NEOPLATINE 45ML INJ

Carboplatin, the active ingredient in Carboplatin Injection, exerts its anticancer effects by primarily targeting and binding to DNA. It forms both inter• and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, which interfere with DNA replication and transcription. These crosslinks induce cellular damage, specifically DNA damage response pathways, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in rapidly dividing cancer cells. The mechanism involves the formation of a reactive platinum complex that reacts with the nucleophilic sites of DNA bases, resulting in DNA adducts. The unique structure of carboplatin allows it to bypass some of the inherent resistance mechanisms associated with other platinum-based drugs, contributing to its effectiveness in treating various types of cancer.

Carboplatin

Platinum-based antineoplastic agent.

Injection

The following are the uses of Carboplatin Injection:

• Used for treating various types of cancers, particularly ovarian, lung, and head and neck cancers.
• Used for stopping or slowing the growth of cancer cells by interfering with their DNA.
• Used for providing a platinum-based chemotherapy option with potentially fewer side effects compared to other platinum drugs.
• Used for combination therapy with other cancer medications to enhance effectiveness.
• Used for neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy before or after surgery or radiation treatment.
• Used for improving survival rates and managing symptoms in advanced cancer stages.
• Used for individualized dosing based on patient characteristics and kidney function.
• Used for delivering chemotherapy through intravenous infusion in a controlled manner.

In the case of an overdose of Carboplatin Injection, immediate medical intervention is necessary. Symptoms of overdose may include severe nausea, vomiting, and significant decreases in blood cell counts, leading to increased risk of infection and bleeding. Prompt treatment should focus on managing these symptoms and providing supportive care. Medical professionals will closely monitor the patient's vital signs and administer appropriate therapies to counteract the effects of the overdose.

In the case of a missed dose of Carboplatin Injection, it is important to consult your healthcare provider for guidance. They will advise you on whether to administer the missed dose or skip it entirely. Never attempt to double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this can lead to serious side effects. Your healthcare provider will determine the best course of action based on your specific treatment plan and medical condition. It is crucial to follow their instructions carefully to ensure the effectiveness of the medication.

To administer Carboplatin Injection, ensure the medication is at room temperature, clean the injection site with an alcohol wipe, insert the needle subcutaneously or intramuscularly as directed by your healthcare provider, inject the prescribed amount slowly, and properly dispose of the needle and syringe after use.

Here are the conditions or situations when Carboplatin Injection should not be used:

• Must not be used in patients with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Carboplatin or other platinum-containing compounds.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe bone marrow suppression or significantly low blood cell counts.
• Not recommended for patients with severe kidney disease or impaired kidney function.
• Should not be administered to pregnant women as it may cause harm to the developing fetus.
• Avoid use in breastfeeding mothers as it can pass into breast milk and harm the nursing infant.
• Patients with a history of hearing loss or severe hearing impairment should not receive Carboplatin.
• Not suitable for patients with uncontrolled seizures or a history of severe neurological disorders.
• Contraindicated in patients with certain blood disorders, such as sickle cell anemia or red blood cell disorders.
• Should not be used in patients with a history of severe allergic reactions to multiple drugs.
• Avoid use in patients with uncorrected low calcium, magnesium, or potassium levels.

The side effects of Carboplatin Injection may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Fatigue and weakness
• Hair loss (alopecia)
• Decreased appetite
• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Mouth sores or ulcers
• Changes in taste or taste loss
• Low blood cell counts, which can lead to increased risk of infection, easy bruising, and fatigue.

Following are the precautions and warnings for Carboplatin Injection:

• Not recommended for patients with severe bone marrow depression or those who have a history of severe allergic reactions to carboplatin or other platinum-containing compounds.
• Requires careful monitoring of blood cell counts, as it can cause myelosuppression, leading to decreased white blood cells, platelets, and red blood cells.
• Should be administered by trained healthcare professionals in a controlled medical setting due to its potential for severe adverse effects.
• May cause kidney damage, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or those receiving high doses. Regular kidney function tests are necessary.
• Can lead to hearing impairment, particularly in patients with existing hearing problems or those receiving high cumulative doses. Audiometric testing is recommended.
• Patients should be advised to maintain adequate hydration before and after treatment to reduce the risk of kidney toxicity.
• Use with caution in elderly patients, as they may be more susceptible to the drug's side effects and require closer monitoring.

Following are the drug interactions for Carboplatin Injection:

• Avoid using with other nephrotoxic drugs, as it may increase the risk of kidney damage.
• Concomitant use with ototoxic medications can enhance the risk of hearing impairment.
• Carboplatin may decrease the effectiveness of myelosuppressive drugs, and careful monitoring is required.
• Thrombocytopenia can be exacerbated when used with other drugs that affect platelet function.
• Anticonvulsants may interact, and dosage adjustments might be necessary to maintain seizure control.
• Nephrotoxic antibiotics, when combined with Carboplatin, can increase kidney toxicity.
• Drugs that are primarily eliminated by the kidneys may have increased levels when used with Carboplatin, requiring dosage adjustments.

Following are the food interactions for Carboplatin Injection:

• Carboplatin may cause nausea and vomiting, so it is advisable to have a light meal before the injection and avoid heavy, greasy, or spicy foods to minimize gastrointestinal discomfort.
• Adequate hydration is crucial; ensure you drink plenty of fluids before and after the injection, preferably water, to help maintain kidney function and flush out the medication.
• Alcohol consumption should be avoided as it can increase the risk of side effects and may negatively impact liver function, which is crucial for metabolizing Carboplatin.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be avoided as they can interfere with the metabolism of Carboplatin, potentially leading to increased toxicity.
• Foods rich in antioxidants, such as berries, leafy greens, and nuts, may help reduce oxidative stress caused by the medication and support overall health.
• Consider a diet rich in lean proteins to support tissue repair and recovery, as Carboplatin can be myelosuppressive.
• Avoid raw or undercooked foods to reduce the risk of infection, as Carboplatin can compromise the immune system.
• Consult your healthcare provider for personalized dietary recommendations based on your overall health and treatment plan.

Carboplatin Injection should be stored properly to maintain its stability and effectiveness. Keep the medication in a controlled room temperature environment, ideally between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C), away from excessive heat, direct sunlight, and moisture. It is crucial to store the injection in its original packaging, ensuring the seal is intact to prevent contamination. Do not freeze the medication as it may affect its potency. Once opened, handle the injection aseptically and use immediately. If unused, proper disposal is essential. Do not dispose of Carboplatin Injection by flushing it down the toilet or pouring it down the drain. Contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance on safe disposal methods to protect the environment and prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Carboplatin Injection:

• Carboplatin Injection is typically administered by a healthcare professional in a controlled medical setting.
• Ensure you inform your doctor about any allergies or medical conditions before receiving the injection.
• The injection is usually given slowly over a period of time to minimize side effects.
• Stay well-hydrated before and after the injection to help your kidneys function properly.
• Avoid contact with the eyes; in case of accidental contact, rinse thoroughly with water.
• Report any signs of an allergic reaction or severe side effects to your healthcare provider immediately.
• Regular blood tests may be required to monitor kidney and liver function during treatment.