Novalgin (500mg/ml) 5 Ampoule Injections

Metamizole sodium, when administered, primarily exerts its analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects through multiple mechanisms. It acts as a non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, reducing the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are key mediators of pain, inflammation, and fever. Additionally, metamizole has been shown to inhibit the enzyme lipoxygenase, further contributing to its anti-inflammatory properties. It also possesses central nervous system effects, including interactions with serotonin and opioid systems, which may contribute to its analgesic action. Moreover, metamizole sodium has been found to have a spasmolytic effect on smooth muscles, which can help in reducing certain types of pain. The combined actions on these various pathways result in the overall therapeutic effects of metamizole sodium.

Metamizole sodium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).

Injection

The following are the uses of Metamizole sodium 500mg injection:

• Used for relieving moderate to severe pain, especially after surgeries or injuries.
• Used for reducing high fever and managing temperature in various inflammatory conditions.
• Used for treating acute migraines and severe headaches when other medications are ineffective.
• Used for managing pain and discomfort during childbirth or post-operative recovery.
• Used for providing quick relief in cases of renal colic and other intense abdominal pain.
• Used for alleviating pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders.
• Used for emergency pain management in trauma cases before comprehensive treatment.

In the case of an overdose of Metamizole sodium 500mg injection, individuals may experience severe adverse effects. Symptoms can include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Agranulocytosis, a serious blood disorder, may develop, leading to a significant decrease in white blood cells. It is imperative to seek urgent medical assistance and provide the patient with supportive care, including monitoring vital signs and managing symptoms until the drug is eliminated from the body.

In the case of a missed dose of Metamizole sodium 500mg injection, it is important to administer the medication as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you have missed multiple doses, consult your healthcare professional for advice on how to safely resume the medication and ensure the best course of action for your specific situation.

To administer Metamizole sodium 500mg injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol swab, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle, and inject the medication slowly, ensuring it is fully dispensed before withdrawing the needle.

Here are the conditions and situations when Metamizole sodium 500mg injection should not be administered:

• Allergic reactions • Contraindicated in individuals with a known or suspected hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to Metamizole sodium or other pyrazolone derivatives.
• Bone Marrow Suppression • Should not be used in patients with existing blood disorders or bone marrow suppression, as it may further decrease the ability to produce blood cells.
• Liver or Kidney Disease • Metamizole sodium should be avoided in patients with severe liver or kidney impairment due to the risk of accumulation and potential toxicity.
• Asthma or Respiratory Disorders • Not recommended for individuals with a history of asthma, bronchospasm, or other respiratory disorders, as it may trigger or worsen breathing difficulties.
• Porphyrin Disorders • Contraindicated in patients with acute intermittent porphyria or other types of porphyria.
• Gastrointestinal Bleeding • Should not be administered to patients with active gastrointestinal bleeding or a history of gastrointestinal ulceration.
• Cardiac Conditions • Use with caution in patients with heart diseases, especially those with a history of heart attack or congestive heart failure.
• Children and Elderly • Metamizole sodium injections may not be suitable for children and elderly patients, and alternative medications should be considered.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding • Not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the first and third trimesters, and should be avoided during breastfeeding.
• Severe Dehydration • Injections should not be used in severely dehydrated patients without proper rehydration measures.
• Patients with Deficiency of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) • Metamizole sodium is contraindicated in individuals with G6PD deficiency due to the risk of hemolytic anemia.

The side effects of Metamizole sodium 500mg injection may include:

• Skin rashes and itching
• Allergic reactions
• Agranulocytosis (a severe decrease in white blood cells)
• Thrombocytopenia (reduced platelet count)
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dizziness or vertigo
• Hypotension (low blood pressure)
• Cardiovascular issues

Following are the precautions and warnings for Metamizole Sodium 500mg Injection:

• Not recommended for individuals with known hypersensitivity or allergic reactions to Metamizole Sodium or other pyrazolone derivatives.
• Use with caution in patients with kidney or liver impairment, as dosage adjustments may be necessary.
• May cause dizziness and drowsiness, so patients should avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until the full effects are known.
• Not recommended for long-term use; should be used for the shortest possible duration to minimize risks.
• Elderly patients may be more susceptible to adverse effects; close monitoring is advised.
• Not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
• Discontinue use and seek medical attention if signs of agranulocytosis or other blood disorders appear, such as fever, sore throat, or unusual bleeding/bruising.

Following are the drug interactions for Metamizole sodium 500mg injection:

• Concurrent use with other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and kidney damage.
• It may reduce the effectiveness of diuretics and antihypertensive medications, requiring careful monitoring of blood pressure.
• Alcohol consumption should be avoided as it can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and liver toxicity.
• Metamizole can enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, necessitating close monitoring of coagulation parameters.
• Caution is advised with antiepileptic drugs, as it may lower the seizure threshold.
• The use of lithium with Metamizole can lead to increased lithium levels, requiring dose adjustments.
• Certain antibiotics, such as rifampicin, can decrease the effectiveness of Metamizole by increasing its metabolism.

Following are the food interactions to consider with Metamizole sodium 500mg injection:

• Alcohol consumption should be avoided as it may increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and liver toxicity.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice are to be avoided as they can inhibit the metabolism of Metamizole, potentially leading to increased blood levels and prolonged effects.
• Caffeine intake should be monitored as it may enhance the analgesic effect of Metamizole, but excessive caffeine can also increase nervousness and insomnia.
• Fatty foods may slightly delay the absorption of Metamizole, but this effect is generally not clinically significant.
• Avoid high-sodium foods as the injection already contains sodium, and excessive sodium intake can lead to fluid retention and elevated blood pressure.
• Spicy foods may increase the risk of gastrointestinal irritation, especially in individuals with sensitive stomachs.
• Avoid large meals before or after taking the injection to minimize the risk of nausea and vomiting.
• Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice regarding diet and medication interactions.

Metamizole sodium 500mg injection should be stored in a controlled environment, preferably in a cool and dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. The ideal storage temperature ranges between 68°F and 77°F (20°C to 25°C). It is crucial to keep the injection in its original packaging, ensuring the seal remains intact until use. Once opened, unused portions should be discarded as the medication's sterility cannot be guaranteed. Proper disposal is essential; do not dispose of this medication in regular household waste or pour it down the drain. Contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist for instructions on safe disposal methods to protect the environment and prevent misuse. Keep this medication securely locked away from children and pets to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Metamizole sodium 500mg injection:

• Administer the injection under medical supervision and as directed by a healthcare professional.
• Ensure the injection is given at the correct site and depth as instructed.
• Verify patient identity and double-check the medication label to prevent medication errors.
• Do not reuse needles or syringes; dispose of them safely after use.
• If you experience pain or discomfort at the injection site, apply a cold compress.
• Avoid alcohol consumption as it may intensify side effects.
• Store the injection at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture.