PARACODOL 8MG CAP

Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen, primarily works by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are involved in pain and inflammation signaling. It selectively blocks cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes in the central nervous system, reducing the production of prostaglandin E2, which lowers the body's temperature and reduces pain signals. On the other hand, codeine, an opioid analgesic, acts on the central nervous system by binding to opioid receptors, particularly the mu-opioid receptors. This binding results in a decrease in the perception of pain signals transmitted to the brain, leading to analgesia. When combined, paracetamol and codeine provide a synergistic effect, offering enhanced pain relief compared to either medication used alone.

Analgesic, Opioid

Capsule

The following are the uses of Paracetamol, Codeine Capsule:

• Used for relieving mild to moderate pain such as headaches, toothaches, and period pain.
• Used for reducing fever and managing symptoms of colds and flu.
• Used to treat aches and pains associated with muscle strains and sprains.
• Used for easing discomfort from conditions like osteoarthritis and back pain.
• Provides short-term relief from persistent coughs and sore throats.
• Can be used post-surgery to alleviate pain and discomfort.
• Offers relief from pain and fever in children, but dosage should be carefully determined by a healthcare professional.
• May be used for managing pain and fever in various other conditions as advised by a doctor.

In the case of an overdose of Paracetamol and Codeine Capsule, individuals may experience a range of symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and potential liver damage. The severity of the effects depends on the amount ingested. Prompt medical intervention is vital, as healthcare professionals can administer treatments such as activated charcoal and supportive care to manage the overdose and prevent further complications, ensuring the best possible outcome for the patient.

In the case of a missed dose of Paracetamol and Codeine Capsule, it is important to take the medication as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to safely resume your medication regimen. It is generally recommended to store the medication at room temperature and keep it out of reach of children.

To take the Paracetamol, Codeine Capsule, swallow the capsule whole with a full glass of water; do not crush, chew, or open the capsule, as it is designed to be taken orally and the contents should not be altered or manipulated before ingestion.

Here are the conditions and situations when Paracetamol and Codeine Capsule should not be used:

• Avoid using if you have a known allergy or hypersensitivity to paracetamol, codeine, or any other opioid medications.
• Do not use if you have severe respiratory conditions like asthma, hypercapnia (excessive carbon dioxide in the blood), or severe respiratory depression.
• Contraindicated in individuals with acute abdominal conditions such as acute pancreatitis or abdominal surgery.
• Should not be used in patients with severe liver impairment or active liver disease.
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of head injury, increased intracranial pressure, or recent intracranial surgery.
• Avoid using if you have severe kidney impairment or are undergoing dialysis.
• Do not use in patients with a history of substance abuse or opioid dependence.
• Contraindicated during breastfeeding as codeine may pass into breast milk and affect the baby.
• Should not be used in children below a certain age (as recommended by the healthcare provider) due to the risk of respiratory depression.

The side effects of Paracetamol and Codeine Capsules may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Constipation
• Dry mouth
• Sweating
• Itching or skin rash
• Respiratory depression (slowed breathing)
• Allergic reactions (such as hives, swelling, or difficulty breathing)

Following are the precautions and warnings:

• Paracetamol, Codeine Capsule should not be used by individuals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to paracetamol, codeine, or any other ingredients in the capsule.
• This medication may cause respiratory depression, especially in patients with respiratory conditions or those taking other central nervous system depressants. Close monitoring is necessary.
• Caution is advised in patients with liver or kidney impairment, as the dosage may need adjustment to prevent accumulation and potential toxicity.
• Patients should not exceed the recommended dosage or duration of use, as it may lead to liver damage or other serious side effects.
• Do not take this medication with alcohol, as it can increase the risk of liver damage and enhance the sedative effects of codeine.
• Paracetamol, Codeine Capsule should be used with caution in elderly patients, as they may be more susceptible to its side effects, including constipation, dizziness, and sedation.
• Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult their healthcare provider before using this medication, as it can pass into breast milk and may have potential risks for the infant.
• Patients should seek medical attention immediately if they experience symptoms of an allergic reaction, severe constipation, difficulty breathing, or any other unexpected severe side effects.

Following are the drug interactions for Paracetamol, Codeine Capsule:

• Alcohol and other central nervous system depressants like benzodiazepines can enhance respiratory depression and sedation when used with codeine.
• Paracetamol may increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, requiring closer monitoring of INR.
• Codeine can interact with other opioids, leading to increased respiratory depression and sedation.
• It may decrease the efficacy of diuretics by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.
• Anticonvulsants like phenytoin and carbamazepine can lower paracetamol levels by inducing its metabolism.
• Codeine can interact with certain antidepressants, increasing the risk of serotonin syndrome.
• Drugs that inhibit CYP450 enzymes, such as macrolide antibiotics, can elevate codeine levels, potentially causing toxicity.

Following are the food interactions for Paracetamol and Codeine Capsule:

• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice consumption should be avoided as they can increase the potency of Codeine, leading to potential side effects, including increased sedation and respiratory depression.
• Alcohol should be strictly avoided as it can enhance the sedative effects of Codeine, causing excessive drowsiness and impairing your ability to drive or operate machinery.
• Fatty foods may slow down the absorption of Paracetamol, delaying its pain-relieving effects.
• Caffeine-rich beverages like coffee or energy drinks may counteract the sedative effects of Codeine, potentially leading to increased alertness and insomnia.
• Avoid eating large meals before taking Codeine as it may slow down the capsule's disintegration and absorption, affecting its effectiveness.
• Certain foods containing tyramine, such as aged cheeses, cured meats, and fermented foods, should be limited as they can interact with Codeine and increase the risk of high blood pressure.
• Spicy foods may potentially increase the risk of stomach irritation when taken with Paracetamol, especially in high doses.
• Always consult your healthcare provider for specific dietary advice and instructions related to your medication regimen.

Paracetamol, Codeine Capsule should be stored in a cool, dry place, preferably at room temperature, away from direct exposure to sunlight or moisture. It is crucial to keep the capsules in their original packaging, ensuring the container is tightly sealed to maintain their integrity. Avoid storing them in bathrooms or near heat-emitting appliances as temperature fluctuations can impact their effectiveness. Dispose of any unused or expired capsules responsibly; do not flush them down the toilet or pour them into drainage systems. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal guidelines for appropriate methods. Keep this medication away from children to prevent accidental consumption, ensuring their safety.

Following are the quick tips for Capsule:

• Consult a healthcare professional for the correct dosage based on age and weight.
• Paracetamol can be taken with or without food.
• It is available in various forms like tablets, syrup, and suppositories.
• Do not exceed the recommended dosage without medical advice.
• If fever persists for more than 3 days, consult a doctor.
• Take the capsule as directed by your doctor, usually every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pain relief.
• Swallow the capsule whole with a full glass of water to prevent irritation to the throat.
• Do not crush or chew the capsule as it may release the entire medication at once.
• Codeine may cause dizziness, so avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how it affects you.
• Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to avoid potential drug interactions.