Penorit 20 Tablets

Ethinyloestradiol and Norethisterone are the two hormones combined in the tablet, each with its own mechanism of action. Ethinyloestradiol, a synthetic estrogen, primarily works by binding to estrogen receptors in various target tissues. This binding mimics the natural estrogen hormone, 17-beta-estradiol, leading to both therapeutic effects and side effects. The estrogenic action of ethinyloestradiol inhibits the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland, which in turn suppresses ovulation and prevents pregnancy. Norethisterone, a progestin, acts by binding to progesterone receptors, exerting a progestational effect. It primarily inhibits the release of gonadotropins, preventing ovulation. Additionally, norethisterone alters the endometrium, making it less receptive to implantation, and it also alters the cervical mucus, making it less penetrable by sperm. Together, these mechanisms contribute to the contraceptive efficacy of the combined oral contraceptive tablet.

Ethinyloestradiol, Norethisterone

Oral contraceptive.

Tablet

The following are the uses of Ethinyloestradiol, Norethisterone Tablet:

• Used for preventing pregnancy by stopping the release of eggs and altering the cervical mucus.
• Used for treating endometriosis, a condition where the tissue lining the uterus grows outside the uterus.
• Used for managing irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding.
• Used for alleviating symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness.
• Used for regulating hormonal imbalances and improving menstrual cycle regularity.
• Used for reducing the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancers.
• Used for treating acne and regulating hormonal factors that contribute to skin issues.

In the case of an overdose of Ethinyloestradiol and Norethisterone Tablets, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, breast tenderness, dizziness, and abdominal pain. It is important to seek medical advice promptly if an overdose is suspected. The severity of symptoms can vary, and medical professionals should be consulted to determine the best course of action, which may involve supportive care and monitoring of vital signs. Timely intervention can help manage any adverse effects effectively.

In the case of a missed dose of Ethinyloestradiol and Norethisterone tablets, it is generally recommended to take the missed tablet as soon as you remember, provided it is not more than 12 hours late. If it has been more than 12 hours since the missed dose, skip the missed tablet and continue with the next scheduled dose. It is important not to double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you miss multiple doses, consult your healthcare provider for guidance on how to safely resume your medication schedule.

To take the Ethinyloestradiol, Norethisterone Tablet, start on the first day of your period or as directed by your doctor, swallow one tablet daily at the same time each day, preferably with water, and complete the entire 21-day cycle before starting a new pack or as instructed.

Here are the situations when Ethinyloestradiol and Norethisterone Tablet should not be used:

• Should not be taken if you have a history of blood clots or if you are at high risk of developing blood clots, such as having a family history of blood clotting disorders.
• Contraindicated in individuals with a known or suspected estrogen-dependent cancer, such as certain types of breast or uterine cancer.
• Not suitable for people with a history of stroke or heart attack.
• Should not be used if you have liver disease or impaired liver function.
• Avoid using this medication if you have severe high blood pressure that is not controlled.
• Contraindicated in individuals with a known or suspected pregnancy, as it can cause birth defects.
• Not recommended for individuals with a history of severe migraine headaches.
• Should not be used if you have a history of blood disorders such as thrombocytopenia or porphyria.
• Avoid using this medication if you have a history of breast cancer or any condition that may increase the risk of breast cancer.

The side effects of Ethinyloestradiol, Norethisterone Tablet may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Headaches or migraines
• Breast tenderness or enlargement
• Mood changes, including depression or irritability
• Weight fluctuations and fluid retention
• Skin issues like acne, rash, or brown patches on the face
• Changes in menstrual bleeding patterns
• Increased blood pressure

Following are the precautions and warnings for Ethinyloestradiol, Norethisterone Tablet:

• This medication should not be used by individuals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Ethinyloestradiol, Norethisterone, or any other ingredients in the tablet.
• Patients with a history of blood clots, stroke, heart attack, or circulatory disorders should exercise caution and consult their doctor before use, as it may increase the risk of these conditions.
• Smoking while taking this medication can significantly increase the risk of blood clots and other cardiovascular side effects.
• Women with a history of breast cancer, liver disease, or unexplained vaginal bleeding should inform their doctor before starting this medication.
• Regular medical check-ups are recommended while on this treatment to monitor blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and liver function.
• This medication may decrease the effectiveness of other medications, so inform your doctor about all the medicines you are taking.
• Not recommended for use in postmenopausal women or individuals with impaired liver function, as it may increase the risk of serious side effects.

Following are the drug interactions for Ethinyloestradiol, Norethisterone Tablet:

• This medication may interact with certain antibiotics and antifungal drugs, reducing the effectiveness of the contraceptive effect. Alternative contraceptive methods may be required during and shortly after treatment with these drugs.
• Interactions with antiepileptic medications (e.g., phenytoin, carbamazepine) can decrease the efficacy of the contraceptive, requiring additional contraceptive measures.
• Griseofulvin, a medication used to treat fungal infections, can reduce the effectiveness of this drug.
• St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) may decrease plasma concentrations of the hormones, potentially reducing the contraceptive's efficacy.
• Rifampicin, a potent enzyme inducer, can decrease the effectiveness of this contraceptive.
• Interactions with HIV protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors may impact hormone levels, requiring close monitoring.
• Certain diabetes medications, like rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, may need dosage adjustments when used with this drug due to altered glucose tolerance.

Following are the food interactions for Ethinyloestradiol, Norethisterone Tablet:

• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they may affect the metabolism of Ethinyloestradiol, potentially increasing its levels in the blood and altering its effectiveness.
• Avoid excessive alcohol intake as it can interfere with the liver's ability to metabolize hormones, leading to unpredictable effects on hormone levels.
• Fatty foods may slightly alter the absorption of the hormones, but this effect is generally not clinically significant.
• Keep a consistent diet, as sudden changes in dietary habits may influence hormone metabolism and the overall effectiveness of the medication.
• Vitamin C-rich foods like citrus fruits and broccoli may enhance iron absorption, which is beneficial as oral contraceptives can sometimes decrease iron levels.
• Limit caffeine intake, as high doses of estrogen may increase caffeine sensitivity, potentially causing jitteriness or anxiety.
• Herbal supplements like St. John's Wort should be used cautiously as they can induce liver enzymes, potentially reducing the effectiveness of the medication.
• Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice regarding dietary considerations while taking this medication.

Ethinyloestradiol and Norethisterone Tablets should be stored in a secure and dry location, preferably in a medicine cabinet, at room temperature (around 25°C). Keep the tablets in their original packaging, ensuring the container is tightly sealed to maintain their integrity and effectiveness. It is crucial to protect the medication from excessive heat, moisture, or direct sunlight, as these conditions can degrade the tablets. When disposing of unused or expired tablets, do not throw them into the trash or flush them down the toilet. Instead, contact your local pharmacy or healthcare facility for guidance on proper disposal methods to ensure environmental safety. Keep the medication out of children's reach to prevent accidental consumption, which could be harmful.

Following are the quick tips for Ethinyloestradiol, Norethisterone Tablet:

• Consult your doctor for the right dosage and duration based on your medical condition.
• Take the tablet as directed, preferably at the same time each day.
• It can be taken with or without food, but maintaining a consistent routine is essential.
• If you experience nausea, taking the tablet with a light snack or after meals may help.
• Avoid smoking and inform your doctor if you are a smoker, as it can affect the medication's effectiveness.
• Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to prevent potential drug interactions.
• Do not share this medication with others, even if their symptoms seem similar.
• Store the tablets in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture.