LIGNO 2% INJECTION

Lignocaine, also known as lidocaine, is a local anesthetic agent that primarily acts by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve cell membranes. When administered as an injection, lignocaine blocks the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses by stabilizing the neuronal membrane and preventing the rapid influx of sodium ions that are necessary for depolarization and propagation of action potentials. This mechanism effectively interrupts the transmission of pain signals, providing local anesthesia and numbing effects at the site of injection. By selectively targeting voltage-gated sodium channels, lignocaine prevents the generation and conduction of nerve impulses, thereby producing anesthesia and analgesia without affecting other cellular processes.

Lignocaine

Local anesthetic

Injection

The following are the uses of Lignocaine Injection:

• Used for providing local anesthesia, numbing specific areas during minor surgical procedures.
• Used for rapid pain relief in cases of acute trauma or injury.
• Used for managing chronic pain conditions, offering temporary relief.
• Used for controlling pain during dental procedures, ensuring patient comfort.
• Used for facilitating painless insertion of intravenous catelines, making the process more comfortable.
• Used for treating irregular heart rhythms by suppressing premature ventricular contractions.
• Used for preventing and managing pain during labor and childbirth, ensuring a more comfortable experience.
• Used for reducing discomfort during endoscopic procedures, allowing for better patient tolerance.

In the case of an overdose of Lignocaine Injection, it is essential to recognize the signs and symptoms, which may include seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, and respiratory depression. Prompt medical intervention is necessary, including airway management, intravenous fluids, and monitoring of vital signs. The severity of symptoms may vary, and treatment should be tailored accordingly. Immediate access to emergency medical services is crucial to ensure appropriate care and minimize potential complications.

In the case of a missed dose of Lignocaine Injection, it is important to administer the medication as soon as you remember, provided it is not too close to the time for your next scheduled dose. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you frequently miss doses, it is advisable to set reminders or use a dosing schedule to ensure you stay on track with your treatment plan.

To administer Lignocaine Injection, draw the prescribed dose into a syringe, ensuring the needle is securely attached, and inject it intramuscularly or subcutaneously at a 90-degree angle, following the recommended dosage and administration instructions provided by your healthcare professional.

Following are the conditions/situations when Lignocaine Injection should not be used:

• Should not be administered to patients with a known allergy to local anesthetics of the amide type or any other components in the injection.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe adverse reactions to similar anesthetics in the past.
• Not recommended for patients with severe heart block, untreated heart failure, or severe shock.
• Should be avoided in patients with severe liver disease or impaired liver function.
• Not suitable for patients with a history of methemoglobinemia or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.
• Should not be used for epidural anesthesia in patients with septic conditions in the area of injection.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe hypotension as it can further lower blood pressure.

The side effects of Lignocaine Injection may include:

• Numbness or tingling at the injection site
• Allergic reactions (skin rash, itching, swelling)
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Confusion or disorientation
• Respiratory issues (difficulty in breathing, chest tightness)
• Hypotension (low blood pressure)
• Cardiac arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats)

Following are the precautions and warnings for Lignocaine Injection:

• Avoid use in patients with known hypersensitivity to lignocaine or other local anesthetics of the amide type.
• Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular conditions, including heart block, bradycardia, or arrhythmias, as lignocaine can affect heart rhythm.
• Should not be injected near large blood vessels or over large areas of the body without proper medical supervision.
• Overdose may cause serious side effects such as seizures, cardiovascular collapse, or respiratory depression; careful monitoring is required during administration.
• Use with caution in patients with liver or kidney dysfunction, as they may be at increased risk for toxicity.
• Monitor closely for signs of local reactions such as redness, swelling, or infection at the injection site.
• Not recommended for use in pregnant or breastfeeding women unless absolutely necessary and prescribed by a healthcare provider.
• Discontinue immediately if signs of toxicity, such as dizziness, blurred vision, tremors, or confusion, are observed.
• Avoid using lignocaine with other local anesthetics or antiarrhythmic agents unless directed by a healthcare provider.
• Injection should not be administered to areas with existing inflammation or infection.
• Always follow proper dosing and administration guidelines to minimize risks of adverse reactions.

Following are the drug interactions for Lignocaine Injection:

• When combined with other local anesthetics, such as bupivacaine or prilocaine, the risk of neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity may increase.
• Lignocaine can interact with vasopressors like epinephrine, enhancing their effects and potentially leading to hypertension and tachycardia.
• The concurrent use of Lignocaine and Class I antiarrhythmic drugs (e.g., quinidine) may result in additive cardiac depression.
• Anticoagulants like heparin or warfarin may have their effects potentiated by Lignocaine, increasing the risk of bleeding.
• Caution is advised with beta-blockers, as Lignocaine may block their cardio-depressant effects.
• Lignocaine can interact with other cardiovascular medications, such as calcium channel blockers, possibly leading to hypotension and bradycardia.
• It may also interact with certain antibiotics, affecting their distribution and potentially reducing their effectiveness.

Following are the food interactions for Lignocaine Injection:

• Avoid consuming alcohol during and after the injection procedure as it can intensify the effects of Lignocaine, leading to increased dizziness, drowsiness, and impaired coordination.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they may affect the metabolism of Lignocaine, potentially altering its effectiveness and increasing the risk of side effects.
• Avoid high-fat meals before and after the injection as fat can influence the absorption and distribution of Lignocaine, possibly altering its therapeutic effect.
• Caffeine-rich beverages like coffee and energy drinks might interact with Lignocaine, increasing the risk of side effects such as nervousness, tremors, and rapid heartbeat.
• Certain herbs, like St. John's Wort, may interfere with Lignocaine's metabolism, potentially reducing its efficacy and altering its therapeutic effect.
• Always inform your healthcare provider about any herbal supplements or medications you are taking to ensure safe administration of Lignocaine Injection.
• Maintain a balanced diet to support overall health and recovery during the treatment period.
• Stay hydrated by drinking adequate water, especially after the injection, to aid in the body's recovery process.

Lignocaine Injection should be stored in a controlled environment, specifically at room temperature between 20-25°C (68-77°F), ensuring it remains protected from light and moisture. It is crucial to keep the injection in its original packaging, tightly sealed, to maintain its integrity and prevent contamination. Avoid exposing the injection to extreme temperatures, such as in the refrigerator or near heat sources, as this can impact its effectiveness. Always check the expiration date on the packaging, and dispose of any unused or expired medication responsibly. Do not dispose of it in household waste or pour it down the drain; instead, follow local guidelines or consult a pharmacist for appropriate disposal methods. Keep the injection out of children's reach to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Lignocaine Injection:

• Ensure the injection is administered by a trained healthcare professional for safety.
• Verify the correct dosage and injection site as prescribed by your doctor.
• Inform your doctor about any allergies or medical conditions before the injection.
• Relax and breathe normally during the injection process to ease discomfort.
• Report any unusual pain, swelling, or redness at the injection site immediately.
• Avoid rubbing or scratching the injection site after administration.
• Store the injection as directed on the label, away from direct sunlight and moisture.