Isopto Carpine (2%) 15ml Eye Drops

Pilocarpine primarily acts by stimulating muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, particularly the M3 subtype, which are located in various tissues throughout the body. When instilled into the eye as eye drops, pilocarpine selectively binds to the muscarinic receptors in the iris sphincter muscle and the ciliary muscle. Activation of these receptors triggers a signaling cascade that leads to the contraction of the circular pupillary muscle, causing miosis (constriction of the pupil). Simultaneously, stimulation of the ciliary muscle relaxes the lens zonules, allowing the lens to become more rounded, which increases the refractive power of the eye. This mechanism is responsible for pilocarpine's ability to reduce intraocular pressure by improving aqueous humor outflow through the trabecular meshwork and reducing resistance in the trabecular network. The overall effect contributes to its therapeutic use in managing conditions like glaucoma.

Cholinergic agonist

Drop

The following are the uses of Pilocarpine Drop:

• Used for treating dry mouth and dry eyes caused by reduced tear and saliva production.
• Used for managing glaucoma, reducing eye pressure by increasing fluid drainage.
• Used for inducing sweating to treat certain heat-related conditions.
• Used for enhancing saliva flow in radiation-induced dry mouth.
• Used for facilitating certain eye exams and procedures.
• Used for preventing and treating cystoid macular edema.
• Used for treating Sjogren's syndrome-related dryness.
• Used for improving eye comfort and vision in dry eye conditions.

In the case of an overdose of Pilocarpine Drops, it is important to act swiftly. The initial symptoms may include excessive sweating, nausea, and potential cardiac issues. Promptly seek medical assistance and provide the necessary details regarding the dosage and timing of the overdose. Quick action can significantly impact the effectiveness of treatment and ensure a better chance of recovery from the adverse effects of this medication.

In the case of a missed dose of Pilocarpine Drops, it is important to administer the medication as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you frequently miss doses, consider setting reminders or using a pill organizer to help you stay on track with your medication routine. Consult your healthcare provider if you have any concerns or questions regarding missed doses.

To administer Pilocarpine Drops, gently tilt your head back, pull down your lower eyelid to create a small pocket, and hold the dropper directly over the eye, releasing the prescribed number of drops into the pocket while looking up.

Following are the conditions/situations when Pilocarpine Drops should not be used:

• Should not be used if you have a known allergy to Pilocarpine or any similar medications.
• Contraindicated in individuals with narrow-angle glaucoma or any other eye conditions that may worsen with the use of Pilocarpine.
• Not suitable for those with severe cardiovascular disease or low heart rate, as it can further slow down the heart rate.
• Avoid using if you have or had asthma, as it may trigger bronchospasms.
• Do not use if you have a history of urinary tract obstruction or urinary difficulties.
• Not recommended for individuals with severe respiratory conditions or lung diseases.
• Should not be used if you have a known hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients in the eye drops.
• Contraindicated during pregnancy or breastfeeding without medical advice.
• Discontinue use and seek medical attention if you experience severe eye pain, blurred vision, or any signs of an allergic reaction.

The side effects of Pilocarpine Drop may include:

• Blurred vision or visual disturbances
• Eye discomfort or irritation
• Headache
• Increased tearing or watery eyes
• Nausea and vomiting
• Increased sweating
• Frequent urination
• Abdominal cramps or pain

Following are the precautions and warnings for Pilocarpine Eye Drops:

• Do not use Pilocarpine drops if you have a known allergy to any of its ingredients.
• Wash your hands thoroughly before and after using the eye drops to avoid contamination.
• Be cautious if you have a history of eye diseases like glaucoma, as Pilocarpine may not be suitable for certain types of glaucoma.
• If you are using other eye medications, inform your doctor to prevent potential drug interactions.
• These drops may cause temporary blurred vision; avoid driving or operating machinery until your vision is clear.
• Do not touch the dropper tip to any surface as it can contaminate the solution.
• Store the eye drops at room temperature and away from direct sunlight.

Following are the drug interactions for Pilocarpine Drop:

• Beta-blockers, such as timolol, may reduce the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of pilocarpine.
• Using pilocarpine with other medications that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system can lead to additive effects and increased side effects.
• Atropine and other anticholinergic drugs can antagonize the effects of pilocarpine, potentially reducing its therapeutic efficacy.
• Pilocarpine may interact with systemic medications for glaucoma, like acetazolamide, potentially affecting intraocular pressure.
• Caution is advised when using pilocarpine with medications that have narrow therapeutic indices, as it may alter their metabolism and effectiveness.
• It may interact with certain antihistamines, affecting the eye's ability to produce tears, potentially causing dry eye symptoms.
• Some medications that affect heart rate and rhythm, like digoxin, might interact with pilocarpine, requiring close monitoring.

Following are the food interactions for Pilocarpine Drops:

• Pilocarpine may increase saliva production, so it's advisable to avoid acidic foods and beverages like citrus fruits and juices, as they can irritate the mouth and throat.
• Spicy and hot foods should be consumed with caution as they might exacerbate any mouth or throat discomfort.
• Alcohol can intensify the effects of Pilocarpine, so it's best to limit or avoid alcohol consumption.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be avoided as they can interfere with the breakdown of Pilocarpine in the body, potentially leading to increased side effects.
• To maintain consistent medication absorption, try to take the drops at a consistent time relative to meals, either before or after eating.
• High-fat meals may slightly delay the absorption of Pilocarpine, so consider taking the medication after meals for optimal absorption.
• Always stay well-hydrated to support the medication's effectiveness and to manage potential side effects like increased sweating.

Pilocarpine Drops should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area, ideally between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C). Protect the medication from excessive heat, direct sunlight, and moisture by keeping it in its original packaging until ready for use. Do not freeze the drops. Always check the expiration date before using the medication, and discard any expired or unused drops according to local regulations and guidelines. Proper disposal methods should be followed to prevent environmental contamination; do not pour the medication down the sink or toilet. Keep the medication out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion.

Following are the quick tips for Pilocarpine Drops:

• Wash your hands before administering the drops to maintain hygiene.
• Tilt your head back slightly and gently pull down your lower eyelid to create a small pocket.
• Hold the dropper close to the eye without touching it, and squeeze the prescribed number of drops into the eye pocket.
• Close your eye gently and blink a few times to distribute the medication.
• Avoid touching the dropper tip to prevent contamination.
• If using other eye medications, wait at least 5-10 minutes before applying the next medication.
• Store the drops at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture.