Otsuka Pladex-10 (10%Dextrose) 1000ml 1s

Dextrose injection, a concentrated solution of glucose, primarily works by rapidly increasing blood glucose levels. Its mechanism of action revolves around providing an immediate source of energy to the body's cells, especially in cases of hypoglycemia or when immediate calorie replenishment is required. When administered intravenously, dextrose is directly absorbed into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. This quick influx of glucose stimulates insulin secretion, which facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells throughout the body, particularly in the brain and muscles. The elevation in blood glucose levels helps restore metabolic balance, enhances cellular function, and provides the energy required for various physiological processes, particularly in critical care settings.

Dextrose

Dextrose injection is a fluid/electrolyte replacement.

Injection

The following are the uses of Dextrose injection:

• Used for providing essential glucose to patients with low blood sugar levels, helping to restore normal blood glucose levels.
• Used for delivering fluids and essential nutrients to patients who are unable to eat or absorb nutrients orally.
• Used for treating dehydration, ensuring rapid fluid replacement and rehydration.
• Used for emergency situations to quickly raise blood glucose levels and improve patient stability.
• Used for patients undergoing surgery or intensive care to maintain energy and metabolic balance.
• Used for preventing hypoglycemia in diabetic patients during insulin therapy.
• Used for correcting metabolic imbalances related to glucose metabolism.
• Used for providing an energy source to cells and tissues during critical illness or injury.

In the case of an overdose of Dextrose injection, it is important to recognize the signs and symptoms, which may include excessive thirst, frequent urination, and elevated blood glucose levels. The severity of symptoms can vary based on the amount ingested. If an overdose is suspected, seek medical advice promptly. Treatment may involve monitoring blood sugar levels and adjusting the dosage accordingly to prevent further complications. It is crucial to act swiftly and consult healthcare professionals for guidance.

In the case of a missed dose of Dextrose injection, it is important to administer the missed dose as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you have any concerns or questions regarding missed doses, it is best to consult your healthcare professional for guidance. They will be able to provide specific instructions based on your individual health needs.

To administer the Dextrose injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol wipe, insert the needle at a 45-degree angle, inject the prescribed amount slowly, and then gently remove the needle, applying pressure with a sterile pad if needed.

Here are the situations when Dextrose Injection should not be used:

• Not suitable for patients with known hypersensitivity or allergies to dextrose or any of the injection components.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) or diabetes mellitus, especially if not well-controlled.
• Should not be used in patients with conditions that cause fluid overload or edema, such as heart failure or severe renal (kidney) impairment.
• Not recommended for patients with conditions that require restricted glucose intake, such as glucose-galactose malabsorption or hereditary fructose intolerance.
• Contraindicated in patients with hyperosmolar state or severe dehydration.
• Should be used with caution and avoided in patients with pulmonary edema or respiratory distress syndrome.
• Not suitable for patients with severe hepatic (liver) impairment or conditions that affect the metabolism of glucose.
• Avoid in patients with thrombosis or risk factors for thrombosis, as it may worsen the condition.
• Should not be used in patients with severe peripheral vascular disease or ischemia.

The side effects of Dextrose Injection may include:

• Pain, swelling, or redness at the injection site
• Hypokalemia (low potassium levels)
• Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)
• Edema (swelling due to fluid retention)
• Thrombophlebitis (inflammation of veins)
• Local tissue damage or necrosis
• Allergic reactions (rash, itching, hives)
• Volume overload or fluid imbalance

Following are the precautions and warnings:

• Dextrose injection should not be administered if the solution appears cloudy or contains particles. Always inspect the solution for any signs of contamination.
• Patients with diabetes or glucose intolerance should be carefully monitored as dextrose can affect blood sugar levels.
• Dextrose injection should be used with caution in patients with heart disease, kidney disease, or those suffering from fluid retention. It may cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
• Do not use if the patient is hypersensitive to dextrose or any of the excipients in the injection.
• Not recommended for central nervous system (CNS) dehydration due to its potential for causing fluid shifts into the CNS.
• Must be used with extreme caution in patients with severe pulmonary insufficiency as it may lead to pulmonary edema.
• Dextrose injection should be administered with caution to patients with advanced liver disease as they may have impaired glucose tolerance.
• This medication should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

Following are the drug interactions for Dextrose Injection:

• Dextrose may enhance the effects of anticoagulants like heparin, potentially requiring dosage adjustments.
• It can affect the distribution of insulin, necessitating close monitoring of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.
• Co-administration with chloramphenicol may increase the risk of metabolic acidosis, especially in neonates.
• Concurrent use with phenytoin may result in reduced phenytoin levels and potential breakthrough seizures.
• Dextrose solutions may alter the distribution of penicillin, affecting its efficacy.
• Barbiturates can increase the metabolic utilization of dextrose, potentially leading to hypoglycemia.
• Prolonged use of dextrose may lead to electrolyte imbalances, especially when used with diuretics.

Following are the food interactions for Dextrose Injection:

• Dextrose injection should not be mixed with solutions containing bicarbonates, as it can cause the formation of carbon dioxide and a precipitate, which may lead to blockage in the IV line.
• Avoid using solutions with alkaline pH, as dextrose can undergo degradation and form harmful compounds.
• Aminophylline, erythromycin, and phenytoin should not be mixed with dextrose as they can precipitate and become ineffective.
• Do not add dextrose to blood products or protein hydrolysate solutions as it may lead to adverse effects.
• Amino acids and electrolytes should be administered separately from dextrose to prevent any potential reactions.
• Avoid using solutions containing calcium or other divalent cations, as they can cause dextrose to degrade.
• Alcohol intake should be monitored as it can affect blood glucose levels, especially in diabetic patients.

Dextrose injection storage and disposal guidelines should be strictly adhered to for safety and efficacy. Store Dextrose injection at room temperature, away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture. Keep the injection in its original packaging, tightly sealed, to maintain sterility and prevent contamination. Do not refrigerate as it may cause crystallization. Always check the expiration date, and dispose of any expired or unused injections promptly. Proper disposal methods should be followed; do not pour it down the drain or flush it. Consult a pharmacist or healthcare professional for guidance on safe disposal practices to protect the environment and public health. Keep it out of children's reach to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Dextrose Injection:

• Administer under medical supervision; do not self-inject.
• Check the solution for clarity and seal integrity before use.
• Use aseptic techniques to avoid contamination during injection preparation.
• Inject slowly as directed by your healthcare provider.
• Rotate injection sites to minimize tissue irritation.
• Dispose of used needles and syringes safely.
• Report any signs of infection or adverse reactions immediately.