HHT 4 I.U. (SOMATROPIN)

Somatropin, also known as human growth hormone (hGH), acts by binding to growth hormone receptors on various cells and tissues throughout the body. Once bound, it stimulates cellular processes involved in growth and development. The mechanism of action involves the activation of intracellular signaling pathways, primarily the JAK-STAT pathway, which leads to increased protein synthesis, cell proliferation, and the expression of genes related to growth. Somatropin promotes linear growth in children by stimulating the growth of cartilage and bone, and it also enhances protein production, leading to increased muscle mass and tissue repair. Additionally, it influences metabolism by regulating fat utilization and promoting lipolysis, thereby reducing fat accumulation.

Growth hormone

Injection

The following are the uses of Somatropin injection:

• Used for treating growth failure in children with growth hormone deficiency, Turner syndrome, or Prader-Willi syndrome.
• Used for stimulating growth in children born small for gestational age.
• Used for increasing height and improving bone density in children with idiopathic short stature.
• Used for accelerating growth in children with chronic kidney disease.
• Used for enhancing growth and metabolism in adults with growth hormone deficiency.
• Used for improving muscle mass and physical performance in certain conditions.
• Used for managing various growth-related disorders as advised by healthcare professionals.

In the case of an overdose of Somatropin injection, it is important to recognize the potential signs and symptoms, which may include swelling, joint and muscle pain, and elevated blood sugar levels. Promptly seek medical advice if you suspect an overdose, as timely intervention can help manage the adverse effects. Treatment for overdose may involve supportive care and monitoring of vital signs, as well as addressing any specific symptoms that arise. It is crucial to act quickly to minimize the impact of an overdose.

In the case of a missed dose of Somatropin injection, it is important to follow the guidelines provided by your healthcare professional. If you realize you've missed a dose, administer it as soon as possible on the same day. However, if it's almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not administer a double dose to make up for a missed one. Consult your doctor or pharmacist if you have any concerns or questions about missed doses.

To administer the Somatropin injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol wipe, insert the needle at a 45-degree angle, inject the medication slowly as directed, and then gently withdraw the needle while applying pressure with a sterile cotton ball if needed to prevent bleeding.

Following are the conditions or circumstances when Somatropin injection should not be administered:

• Not recommended for individuals with an active cancer or malignancy.
• Should not be used in patients with critical illnesses or complications from open heart or abdominal surgery.
• Contraindicated in individuals with severe respiratory failure or respiratory distress.
• Not suitable for those with diabetic retinopathy who require acute treatment.
• Should not be used to treat obesity or for weight loss purposes.
• Contraindicated in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome who are severely obese or have severe breathing problems.
• Not recommended for individuals with an acute critical illness due to complications from recent stomach or intestinal surgery.

The side effects of Somatropin injection may include:

• Joint and muscle pain
• Fluid retention and swelling (edema)
• Carpal tunnel syndrome (hand and wrist pain)
• Numbness and tingling
• High blood sugar levels
• Allergic reactions (such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing)
• Increased risk of certain types of cancer (especially in those with a family history)
• Headaches and dizziness

Following are the precautions and warnings:

• Somatropin injection should be used with caution in patients with active cancer, as it may accelerate tumor growth.
• Patients with diabetes mellitus should closely monitor their blood glucose levels, as Somatropin can affect insulin sensitivity.
• It may cause fluid retention, so caution is advised in patients with cardiac or renal impairment.
• Somatropin can induce an immune response, and patients should be monitored for the development of antibodies.
• This medication should not be used in patients with acute critical illness due to the increased risk of death.
• Precautions must be taken in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome, as they are at a higher risk of respiratory issues.
• Somatropin may cause rapid growth and premature skeletal maturation, so regular monitoring of growth is essential in children.
• Patients with a history of intracranial lesions or pituitary gland issues should be closely monitored during treatment.

Following are the drug interactions for Somatropin injection:

• Insulin or oral antidiabetic drugs may require adjustment due to the glucose-raising effects of Somatropin.
• Somatropin may decrease the effects of corticosteroids, requiring dose adjustments.
• The combination with glucocorticoids can lead to increased fluid retention and hypertension.
• Thyroid hormone replacement therapy might need to be adjusted as Somatropin may increase thyroid hormone requirements.
• Drugs that suppress the immune system, such as cyclosporine, can have their effects reduced by Somatropin.
• Somatropin may increase the effects of anticoagulants, necessitating close monitoring of coagulation parameters.
• When used with certain medications for seizures, such as phenytoin, Somatropin may decrease their blood levels, requiring monitoring and dose adjustments.

Following are the food interactions with Somatropin injection:

• Avoid consuming alcohol as it may interfere with the medication's effectiveness and increase the risk of side effects, especially when used for growth hormone deficiency.
• Consuming high-fat meals might affect the absorption of Somatropin. It is advisable to follow the administration guidelines provided by your healthcare professional.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they may affect the metabolism of Somatropin, potentially altering its effectiveness.
• Avoid consuming herbal tea or supplements containing Ma Huang (Ephedra) as it may interact with Somatropin and increase the risk of cardiovascular side effects.
• Licorice, a common ingredient in herbal teas and candies, should be avoided as it can interfere with the metabolism of Somatropin, potentially affecting its efficacy.
• Limit caffeine intake as it may exacerbate Somatropin's side effects, particularly those related to the nervous system.
• Ensure a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients to support overall health and optimize the benefits of Somatropin therapy.
• Always consult your healthcare provider for specific dietary recommendations and guidelines while using Somatropin injection.

Somatropin injection should be stored in a refrigerator at a temperature between 2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F). It is crucial to keep the injection in its original carton to protect it from light and moisture. Do not freeze the medication as it may affect its potency. Once the vial or cartridge is opened, it should be used immediately, and any unused portion should be discarded properly. For disposal, do not throw away Somatropin injection in regular household trash; instead, follow local guidelines for the safe disposal of medications, or consult a pharmacist for guidance on returning unused or expired medication to a take-back program or healthcare facility. Keep the medication out of the sight and reach of children to prevent accidental use.

Following are the quick tips for Somatropin injection:

• Administer the injection as directed by your healthcare professional to ensure proper usage.
• Store the injection vials/cartridges as per the manufacturer's instructions, typically in the refrigerator.
• Always inspect the solution for discoloration or particles before injecting.
• Use a new needle and syringe for each injection to maintain sterility.
• Rotate injection sites to minimize tissue irritation and scarring.
• Do not inject if you are experiencing redness, swelling, or pain at the injection site.
• Dispose of used needles and syringes safely in a designated sharps container.