Normal Saline (0.9%/25ml) 1 Infusion

Sodium chloride commonly known as saline solution, works by directly affecting the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance. When sodium chloride is infused into the bloodstream, it dissociates into sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻) ions. These ions help maintain osmotic balance and regulate fluid distribution between the blood vessels and tissues. Sodium plays a key role in maintaining blood volume and blood pressure by controlling the movement of water in and out of cells and between the blood and tissues. Chloride helps in maintaining proper acid-base balance and is essential for producing stomach acids. By introducing these ions into the bloodstream, saline infusions help restore normal electrolyte levels, address dehydration, and support overall fluid balance. In medical treatments, sodium chloride infusions are used to replenish fluids lost due to conditions like severe diarrhea, vomiting, or blood loss. They also serve as a carrier for administering medications, ensuring they are delivered directly into the bloodstream in a controlled manner. This helps to quickly and effectively rehydrate the body, stabilize blood pressure, and restore electrolyte balance.

Electrolyte

This infusion is used for:

• Fluid Replacement
• Hydration
• Electrolyte Balance
• Dilution of Medications

Sodium Chloride (nasal drops) dosage recommendations are:

• For adults and children over 2 years, instill 2 to 3 drops into each nostril 2 to 3 times daily or as needed. For infants and children under 2 years, consult a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate dosage.

In case of overdose, seek medical advice immediately. Symptoms may include nasal irritation or discomfort. Follow medical guidance and monitor for adverse effects.

If a dose is missed, use as soon as you remember. If it is close to the next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not use extra doses to make up for missed ones.

Instill the recommended number of drops into each nostril as needed.

Do not use sodium chloride in the following situations:

• If you are allergic to sodium chloride

Potential side effects associated with Normal Saline Infusion include:

• Swelling at injection site
• Fluid overload
• Electrolyte imbalance

Before using this medication, patients should be aware of the following precautions and warnings:

• Caution is advised in patients with hypertension, heart failure, peripheral or pulmonary edema, impaired renal function, liver cirrhosis, or preeclampsia.
• It is important to maintain adequate water intake during treatment to avoid dehydration or imbalances.
• Special care should be taken during pregnancy, and the risks should be assessed by a healthcare provider.
• Injections of 3% or 5% sodium chloride solution should be administered via a large vein at a rate not exceeding 100 ml per hour.
• Monitoring fluid balance, serum electrolytes, and acid-base balance is critical, especially during prolonged treatment, to avoid complications such as electrolyte imbalances or acidosis.
• Caution is needed when using this medication in patients who are also receiving corticosteroids or corticotropin, as there may be an increased risk of fluid retention or other adverse effects.

Drug interactions with Normal Saline include:

• Medications administered intravenously (e.g., antibiotics or chemotherapy) (may require compatibility checks)
• Electrolyte imbalances (e.g., potassium or calcium supplements) (may need monitoring to avoid additive effects)
• Medications affecting fluid balance (e.g., diuretics) (may impact fluid status and require dose adjustments)
• Blood products (e.g., transfusions) (saline is commonly used as a diluent or flush)

Store in a cool, dry place, and keep the container tightly sealed. Dispose of according to local regulations for saline solutions.