
• Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult their doctor, as Metronidazole may be passed into breast milk and could potentially harm the fetus or infant.
• This medication should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Following are the drug interactions for Metronidazole 500MG Injection:

• Alcohol consumption should be avoided as it can cause a disulfiram-like reaction with symptoms like nausea, vomiting, flushing, and headaches.
• Concomitant use with warfarin may enhance the anticoagulant effect, requiring close monitoring of prothrombin time.
• It can interact with lithium, increasing lithium levels and the risk of lithium toxicity.
• Phenytoin levels may be reduced, potentially decreasing its effectiveness.
• The effectiveness of oral contraceptives may be reduced, requiring additional contraception methods.
• Busulfan toxicity can be increased when used together.
• Drugs metabolized by the liver, such as cyclosporine, may have altered blood levels, requiring monitoring.

Following are the food interactions for Metronidazole 500MG Injection:

• Avoid consuming alcohol during and at least 24 hours after the last dose of Metronidazole as it can cause a severe reaction resulting in symptoms like nausea, vomiting, flushing, headache, and increased heart rate.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be avoided as they may interfere with the metabolism of Metronidazole, leading to increased drug levels in the body and potential side effects.
• Limit or avoid caffeine-containing products as Metronidazole may increase caffeine levels in the body, causing jitteriness and sleep problems.
• Avoid high-fat meals as they may delay the absorption of Metronidazole, potentially affecting its effectiveness.
• Dairy products should be consumed with caution as Metronidazole may reduce the levels of beneficial bacteria in the gut, impacting the digestion of dairy.
• Avoid consuming foods rich in tyramine, such as aged cheeses, cured meats, and certain types of beer, as Metronidazole can interact with tyramine and lead to a spike in blood pressure.
• Consume a balanced diet to support overall health and maintain a healthy gut microbiome during the course of treatment.
• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water, especially if experiencing gastrointestinal side effects.

Metronidazole 500MG Injection should be stored in a controlled environment, preferably in a cool and dry place at room temperature (20-25°C). Protect the injection vials from direct sunlight and moisture to maintain their integrity. Always keep the medication in its original packaging, ensuring the container is tightly sealed to prevent contamination. Do not store it in the refrigerator, as low temperatures may affect the drug's properties. Dispose of any unused or expired injections through appropriate medical waste channels; do not flush or pour them down the drain. Keep the medication out of the reach of children to prevent accidental exposure.

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Following are the quick tips for Metronidazole 500MG Injection:

• Ensure you receive this injection under medical supervision and as prescribed.
• Inform your doctor about any allergies or medical conditions before injection.
• It is common to experience a metallic taste in your mouth; this is temporary.
• Avoid alcohol consumption during the treatment period to prevent adverse effects.
• Do not stop the treatment without consulting your doctor, even if you feel better.
• Report any unusual symptoms or side effects to your healthcare provider promptly.
• Store the injection as directed by your pharmacist, away from sunlight and moisture.