METRONIDAZOLE 1% CREAM

Metronidazole cream works by interfering with the DNA synthesis of susceptible anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoans. It enters the bacterial cell and becomes reduced, forming compounds that bind to and damage the DNA, leading to bacterial cell death. The active component, metronidazole, specifically targets anaerobic organisms by disrupting their DNA structure, inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis, and ultimately resulting in the loss of their ability to reproduce. This selective mechanism of action makes metronidazole effective against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, which are often associated with skin and vaginal infections.

Antiprotozoal, Antibacterial

Cream

The following are the uses of Metronidazole Cream:

• Used for treating rosacea and reducing facial redness.
• Used for managing bacterial skin infections, especially those causing sores and swelling.
• Used for effectively eliminating certain parasites and bacteria that cause infections.
• Used for addressing inflammatory lesions and pimples associated with rosacea.
• Used for soothing skin irritation and promoting healing.
• Used for improving skin texture and reducing the appearance of enlarged blood vessels.
• Used for maintaining skin health and preventing bacterial or parasitic complications.
• Used for achieving clearer and calmer skin, reducing inflammation and irritation.

In the case of an overdose of Metronidazole Cream, it is important to recognize the potential risks. While the cream is typically applied topically, excessive use can lead to increased absorption and potential systemic effects. Symptoms may include an intensified version of the usual side effects, such as nausea, dizziness, or skin irritation. If an overdose is suspected, it is advisable to discontinue use, thoroughly wash the affected area, and consult a healthcare professional for further guidance and management.

In the case of a missed dose of Metronidazole Cream, it is important to apply the medication as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed application. If you have missed multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to proceed, as they may advise you to restart the treatment or provide specific instructions to ensure the medication's effectiveness.

To apply Metronidazole Cream, clean and dry the affected skin area, then apply a thin layer of the cream to the skin as directed by your healthcare provider, usually twice a day, gently rubbing it into the skin until it is evenly distributed.

Here are the conditions or situations when Metronidazole Cream should not be used:

• Do not use if you are allergic to Metronidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives.
• Avoid using Metronidazole Cream if you have a history of blood disorders or central nervous system diseases.
• Contraindicated in individuals with a history of sensitivity or reactions to any of the cream's components.
• Should not be used on open wounds, severe skin burns, or broken skin.
• Do not apply near the eyes, mouth, or other mucous membranes.
• Metronidazole Cream is not recommended for children, especially newborns or infants.
• Avoid using this medication if you have a history of peripheral neuropathy, as it may worsen this condition.
• Do not use on skin conditions like eczema, psoriasis, or rosacea, unless specifically prescribed for these conditions.

The side effects of Metronidazole Cream may include:

• Skin irritation at the application site
• Burning or stinging sensation
• Itching or redness
• Dry skin
• Peeling or scaling of the skin
• Mild skin rash
• Swelling or tenderness

Following are the precautions and warnings:

• Metronidazole Cream should not be used by individuals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to metronidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives.
• Avoid applying the cream near open flames or while smoking, as it may contain flammable ingredients.
• This medication is for external use only and should not be ingested or used in the eyes or mouth.
• Do not cover the treated area with airtight dressings, as this may increase the risk of skin irritation.
• Avoid excessive sunlight or UV exposure during treatment, as the skin may become more sensitive.
• Caution is advised for patients with a history of liver disease, as metronidazole can affect liver function. Regular monitoring may be necessary.
• If symptoms persist or worsen, or if any unusual skin reactions occur, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional immediately.
• Keep Metronidazole Cream out of reach of children and pets. Store it as directed on the packaging.

Following are the drug interactions for Metronidazole Cream:

• Avoid using other topical medications (especially those containing alcohol or astringents) at the same treatment site, as they may cause skin irritation.
• Concomitant use with disulfiram or other alcohol-containing products can cause severe nausea and vomiting.
• May interact with warfarin and other anticoagulants, potentially altering their effectiveness and increasing bleeding risk.
• The cream may increase the plasma levels of Busulfan, an anti-cancer medication, requiring close monitoring.
• Lithium levels may be affected, and lithium toxicity risk may increase when used together.
• When combined with certain anticonvulsants like phenytoin, the cream may decrease their effectiveness.
• Propranolol's metabolism can be inhibited, leading to increased side effects.

Following are the food interactions for Metronidazole Cream:

• Avoid consuming alcohol during and a few days after the treatment with Metronidazole Cream, as it can cause a disulfiram-like reaction with symptoms like nausea, vomiting, flushing, and headache.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they may affect the metabolism of the medication, leading to increased levels of Metronidazole in the body.
• Dairy products like milk, cheese, and yogurt can potentially decrease the absorption of Metronidazole. It is advisable to take the medication at least one hour before or two hours after consuming dairy.
• Avoid consuming foods high in tyramine, such as aged cheeses, cured meats, and certain types of beer, as Metronidazole may interact with tyramine and cause a spike in blood pressure.
• Caffeinated beverages like coffee and energy drinks may increase the stimulatory side effects of Metronidazole, so it's best to limit or avoid them.
• Spicy foods might exacerbate gastrointestinal side effects such as stomach discomfort and diarrhea, so it's advisable to moderate their consumption.
• Avoid eating or drinking anything that contains propylene glycol, a common food additive, as it may interact with Metronidazole and affect its effectiveness.
• Always follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding dietary restrictions and any specific food interactions with Metronidazole Cream.

Metronidazole Cream should be stored with caution to ensure its effectiveness and safety. Keep the cream in a cool, dry place, preferably at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and heat sources like ovens or radiators. The original container should be tightly sealed to maintain its integrity and prevent contamination. It is crucial not to store it in the bathroom due to moisture concerns. Always check the expiration date, and if the cream has expired or is no longer needed, do not flush it or pour it down the drain. Contact your pharmacist or healthcare provider for guidance on safe disposal methods to protect the environment. Additionally, keep the cream out of children's reach to prevent accidental application or ingestion.

Following are the quick tips for Metronidazole Cream:

• Wash your hands thoroughly before applying the cream to ensure a clean application.
• Apply a thin layer of cream to the affected area as directed by your doctor.
• Gently rub the cream into the skin until it is completely absorbed.
• Avoid applying the cream to broken or irritated skin.
• Do not cover the treated area with bandages or tight clothing to allow proper ventilation.
• Continue using the cream for the full prescribed length of treatment, even if symptoms improve.
• Store the cream at room temperature, away from excessive heat and moisture.