Novidat (125mg/5ml) 60ml Suspension

Ciprofloxacin, a potent broad-spectrum antibiotic from the fluoroquinolone class, is widely utilized in treating diverse bacterial infections. Its effectiveness stems from a multi-step mechanism of action. First, it easily penetrates bacterial cell membranes, binding to receptors on DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes crucial for cell wall synthesis and DNA replication. Next, Ciprofloxacin inhibits DNA gyrase, preventing the formation of the DNA cleavable complex, thereby impeding DNA replication and repair. Simultaneously, it inhibits topoisomerase IV, disrupting the relaxation of supercoiled DNA necessary for cell division. This dual inhibition prevents bacterial cell division and proliferation. As the bacterial cell persists in attempting division, it accumulates DNA damage, including single-stranded breaks, leading to cell death and the ultimate eradication of the infection. Ciprofloxacin demonstrates remarkable efficacy against gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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Quinolone

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Syrup/Suspension

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Unveiling its multifaceted uses and transformative applications as follows:

• Treatment of adult patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis due to susceptible strains of Escherichia coli or Pyelonephritis
• Treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic prostatitis due to these same organisms.
• Treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections produced by susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, and Staphylococcus aureus.
• Treatment of complicated urinary tract infections such as pyelonephritis or sepsis requiring hospitalization.
• Treatment of skin and skin structure infections, including diabetic foot infections, caused by susceptible strains of Gram-positive organisms, such as Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram-negative organisms, such as Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
• Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Injection, USP is also indicated for the treatment of infectious exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by susceptible isolates of Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• Treatment of adult patients with acute sinusitis caused by susceptible strains of S. aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Moraxella catarrhalis.
• Treatment of invasive fungal infections due to Aspergillus species.

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Tailoring Treatment for Optimal Health, Prescribed Medication Dosage is:

• Acute bacterial sinusitis- 500 mg once daily for 3 days
• Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis- 500 mg once daily for 5 days
• Community-acquired pneumonia- 500 mg once daily for 7 days
• Skin and skin structure infections- 250 mg every 12 hours for 7 days
• Ulcerative colitis- 10 mg/kg to 15 mg/kg once daily, reducing to 5mg/kg once every other day when symptoms are under control, dosage dependent on body weight
• Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or dysplasia- 2.3 mg/kg once daily for up to 7 days
• UTI- 250 mg initial dose, followed by 250 mg every 12 hours for 7 days

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An overdose of ciprofloxacin can cause several gastrointestinal problems including nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Overdoes can also lead to seizures and irregular heart rhythm disorders. If a patient is observed to have taken an overdose, immediate medical help is essential. The patient may need treatment with activated charcoal to bind to the antibiotic and remove it from the body, thus preventing further absorption. The patient's symptoms and vital signs will dictate further care.

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It is important to adhere to a prescribed medication schedule, but if you miss a dose of ciprofloxacin, there are some general guidelines to follow. As soon as possible, it is recommended to take the missed dose. If it is close to your next scheduled dose, it is typically advised to skip the missed dose and return to the regular schedule. However, it is always best to confirm specific instructions for the medication prescribed to you and your particular situation by consulting a physician or pharmacist. They can provide guidance on what to do in case of a missed dose and offer advice on how to proceed.

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Before taking Ciprofloxacin, you should read the medication guide provided by your pharmacist. Take the medication by mouth, usually every 8-12 hours with or without food, or as directed by your doctor. Remember to take it at the same time each day to get the full benefit from it. If you experience dysgeusia (an abnormal sense of taste), try chewing gum or sucking on hard candy to help lessen the effect. If the side effect persists, contact your doctor. It is important to take the full prescribed amount of the medication, even if symptoms disappear, to prevent a return of the infection. You should also inform your doctor if you have a severe kidney disease before using this medication, and consult your doctor if you are pregnant or suspect you may be pregnant as it may harm the unborn baby. Let your doctor know if your condition persists or worsens. Additionally, this medication may cause allergic reactions or problems due to inactive ingredients, so it is important to inform your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to ciprofloxacin or other quinolone antibiotics.

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Discerning instances where this medication may not be appropriate:

• You are allergic to ciprofloxacin or any of the other ingredients.
• You have a history of tendon or joint problems.
• You are pregnant or breastfeeding.

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Unraveling the side effects lurking behind this medications are as follows:

• Ear pain
• Buzzing in the ears
• Eye pain or irritation
• Dry eyes, blurred vision
• Allergic reactions including rashes, hives, itching, swelling of the lips, face, throat, or tongue
• Difficulty breathing
• Chest pain
• Fast heart beat
• Feeling faint
• Vaginal itching or discharge
• Diarrhea
• Nausea

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The warnings and precautions associated with Ciprofloxacin are:

• Patient with known or suspected CNS disorders, risk factors predisposing to seizures, or lower seizure threshold.
• History or risk factors for QT interval prolongation, torsades de pointes, uncorrected hypokalaemia/hypomagnesaemia, cardiac disease (e.g., heart failure, MI, bradycardia).
• Positive family history of aneurysm disease.
• Pre-existing aortic aneurysm or dissection and its risk factors (e.g., Marfan syndrome, vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, hypertension, peripheral atherosclerotic vascular disease).
• Diabetes.
• Previous tendon disorder (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis).
• G6PD deficiency.
• Renal and hepatic impairment.
• Elderly and children.
• Pregnancy and lactation.
• Immunocompromised febrile neutropenic patients.
• Not recommended for streptococcal or gonococcal infections in some countries due to resistance.
• Not effective in treating syphilis.
• Reserved for cases like acute bronchitis, cystitis, or sinusitis when no alternative options exist.

The drug interactions with ciprofloxacin include:

• Antacids (containing aluminum, magnesium) – Ciprofloxacin absorption can be reduced when taken with antacids.
• Warfarin – Ciprofloxacin can enhance the effects of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding.
• Theophylline – Ciprofloxacin can increase the levels of theophylline, potentially leading to toxicity.
• Caffeine – Ciprofloxacin may increase the effects of caffeine, potentially leading to increased side effects.
• CYP1A2 Substrates (e.g., clozapine, tizanidine) – Ciprofloxacin can increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2, leading to potential side effects.
• Methotrexate – Ciprofloxacin may increase methotrexate levels, increasing the risk of toxicity.
• Probenecid – Probenecid can increase ciprofloxacin levels by inhibiting its renal excretion.
• Cyclopropane – Ciprofloxacin can enhance the effects of cyclopropane, increasing the risk of seizures.
• Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) – Combining ciprofloxacin with NSAIDs can increase the risk of central nervous system stimulation and seizures.
• Antiarrhythmic Drugs (e.g., quinidine, sotalol) – Ciprofloxacin may increase the risk of QT interval prolongation when used with antiarrhythmics.

The food interactions that should be considered while using Ciprofloxacin are:

• Avoid taking with dairy products as calcium can interfere with absorption.
• Taking with food may reduce gastrointestinal upset.

Ciprofloxacin is a medication that is typically provided in a liquid form and should be stored at room temperature in order to retain its effectiveness. The ideal temperature for storing Ciprofloxacin is between 20-25°C (68-77°F), and it should be kept in a cool, dry place away from any direct heat or light. It is strongly advised to avoid freezing the medication as it can significantly diminish its effectiveness. It is also important to keep Ciprofloxacin out of the reach of children, pets, and pets.Ensuring the medication is stored properly is essential to prolong its shelf life, enabling the medication to remain potent and safe for use. The shelf life of Ciprofloxacin, from the date of manufacture, is approximately 2 years, and once opened, it should be used within 28 days. It is paramount to follow the given storage instructions and consult a physician or pharmacist if there are any specific questions or concerns regarding the same.

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