Kibon (1mcg) Injection IV 10's

Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, exerts its effects by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) found in various target cells throughout the body. Upon binding, the calcitriol-VDR complex undergoes dimerization and subsequently interacts with specific DNA sequences called vitamin D response elements (VDREs) located in the promoter regions of target genes. This interaction modulates gene expression, leading to the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Calcitriol promotes intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate, enhances renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and mobilizes calcium and phosphate from bone, thereby increasing serum calcium and phosphate levels. Additionally, it inhibits the release of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from the parathyroid glands, contributing to the overall regulation of calcium homeostasis.

Calcitriol

Calcitriol is a vitamin D analog.

Injection

The following are the uses of Calcitriol Injection:

• Used for treating severe calcium deficiency in conditions like hypoparathyroidism, where the body struggles to regulate calcium levels.
• Used for managing calcium imbalances in patients with chronic kidney diseases, aiding in bone health.
• Used for osteoporosis treatment, helping to increase bone density and reduce fracture risks.
• Used for supporting bone growth and development in cases of rickets, a vitamin D deficiency disorder.
• Used for alleviating muscle spasms and cramps associated with calcium imbalances.
• Used for enhancing calcium absorption, ensuring proper bone mineralization.
• Used for preventing and managing secondary hyperparathyroidism, a condition causing excessive parathyroid hormone.

In the case of an overdose of Calcitriol Injection, prompt medical intervention is necessary. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, weakness, and confusion. Seek emergency care if you suspect an overdose, as it can lead to severe hypercalcemia, a condition characterized by elevated calcium levels in the blood, which may result in kidney damage and other serious health complications. Treatment involves managing symptoms and stabilizing calcium levels.

In the case of a missed dose of Calcitriol Injection, it is important to act promptly. If you remember within a few hours of the missed dose, administer the injection as soon as possible. However, if a significant amount of time has passed, it is best to skip the missed dose and continue with the next scheduled dose. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may lead to potential side effects. Always consult your healthcare provider if you have any concerns or questions regarding missed doses.

To administer Calcitriol Injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol swab, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle, and inject the prescribed dose subcutaneously or intravenously, ensuring proper needle disposal and following the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare professional.

Following are the conditions when Calcitriol Injection should be avoided or used with caution:

• Not recommended for individuals with hypercalcemia (high calcium levels in the blood) or conditions that cause high calcium levels.
• Contraindicated in patients with vitamin D toxicity or evidence of hypervitaminosis D.
• Should not be used in patients with evidence of vitamin D hypersensitivity or known allergy to calcitriol or any of its excipients.
• Not suitable for individuals with uncontrolled hyperparathyroidism (overactive parathyroid glands).
• Avoid in patients with kidney stones or a history of kidney disease.
• Should not be used in patients with a history of calcium-related kidney problems.
• Contraindicated in patients with sarcoidosis, as it can lead to increased calcium levels and related complications.
• Not recommended for individuals with cardiovascular diseases, especially those with high blood pressure or heart failure.

The side effects of Calcitriol Injection may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Weakness or fatigue
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Headache
• Dry mouth or increased thirst
• Muscle or joint pain
• Constipation or diarrhea
• Elevated calcium levels in the blood (hypercalcemia), which can lead to calcium deposits in soft tissues and organs.

Following are the precautions and warnings for Calcitriol Injection:

• Patients with hypercalcemia or vitamin D toxicity should not receive this injection as it may exacerbate these conditions.
• Regular monitoring of calcium levels in the blood is essential during treatment, and dosage adjustments may be required.
• Individuals with kidney impairment or kidney stones should exercise caution, as calcitriol can affect kidney function.
• Not recommended for individuals with high blood calcium levels (hypercalcemia) due to parathyroid gland disorders.
• Avoid using this injection if you have a known allergy to calcitriol or any of its components.
• Pregnant women should use this medication only if clearly needed and under strict medical supervision.
• Breastfeeding women should consult their doctor, as calcitriol can pass into breast milk and may affect the nursing infant.
• Elderly patients may be more sensitive to the effects and side effects of calcitriol, requiring careful monitoring.

Following are the drug interactions for Calcitriol Injection:

• Concomitant use with digitalis glycosides can lead to hypercalcemia, causing cardiac arrhythmias and potentially worsening heart failure.
• Calcitriol may enhance the cardiac effects of calcium channel blockers, requiring close monitoring of calcium levels.
• Thiazide diuretics can increase the risk of hypercalcemia when used with Calcitriol, as they reduce calcium excretion.
• Loop diuretics, when combined with Calcitriol, may lead to excessive calcium and volume depletion, increasing the risk of renal toxicity.
• Anticonvulsants like phenytoin and phenobarbital can reduce the effectiveness of Calcitriol by increasing its metabolism.
• Corticosteroids and Calcitriol may have additive effects on calcium metabolism, requiring careful monitoring.
• Caution is advised when using Calcitriol with other vitamin D analogs, as it may result in hypercalcemia and potential toxicity.

Following are the food interactions to consider with Calcitriol Injection:

• Avoid high-calcium foods like dairy products, spinach, and rhubarb as they may increase the risk of hypercalcemia, a condition with elevated calcium levels in the blood.
• Restrict dietary phosphate intake by limiting foods such as organ meats, whole grains, and certain nuts, as Calcitriol can enhance phosphate absorption.
• Limit vitamin D-fortified foods and supplements, as excessive intake may lead to vitamin D toxicity.
• Avoid excessive consumption of foods rich in vitamin A, like liver and fish liver oils, as Calcitriol may enhance their effects.
• Alcohol consumption should be minimized, as it can interfere with calcium metabolism and potentially increase the risk of side effects.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed cautiously, as they may affect the metabolism of Calcitriol.
• Ensure adequate hydration and maintain a balanced diet to support overall health during treatment.

Calcitriol Injection should be stored and disposed of with utmost care to ensure safety and maintain its integrity. Store the injection in a refrigerator, maintaining a temperature between 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Protect it from light and do not freeze, as extreme temperatures can impact its potency. Always check the expiration date before use and discard if the solution appears discolored or contains particles. When disposing of unused or expired medication, do not flush it into the sewage system or throw it into the trash. Instead, follow local guidelines for pharmaceutical waste disposal or consult a healthcare professional for advice on safe disposal methods. Keep the injection out of the reach of children and pets to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Calcitriol Injection:

• Administer the injection under medical supervision for proper dosage and administration.
• Ensure the injection is given intramuscularly or intravenously as directed.
• Gently swirl the vial before use to ensure the solution is homogeneous.
• Follow the prescribed dosage schedule for optimal results.
• Avoid missing doses; if a dose is missed, consult your doctor for advice.
• Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to prevent potential interactions.
• Store the injection as directed, typically at room temperature, away from direct sunlight.
• Dispose of used needles and syringes safely in designated sharps containers.