Ophth-chlor 15ml Sterile Ophthalmic Solution

Chloramphenicol, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, exerts its bactericidal effect primarily through a unique mechanism. It specifically targets the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis. Chloramphenicol binds to the peptidyl transferase center on the 50S subunit, preventing the formation of peptide bonds and the subsequent elongation of the polypeptide chain. This action is highly effective against a wide range of bacteria, including some gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as certain intracellular pathogens. By disrupting the vital process of protein synthesis, Chloramphenicol effectively halts bacterial growth and proliferation, making it a valuable tool in combating various bacterial infections.

Chloramphenicol

Antibiotic

Liquid

The following are the uses of Chloramphenicol Liquid:

• Used for treating serious bacterial infections, particularly when other antibiotics may not be suitable.
• Used for its broad-spectrum coverage, effective against a wide range of bacteria.
• Used for controlling infections in specific body sites like the eyes, where it can be applied topically.
• Used as a second-line treatment for meningitis, providing an alternative option.
• Used for its ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, making it useful for brain infections.
• Used in emergency situations for its rapid action against life-threatening infections.
• Used under medical supervision, ensuring proper dosage and monitoring for potential side effects.
• Used for a limited duration due to potential risks, and only when prescribed by a healthcare professional.

In the case of an overdose of Chloramphenicol Liquid, the severity of symptoms may vary based on the amount ingested. Common signs include nausea, vomiting, and a potentially life-threatening blood disorder known as aplastic anemia. Prompt medical intervention is vital, including inducing vomiting or administering activated charcoal to minimize absorption. Timely access to healthcare professionals is essential for managing adverse effects and ensuring the patient's well-being.

In the case of a missed dose of Chloramphenicol Liquid, it is important to administer the medication as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to safely resume the medication without affecting the treatment's effectiveness. It's crucial to maintain consistency in the administration of this medication for optimal results.

To take Chloramphenicol Liquid, shake the bottle well, then use a measuring device like a dosing syringe to measure the prescribed amount, and administer it orally, following the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare professional.

Following are the conditions or circumstances when Chloramphenicol Liquid should not be used:

• Must not be administered to patients with a documented allergy or hypersensitivity to Chloramphenicol or related antibiotics.
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of bone marrow depression or blood disorders.
• Contraindicated in patients with known or suspected liver impairment or liver disease.
• Avoid using in newborns, especially premature babies, due to the risk of increased side effects.
• Should not be used in patients with a history of aplastic anemia or agranulocytosis.
• Not recommended for individuals with a deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD).
• Avoid using in patients with a history of gastrointestinal diseases or conditions that might lead to gastrointestinal bleeding.

The side effects of Chloramphenicol Liquid may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Loss of appetite
• Sore throat
• Unusual tiredness or weakness
• Skin rashes or itching
• Greyish-blue discoloration of the skin, especially in newborns
• Blood-related disorders, such as anemia or reduced white blood cell count

Following are the precautions and warnings for Chloramphenicol Liquid:

• Do not use if you are allergic to Chloramphenicol or any of its ingredients.
• Blood tests are required before and during treatment to monitor blood cell counts and liver function.
• Caution in patients with liver or kidney disease, as dosage adjustments may be necessary.
• Avoid prolonged use as it may lead to serious side effects, including blood disorders and kidney issues.
• Do not consume alcohol while taking Chloramphenicol, as it may increase the risk of side effects.
• Patients should be closely monitored for signs of bone marrow suppression, especially during long-term treatment.
• Not recommended for use in infants, pregnant or breastfeeding women unless under strict medical supervision.

Following are the drug interactions for Chloramphenicol Liquid:

• Chloramphenicol may reduce the effectiveness of live vaccines (e.g., measles, mumps, rubella, varicella) and should not be administered concurrently.
• It can interact with bone marrow suppressants, further increasing the risk of blood disorders.
• Concomitant use with other antibiotics like penicillin or ampicillin may reduce the effectiveness of both drugs.
• Chloramphenicol can decrease the metabolism of phenytoin, leading to increased phenytoin levels and potential toxicity.
• The liquid form may contain alcohol, which can interact with metronidazole or disulfiram, causing unpleasant side effects.
• Anticoagulants such as warfarin may have enhanced effects when used with Chloramphenicol, increasing the risk of bleeding.
• Caution is advised with drugs affecting the central nervous system, as Chloramphenicol can cause dizziness and impair thinking.

Following are the food interactions for Chloramphenicol Liquid:

• Avoid consuming alcohol during the treatment with Chloramphenicol as it may increase the risk of side effects and could potentially damage the liver.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they can affect the absorption and metabolism of Chloramphenicol, leading to increased drug levels in the body.
• Dairy products like milk, yogurt, and cheese may reduce the absorption of Chloramphenicol, so it is best to take the medication at least 1-2 hours before or after consuming dairy.
• High-fat meals can delay the absorption of Chloramphenicol, so it is recommended to take the medication on an empty stomach or at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.
• Vitamin B12 levels may be affected by Chloramphenicol, so ensure a balanced diet or consider supplements if prescribed by your doctor.
• If you have a diet rich in protein, especially red meat, it can affect the metabolism of Chloramphenicol, potentially reducing its effectiveness.
• Avoid herbal supplements like Echinacea and St. John's Wort as they may interact with Chloramphenicol and decrease its effectiveness.
• Certain foods rich in tyramine, such as aged cheeses, cured meats, and fermented foods, should be avoided as they may interact with Chloramphenicol and increase blood pressure.

Chloramphenicol Liquid should be stored in a secure and controlled environment, specifically in a cool and dry place, maintaining a temperature between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C). It is crucial to keep the liquid away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture to ensure its stability and effectiveness. Always store it in its original container, tightly sealed, to prevent contamination. When disposing of Chloramphenicol Liquid, do not pour it down the drain or flush it into the toilet. Instead, follow local guidelines or consult your pharmacist for safe disposal methods to protect the environment. Keep this medication out of children's reach to prevent accidental consumption, as it can be harmful if ingested without proper medical supervision.

Following are the quick tips for Chloramphenicol Liquid:

• Administer the liquid medicine as directed by your doctor or pharmacist.
• Measure the dose accurately using the provided measuring device.
• Give the medicine to your child with a full glass of water to make it easier to swallow.
• Ensure the child completes the full course of medication, even if they start feeling better.
• Store the liquid medication at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture.
• Do not freeze the liquid as it may affect its potency.
• Regularly monitor your child's progress while on this medication and report any concerns to your healthcare provider.