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Cilnidipine is a calcium channel blocker that primarily acts by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle cells. It selectively blocks L-type calcium channels, which are responsible for regulating vascular tone and blood pressure. By binding to these channels, Cilnidipine prevents calcium entry, leading to smooth muscle relaxation, particularly in the arterial walls. This mechanism results in vasodilation, which reduces peripheral resistance and lowers blood pressure. Cilnidipine's ability to block both L-type and T-type calcium channels contributes to its effectiveness in managing hypertension, as it provides a dual inhibitory effect on calcium-dependent processes involved in vascular contraction.

Cilnidipine

Calcium channel blocker.

Capsule

The following are the uses of Cilnidipine Capsule:

• Used for managing high blood pressure, effectively relaxing and widening blood vessels to improve blood flow.
• Used for treating hypertension, helping to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
• Used for controlling blood pressure, ensuring it stays within a healthy range.
• Used for preventing cardiovascular complications by improving blood circulation.
• Used for relieving hypertension-related symptoms like headaches and dizziness.
• Used for long-term management of hypertension, providing sustained blood pressure control.
• Used for reducing the workload on the heart, promoting overall cardiovascular health.
• Used for hypertension-induced kidney damage prevention, supporting renal function.

In the case of an overdose of Cilnidipine Capsules, individuals may experience severe hypotension, characterized by a significant drop in blood pressure. This can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting. Other potential effects include an irregular heartbeat, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. Prompt medical intervention is required to manage these symptoms, and individuals should seek emergency care without delay to prevent potential complications from the overdose.

In the case of a missed dose of Cilnidipine Capsule, it is important to take the medication as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Avoid doubling the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. It is advisable to set a reminder or use a pill organizer to help you remember to take your medication on time and minimize the chances of missing a dose. If you frequently miss doses, consult your healthcare provider for guidance on how to manage your medication routine effectively.

To take Cilnidipine Capsule, swallow the capsule whole with a glass of water, preferably at the same time each day, following the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare professional, without crushing or chewing the capsule.

Following are the conditions/situations when Cilnidipine Capsule should not be used:

• Should not be taken by individuals with a known allergy to Cilnidipine or any calcium channel blockers.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe hypotension (very low blood pressure).
• Not recommended for individuals with heart failure or unstable angina.
• Should not be used in patients with aortic stenosis (narrowing of the aortic valve in the heart).
• Contraindicated in patients with severe coronary artery disease.
• Not suitable for individuals with impaired liver function or liver disease.
• Should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
• Avoid in patients with severe renal impairment or end-stage kidney disease.
• Cilnidipine is not recommended for children and adolescents under 18 years of age.
• Should not be used immediately after a heart attack.
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of severe adverse reactions to other calcium channel blockers.
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of gastrointestinal obstruction or paralytic ileus.

The side effects of Cilnidipine Capsule may include:

• Headache
• Dizziness
• Flushing (feeling of warmth or redness in the face)
• Peripheral edema (swelling of legs and feet)
• Fatigue or weakness
• Palpitations (irregular or rapid heartbeat)
• Gastrointestinal discomfort (nausea, abdominal pain)
• Skin rashes or itching

Following are the precautions and warnings for Cilnidipine Capsule:

• Cilnidipine should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity or allergy to cilnidipine or other dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers.
• This medication may cause dizziness or lightheadedness; patients should rise slowly from a sitting or lying position to prevent falls.
• Patients with liver or kidney disease should use Cilnidipine with caution as dosage adjustments may be necessary.
• It is important to monitor blood pressure regularly while taking Cilnidipine, especially during the initial phase of treatment.
• Cilnidipine may interact with other medications; patients should inform their doctor about all medications they are currently taking.
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their healthcare provider before using Cilnidipine, as the effects on the fetus or infant are not fully established.
• Discontinuation of Cilnidipine should be gradual to prevent a sudden rise in blood pressure.
• Patients should not drive or operate heavy machinery if they experience dizziness or fatigue while taking Cilnidipine.

Following are the drug interactions for Cilnidipine Capsule:

• Cilnidipine may interact with other antihypertensive medications, such as beta-blockers or ACE inhibitors, leading to a significant drop in blood pressure.
• Concomitant use with CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, clarithromycin) can increase Cilnidipine levels, resulting in enhanced blood pressure-lowering effects.
• Grapefruit juice should be avoided as it may inhibit CYP3A4, leading to increased Cilnidipine concentrations.
• Cilnidipine may increase the effects of anti-diabetic medications, potentially causing hypoglycemia. Close monitoring of blood glucose levels is advised.
• NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen) may reduce the antihypertensive effects of Cilnidipine.
• The efficacy of Cilnidipine may be decreased when used with CYP3A4 inducers like rifampicin.
• Cilnidipine can interact with diuretics, increasing the risk of hypotension and electrolyte imbalances.

Following are the food interactions for Cilnidipine Capsule:

• Cilnidipine may interact with grapefruit and grapefruit juice, leading to increased drug levels in the blood and potentially causing a drop in blood pressure.
• Alcohol consumption should be avoided as it can increase the blood pressure-lowering effect of Cilnidipine, leading to dizziness or lightheadedness.
• Consuming a high-fat meal can delay the absorption of Cilnidipine, potentially affecting its effectiveness.
• Dairy products like milk and yogurt can interfere with the absorption of Cilnidipine, so it is recommended to take the medication on an empty stomach.
• Grape juice may also impact the metabolism of Cilnidipine, similar to grapefruit juice.
• Avoid excessive salt intake, as it can counteract the blood pressure-lowering effect of Cilnidipine.
• Certain citrus fruits like Seville oranges and tangelos may have a similar effect to grapefruit, so it's best to avoid them.
• Always consult your healthcare provider for specific dietary guidelines while taking Cilnidipine.

Cilnidipine Capsules should be stored in a cool, dry area, ideally at room temperature between 20-25°C (68-77°F). Protect the capsules from direct sunlight and moisture to maintain their integrity. Keep the medication in its original container, tightly sealed, to prevent exposure to air and potential contamination. Do not store it in the bathroom or near heat-emitting appliances, as temperature fluctuations can impact the drug's effectiveness. Dispose of unused or expired capsules responsibly; do not flush them or pour them down the drain. Consult your pharmacist or local waste management guidelines for safe disposal practices. Always keep medications out of children's reach to prevent accidental consumption.

Following are the quick tips for Cilnidipine Capsule:

• Take the capsule as directed by your doctor, typically once daily.
• Swallow the capsule whole with a glass of water; do not crush or chew.
• Consistency is key; take it at the same time each day for better effectiveness.
• Avoid grapefruit juice and alcohol while on this medication.
• Inform your doctor about all medications you're taking to prevent interactions.
• Do not double the dose if you miss one; continue with the next scheduled dose.
• Store the capsules in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.
• Regularly monitor your blood pressure and consult your doctor for adjustments.