Insulatard HM (100IU/ml) 1 Vial Injection

Regular human insulin injection works by mimicking the action of naturally occurring insulin in the body. Insulin is a hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels. When administered, regular human insulin binds to insulin receptors on cells, particularly in muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver. This binding triggers a series of intracellular signaling pathways, leading to increased glucose uptake by cells. Insulin promotes the translocation of glucose transporters, primarily GLUT4, to the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cells. This mechanism helps lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake and utilization of glucose by insulin-dependent tissues. Additionally, insulin stimulates glycogen synthesis in the liver and muscle, further contributing to glucose storage and utilization, and inhibits the production of glucose in the liver through gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.

Insulin injection

Injection

The following are the uses of Regular human insulin injection:

• Used for treating type 1 diabetes mellitus
• Used for managing blood sugar in type 2 diabetes
• Used to regulate blood glucose levels in gestational diabetes
• Used to correct hyperglycemia in emergencies
• Used to improve glucose control after meals
• Used as a long-term therapy for diabetes management
• Used to prevent diabetes-related complications when oral medications are ineffective

To be taken as per doctor's prescription

In the case of an overdose of Regular human insulin injection, the most common symptoms are hypoglycemia, which can lead to symptoms like excessive sweating, trembling, anxiety, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness. Overdose may also result in severe neurological symptoms, including confusion, difficulty concentrating, and even seizures. Immediate treatment involves the administration of glucose to raise blood sugar levels, and in more severe cases, medical intervention may be required to manage complications.

In the case of a missed dose of Regular human insulin injection, it is important to administer the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this can lead to low blood sugar levels. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to safely adjust your insulin regimen.

To administer the Regular human insulin injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol swab, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle into the skin, inject the prescribed dose slowly, and then withdraw the needle, ensuring the injection is completed within 5 seconds, as directed by your healthcare provider.

Following are the conditions or situations when Regular human insulin injection should not be used:

• Should not be used if you are experiencing hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) as it can further lower blood glucose levels.
• Contraindicated in individuals with severe hypersensitivity or allergy to insulin or any of the injection's components.
• Not recommended for use during episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) as it is not effective in treating this condition.
• Should be used with caution in individuals with kidney or liver disease, as insulin requirements may be altered.
• Not suitable for patients with an infection at the intended injection site.
• Should not be administered intravenously, as it can lead to hypoglycemia and other complications.
• Contraindicated in patients with certain eye conditions, such as diabetic retinopathy, as it may worsen these conditions.
• Not recommended for use during periods of illness or stress, as insulin needs may be different and require adjustment.

The side effects of Regular Human Insulin Injection may include:

• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
• Injection site reactions (redness, swelling, itching)
• Skin rash or itching
• Weight gain
• Anxiety or nervousness
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Sweating
• Difficulty concentrating

Following are the precautions and warnings:

• Regular human insulin injection should not be used by individuals with a known allergy to insulin or any of its components.
• This medication requires careful monitoring of blood sugar levels, and adjustments in dosage may be necessary based on individual blood glucose control.
• Patients with kidney or liver problems should use this medication with caution as it can affect insulin metabolism.
• Do not change the insulin type or dose without medical advice, as it may lead to improper blood sugar control.
• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it can interfere with blood sugar control and increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
• Driving or operating heavy machinery should be avoided if you experience dizziness, drowsiness, or impaired concentration due to low or high blood sugar levels.
• Consult your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, as insulin needs may change during these periods.
• Always follow the prescribed dosage and administration instructions provided by your healthcare professional.

Following are the drug interactions for Regular human insulin injection:

• The effects of insulin can be enhanced by drugs like beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin II receptor blockers, leading to a higher risk of hypoglycemia.
• Alcohol can either increase or decrease the glucose-lowering effect of insulin, making blood sugar management unpredictable.
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may reduce the effectiveness of insulin, potentially requiring adjustments in insulin dosage.
• Octreotide and lanreotide may increase blood glucose levels, necessitating closer monitoring and possible insulin dose adjustments.
• When combined with corticosteroids, androgens, or certain birth control pills, insulin requirements may increase.
• Drugs that affect the central nervous system, such as sympathomimetics, can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia, making it harder to detect low blood sugar.
• Certain medications, like protease inhibitors and antipsychotics, can cause insulin resistance, leading to higher insulin dosage requirements.

Following are the food interactions for Regular human insulin injection:

• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it can lead to unpredictable changes in blood sugar levels, either increasing or decreasing them.
• Grapefruit juice may alter insulin absorption, so it's best to consult your doctor about consuming it.
• Monitor blood glucose levels closely when consuming high-sugar foods like sweets, desserts, and sugary beverages.
• Carbohydrate counting is crucial to ensure proper insulin dosing with meals.
• Maintain a consistent diet, especially regarding carbohydrate intake, to ensure stable blood sugar control.
• Avoid high-fat meals as they can cause delayed or unpredictable insulin absorption.
• Always follow the meal plan provided by your healthcare professional to manage blood glucose effectively.

Store Regular human insulin injection in a cool, dry place, preferably at refrigerator temperature between 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Do not freeze the medication as it may affect its potency. Keep the insulin vials or pens upright and protected from direct sunlight. Regular human insulin injection should be kept in its original packaging or container, ensuring the label is intact for clear identification. Always check the expiration date, and never use insulin past its expiry. Dispose of used needles, syringes, or pens in a designated sharps container to prevent accidental injury and ensure environmental safety. Do not dispose of the medication in regular household waste or pour it down the drain; consult your pharmacist for appropriate disposal methods.

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Following are the quick tips for Regular Human Insulin Injection:

• Administer the injection as directed by your doctor, typically before meals.
• Check the insulin's appearance; it should be clear and colorless.
• Ensure the injection needle is clean and sterile before use.
• Rotate injection sites to prevent skin thickening or scarring.
• Store insulin properly; it can be kept at room temperature for a limited time.
• Dispose of used needles safely in a sharps container.
• Regularly monitor blood sugar levels as advised by your healthcare provider.
• Always have a backup insulin supply to avoid running out.