Optachlor (1%) 5g Eye Ointment

Chloramphenicol ointment exhibits its therapeutic effect through the action of its active ingredient, chloramphenicol. This broad-spectrum antibiotic functions by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Specifically, it binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thereby preventing the formation of peptide bonds and the subsequent assembly of amino acids into proteins. By disrupting this vital process, chloramphenicol effectively halts bacterial growth and multiplication, ultimately leading to the eradication of the bacterial infection. This mechanism of action is central to the ointment's effectiveness in treating various bacterial infections, particularly those affecting the skin and eyes.

Chloramphenicol

Antibiotic ointment.

Ointment

The following are the uses of Chloramphenicol Ointment:

• Used for treating bacterial eye infections such as conjunctivitis.
• Used for preventing eye infections after eye injuries or surgeries.
• Used for controlling bacterial skin infections, especially in wounds or burns.
• Used for reducing the risk of infection in minor skin grafts.
• Used for treating acne caused by certain bacteria.
• Used for managing skin conditions like impetigo and cellulitis.
• Used for maintaining eye hygiene during contact lens use.

In the case of an overdose of Chloramphenicol Ointment, it is important to take prompt action. Firstly, thoroughly wash the affected area with mild soap and water to remove any excess ointment. If irritation or redness persists, contact a healthcare professional for advice. They may suggest further treatment options or recommend monitoring for potential side effects. It is crucial to follow the prescribed dosage instructions to prevent such incidents.

In the case of a missed dose of Chloramphenicol Ointment, it is important to apply the medication as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not apply extra ointment to make up for the missed dose, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to proceed, as they may advise you to restart the medication or provide alternative instructions.

To apply Chloramphenicol Ointment, wash your hands thoroughly, gently clean the affected eye or skin area, and then apply a thin layer of the ointment to the affected eye or skin, typically 1-3 times a day, or as directed by your healthcare professional, taking care to follow the prescribed dosage and duration of treatment.

Following are the conditions when Chloramphenicol Ointment should not be used:

• Do not use if you have a known allergy or sensitivity to Chloramphenicol or any of its ingredients.
• Avoid using Chloramphenicol Ointment if you have a history of bone marrow depression or blood disorders.
• Do not apply to large areas of skin or open wounds.
• Not recommended for individuals with a history of severe kidney or liver disease.
• Contraindicated in individuals with a history of optic neuritis or aplastic anemia.
• Should not be used in patients with a known or suspected bacterial resistance to Chloramphenicol.
• Avoid using this medication if you have a condition that requires the use of contact lenses, as it may cause eye irritation.
• Do not use Chloramphenicol Ointment if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, unless directed by a healthcare professional.
• Do not use this medication for longer than prescribed, especially in infants and young children.

The side effects of Chloramphenicol Ointment may include:

• Itching or irritation at the application site
• Redness or swelling of the skin
• Allergic reactions, such as rash or hives
• Skin dryness or peeling
• Burning or stinging sensation
• Increased sensitivity to sunlight
• Skin discoloration or hyperpigmentation

Following are the precautions and warnings for Chloramphenicol Ointment:

• Do not use if you are allergic to Chloramphenicol or any of its ingredients.
• Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes; if contact occurs, rinse thoroughly with water.
• This medication is for external use only; do not ingest or apply to broken skin.
• Wash your hands before and after applying the ointment to avoid contamination.
• Do not use on large areas of the body or for prolonged periods without medical supervision.
• If the treated area shows signs of increased irritation, redness, or swelling, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.
• Keep out of reach of children and pets; store in a cool, dry place.

Following are the drug interactions for Chloramphenicol Ointment:

• Topical use with other antibiotics like neomycin or fusidic acid may increase the risk of skin reactions and bacterial resistance.
• Chloramphenicol can interact with systemic medications like warfarin, potentially affecting blood clotting and requiring close monitoring.
• Concomitant use with other eye drops containing silver or mercury compounds should be avoided due to potential toxicity.
• Prolonged use with other topical corticosteroids may lead to increased risk of bacterial or fungal infections.
• The effectiveness of live attenuated vaccines may be reduced when administered concurrently with Chloramphenicol Ointment.
• Caution is advised when using Chloramphenicol Ointment with other medications that cause bone marrow suppression, as this may increase the risk of hematological side effects.
• It may interact with other medications metabolized by the liver, potentially affecting drug levels in the body.

Following are the food interactions to be aware of when using Chloramphenicol Ointment:

• Chloramphenicol may decrease the absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) from the intestine. Consuming a diet rich in these vitamins and essential fatty acids is advisable.
• Avoid excessive consumption of foods containing vitamin K (like leafy green vegetables, liver, and soybean oil) as it can reduce the effectiveness of Chloramphenicol.
• Limit the intake of grapefruit and grapefruit juice as they may alter the effectiveness of Chloramphenicol.
• Alcohol consumption should be minimized as it can increase the risk of side effects and may affect the absorption of the medication.
• Dairy products like milk, cheese, and yogurt can interfere with the absorption of Chloramphenicol, so it's best to take the medication on an empty stomach or with a light meal.
• Avoid high-fiber foods like whole grains, legumes, and certain fruits and vegetables, as they may decrease the absorption of Chloramphenicol.
• Certain protein-rich foods like meat and eggs can affect the metabolism of Chloramphenicol, so it's best to maintain a balanced diet without excessive protein intake.
• Ensure adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration, especially when using Chloramphenicol for extended periods.

Chloramphenicol Ointment should be stored in a cool, dry place, preferably at room temperature, ensuring it is kept away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture. The original container should be tightly sealed to maintain its integrity and prevent contamination. It is crucial not to store the ointment in bathrooms or near any heat sources. Always be mindful of the expiration date, and dispose of any remaining ointment responsibly by consulting a pharmacist or healthcare professional for appropriate disposal methods. Keep the medication out of children's reach to prevent accidental contact or ingestion. Proper storage and disposal practices are essential for maintaining the effectiveness and safety of Chloramphenicol Ointment.

Following are the quick tips for Chloramphenicol Ointment:

• Wash your hands before and after applying the ointment to maintain hygiene.
• Clean and dry the affected area before applying the ointment.
• Apply a thin layer of ointment and gently rub it into the skin.
• Avoid applying the ointment on broken or damaged skin.
• Do not cover the treated area with bandages unless directed by a healthcare professional.
• Continue using the ointment for the full prescribed duration, even if symptoms improve.
• Store the ointment at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture.