Laevolac (3.35g/5ml) 120ml Syrup

Lactulose, the active ingredient in Lactulose Syrup/Suspension, primarily acts as an osmotic laxative. Its mechanism of action involves drawing water into the colon, softening the stool and promoting bowel movements. This occurs because lactulose is a synthetic disaccharide that is not absorbed in the small intestine. When it reaches the colon, it is fermented by the natural bacteria present, leading to the production of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid. This process causes an increase in osmotic pressure, which draws water into the colon, thereby softening the stool and making it easier to pass. The fermentation of lactulose also leads to a mild acidification of the colonic environment, which may inhibit the growth of certain bacteria and contribute to its therapeutic effects.

Lactulose

Laxative

Suspension

The following are the uses of Lactulose Syrup/Suspension:

• Used for chronic constipation, especially in older adults, by softening stools and promoting bowel movements.
• Used for treating hepatic encephalopathy, a brain disorder in liver patients, by reducing ammonia levels in the blood.
• Used for relieving abdominal discomfort and pain associated with constipation.
• Used for improving overall digestive health by promoting regular bowel movements.
• Used for preventing and treating constipation in post-surgical patients or those with limited mobility.
• Used for bowel preparation before certain medical procedures or surgeries.
• Used for maintaining regularity in individuals with chronic digestive issues.
• Used for gentle relief of occasional constipation without harsh side effects.

Tailoring Treatment for Optimal Health, Prescribed Medication Dosage is:

• Lactulose should be dosed at 30-60ml every 8 hours
• Lactulose can be quite effective for constipation when taken in the dosage of 1-4 tablespoons (15-60 ml) a day, divided into 3-4 doses
• Lactulose is commonly used as an irritable bowel syndrome medication when taken in the dosage of 0.5 to 1.5 tablespoons (7.5-22.5 ml) 4 times a day
• Lactulose is also administered to patients with Hepatosis in the dosage of 1 tablespoon (15 ml) 4 times a day
• Portal-systemic encephalopathy is also treated with Lactulose at a dosage range of 1-3 tablespoons (15-45 ml) every 8 hours
• Acidosis is treated with Lactulose at a dosage of 0.5-1.5 tablespoons (7.5-22.5 ml) every 6 hours
• Lactulose also treats Osteoporosis at a dosage of 0.5-1 tablespoon (7.5-15 ml) a day

In the case of an overdose of Lactulose Syrup/Suspension, individuals may experience symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramping, bloating, and nausea. The severity of these symptoms can vary depending on the amount ingested. It is important to seek medical advice promptly, as healthcare professionals can provide guidance on managing the overdose and offer appropriate treatment options to alleviate discomfort and prevent potential complications.

In the case of a missed dose of Lactulose Syrup/Suspension, it is generally recommended to take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you miss multiple doses, consult your healthcare professional for advice on how to get back on track with your medication regimen safely.

To take Lactulose Syrup/Suspension, measure the prescribed dose using a measuring cup or oral syringe, then take it by mouth, preferably on an empty stomach, once or twice a day as directed by your doctor.

Following are the conditions/situations when Lactulose Syrup/Suspension should not be used:

• Should not be administered if the patient has a known allergy or hypersensitivity to lactulose or any of the excipients in the syrup/suspension.
• Contraindicated in patients with galactosemia, a rare genetic disorder where the body cannot process galactose (a sugar component).
• Not recommended for individuals with severe gastrointestinal conditions like acute intestinal obstruction, intestinal perforation, or toxic colitis.
• Should be avoided in patients with severe liver impairment or hepatic encephalopathy who are at risk of developing severe electrolyte imbalances.
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of severe abdominal pain of unknown cause.
• Do not use if the patient has diarrhea caused by other medications or underlying conditions.

The side effects of Lactulose Syrup/Suspension may include:

• Diarrhea (most common)
• Nausea and vomiting
• Abdominal cramps
• Bloating and flatulence
• Belching
• Stomach discomfort
• Hypokalemia (low potassium levels)
• Electrolyte imbalance

Following are the precautions and warnings for Lactulose Syrup/Suspension:

• Not suitable for individuals with galactosemia, a rare genetic disorder affecting galactose metabolism.
• May cause electrolyte imbalances, especially with prolonged use; regular monitoring of electrolyte levels is recommended.
• May result in dehydration, particularly in the elderly or those with underlying medical conditions; ensure adequate fluid intake.
• Caution is advised in patients with diabetes as it may affect blood sugar levels; monitor glucose levels closely.
• Can lead to abdominal discomfort, including bloating, cramping, and diarrhea, especially at higher doses.
• Prolonged use may lead to laxative dependence; use only as directed and for the shortest duration necessary.
• Patients with gastrointestinal conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease should use with caution and under medical supervision.

Following are the drug interactions for Lactulose Syrup/Suspension:

• Prolonged use of lactulose may decrease the absorption of other medications due to changes in gut motility, especially medications like furosemide and levodopa.
• Antibiotics like neomycin and oral vancomycin can reduce the efficacy of lactulose by altering the gut flora responsible for its metabolism.
• When combined with certain laxatives or stool softeners, the effects of lactulose may be additive, increasing the risk of dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
• Lactulose can increase the blood levels of phenytoin, a medication used for seizures, requiring close monitoring of phenytoin levels.
• It may decrease the absorption of certain antibiotics, such as tetracyclines, reducing their effectiveness.
• Caution is advised when using lactulose with other drugs that lower blood pressure, as it may lead to excessive hypotension.
• The effectiveness of oral medications for diabetes, such as metformin, might be reduced due to delayed gastric emptying caused by lactulose.

Following are the food interactions for Lactulose Syrup/Suspension:

• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it may worsen gastrointestinal side effects like bloating, cramping, and diarrhea.
• Lactulose may cause diarrhea, so it's best to limit or avoid high-fiber foods, which can further contribute to loose stools.
• Consume foods and drinks rich in electrolytes like potassium and sodium to replace any losses due to diarrhea.
• Limit your intake of sugary foods and beverages, as Lactulose is a sugar-based laxative.
• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water to prevent dehydration, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
• Avoid sudden changes in dietary fiber intake, as this can affect the effectiveness of Lactulose.
• There are no specific food restrictions, but a balanced diet is recommended to maintain overall health.
• Consult your healthcare provider for personalized dietary advice based on your medical condition.

Lactulose Syrup/Suspension should be stored in a cool and dry place, preferably at room temperature between 20-25°C (68-77°F), ensuring it is protected from light and moisture. Keep the medication tightly sealed in its original container to maintain its integrity and prevent contamination. Avoid exposing it to extreme temperatures, including freezing or excessive heat, as this can alter the syrup's properties. Dispose of any unused or expired lactulose syrup responsibly; do not flush it down the toilet or pour it into a drain. Consult your pharmacist or local waste management guidelines for safe disposal practices. Always keep medications out of children's reach to prevent accidental ingestion.

Following are the quick tips for Lactulose Syrup/Suspension:

• Always adhere to the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare professional.
• Before each use, give the bottle a good shake to ensure proper mixing.
• Administer the syrup with water; avoid tea, coffee, or dairy products for better absorption.
• Maintain a consistent routine by taking your dose at the same time daily.
• If stomach discomfort occurs, consider taking the syrup with food or after meals.
• Store the syrup in a secure place, out of children's reach.
• Regularly monitor your condition and inform your doctor of any changes or side effects.

It is essential to undertake laboratory tests while using Lactulose 66.5g/100ml to ensure the medication's safe and effective use. These tests serve as preventative measures to mitigate potential side effects and allow your doctor to adjust the dosage accordingly. Here are some crucial tests to expect: