Genticyn (80mg) 2ml, 2 Ampoule Injections

Gentamicin, a potent aminoglycoside antibiotic, exerts its bactericidal effect primarily by disrupting bacterial protein synthesis. It binds to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, leading to misreading of the genetic code and subsequent inhibition of protein synthesis. Specifically, gentamicin interferes with the initiation and elongation phases of translation, causing the incorporation of incorrect amino acids into the growing peptide chain. This results in the formation of faulty proteins, ultimately leading to bacterial cell death. By selectively targeting bacterial ribosomes, gentamicin exhibits broad-spectrum activity against a wide range of Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria, making it a valuable agent in the treatment of severe infections.

Gentamicin

Aminoglycoside antibiotic.

Injection

The following are the uses of Gentamicin injection:

• Used for treating serious bacterial infections like bone and joint infections, blood infections, and meningitis.
• Used for combating infections caused by aerobic Gram-negative bacteria.
• Used for treating patients with severe burns or wounds to prevent and treat infections.
• Used for managing infections in patients with low white blood cell counts.
• Used for treating respiratory infections like pneumonia.
• Used for controlling infections in the urinary tract.
• Used for certain eye infections as prescribed by an eye specialist.
• Used for life-threatening bacterial infections when other antibiotics are not effective.

To be taken as per doctor's prescription

In the case of an overdose of Gentamicin injection, prompt medical attention is required. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and difficulty in hearing. The severity of these symptoms can vary, and they may indicate potential damage to the kidneys or the inner ear. It is crucial to seek medical advice immediately if an overdose is suspected, as timely intervention can help manage and mitigate potential adverse effects.

In the case of a missed dose of Gentamicin injection, it is important to administer the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to adjust your medication schedule. It is crucial to maintain a consistent dosing regimen to ensure the effectiveness of the medication.

To administer the Gentamicin injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol wipe, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle into the muscle, inject the medication slowly, and then withdraw the needle while applying pressure with a sterile cotton ball to prevent any bleeding.

Following are the conditions/situations when Gentamicin injection should not be administered:

• Allergic reaction or hypersensitivity to Gentamicin or other aminoglycoside antibiotics.
• Patients with a history of kidney disease or impairment, as Gentamicin can be harmful to the kidneys.
• Not suitable for patients with hearing loss or conditions affecting the auditory system, as it may worsen hearing.
• Contraindicated in patients with myasthenia gravis, as it can exacerbate muscle weakness.
• Should be avoided in newborns and premature infants due to the risk of kidney and ear damage.
• Not recommended for patients with Parkinson's disease, as it may worsen symptoms.
• Must not be used in patients with a history of balance disorders or vertigo.
• Patients with neuromuscular disorders should not receive Gentamicin.
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of respiratory muscle paralysis.

The side effects of Gentamicin injection may include:

• Ear problems (such as hearing loss, dizziness, or ringing in the ears)
• Kidney damage (signs include increased urination, decreased urine production, or swelling)
• Nerve damage (numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness)
• Muscle weakness or paralysis
• Nausea and vomiting
• Confusion or disorientation
• Increased heart rate or irregular heartbeat
• Low blood pressure

Following are the precautions and warnings for Gentamicin Injection:

• Do not use Gentamicin if you have a history of hypersensitivity or allergic reactions to the drug or other aminoglycoside antibiotics.
• Regular monitoring of kidney function and hearing is essential during treatment, and the drug should be discontinued if any signs of toxicity are observed.
• Caution is advised in patients with conditions like myasthenia gravis, Parkinson's disease, or other neuromuscular disorders as Gentamicin may worsen muscle weakness.
• Elderly patients are more prone to kidney and ear toxicity, so dosage adjustments and close monitoring are necessary.
• Avoid using Gentamicin in newborns and premature infants, especially those with immature kidneys, as it can lead to permanent hearing loss and balance problems.
• Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, especially muscle relaxants, diuretics, or other antibiotics, to prevent potential drug interactions.
• Patients with conditions affecting neuromuscular transmission, such as myasthenia gravis, should be closely monitored as Gentamicin may exacerbate muscle weakness.
• Always inform your healthcare provider about your medical history, including any kidney, hearing, or neuromuscular disorders, before starting Gentamicin treatment.

Following are the drug interactions for Gentamicin injection:

• Concomitant use with other nephrotoxic drugs like cisplatin or furosemide can increase the risk of kidney damage.
• Neuromuscular blockers (e.g., tubocurarine) may have their effects potentiated by Gentamicin, leading to respiratory distress.
• The risk of ototoxicity is increased when Gentamicin is combined with other ototoxic medications such as loop diuretics or platinum-containing compounds.
• Gentamicin may reduce the effectiveness of muscle relaxants, necessitating adjustments in dosage.
• It can interact with diuretics like ethacrynic acid, potentially causing hearing loss and kidney damage.
• Anticonvulsants like phenytoin may decrease Gentamicin levels, requiring monitoring and dose adjustments.
• Some antibiotics (e.g., amikacin, tobramycin) may have additive effects with Gentamicin, increasing the risk of toxicity.

Following are the food interactions for Gentamicin injection:

• Gentamicin levels can be reduced by foods high in calcium, like dairy products, which may decrease the drug's effectiveness. Avoid consuming large amounts of dairy near medication time.
• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it can increase the risk of kidney damage and ototoxicity when used with Gentamicin.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be avoided as they may alter the absorption and metabolism of Gentamicin, potentially leading to increased side effects.
• Vitamin D supplements or foods rich in Vitamin D should be used cautiously as Gentamicin can increase Vitamin D metabolism, reducing its effectiveness.
• Foods rich in potassium, such as bananas, oranges, and spinach, should be consumed in moderation as Gentamicin can cause potassium retention, affecting heart rhythm.
• Avoid high-sodium foods, as Gentamicin can increase sodium retention, leading to fluid retention and high blood pressure.
• Gentamicin may cause magnesium deficiency, so include magnesium-rich foods like leafy greens and nuts in your diet.

Gentamicin injection should be stored in a controlled environment, preferably between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C), with brief excursions permitted between 59°F and 86°F (15°C and 30°C). Protect it from freezing and excessive heat, as extreme temperatures can affect the medication's potency. Store it in its original packaging, ensuring the container is tightly sealed to maintain sterility. Keep the injection away from direct sunlight and moisture, as these can degrade the medication. Dispose of any unused or expired gentamicin injection according to local regulations and guidelines; do not flush it down the toilet or pour it into the drainage system. Always consult a pharmacist or healthcare professional for proper disposal methods to minimize environmental impact.

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Following are the quick tips for Gentamicin injection:

• Ensure the injection is administered by a trained healthcare professional.
• Follow the prescribed dosage and duration as instructed by your doctor.
• Gentamicin is typically given as an intramuscular or intravenous injection.
• Do not inject into skin or veins; follow the prescribed route of administration.
• Before injection, clean the injection site with an antiseptic to prevent infection.
• Dispose of used needles and syringes safely in designated sharps containers.
• If you experience any side effects, such as hearing loss or kidney problems, seek medical attention promptly.