PENTAGLOBIN 10ML INJ

Human Immunoglobulin-G (IgG) injections work by supplementing the body's natural immune response with a concentrated dose of antibodies. The mechanism of action involves the passive transfer of IgG antibodies, which are Y-shaped proteins produced by the immune system to neutralize pathogens. When administered, these exogenous IgG antibodies bind to specific antigens on bacteria, viruses, or other foreign substances in the body. This binding process blocks the interaction between the pathogen and the host cells, preventing infection or mitigating its effects. Additionally, IgG antibodies can activate the complement system, a group of proteins that further enhances the immune response by promoting inflammation and the destruction of pathogens. By providing a high concentration of antibodies specific to various antigens, Human Immunoglobulin-G injections offer immediate protection and help regulate the immune system's response to infections or immune-related disorders.

Human Immunoglobulin-G

Immune globulin

Injection

The following are the uses of Human Immunoglobulin-G Injection:

• Used for boosting the immune system to fight off various infections and diseases.
• Used for treating immune deficiencies, providing antibodies to those with low levels.
• Used for preventing certain infections, especially in individuals with compromised immunity.
• Used for reducing inflammation and managing autoimmune conditions.
• Used for treating neurological disorders by modulating the immune response.
• Used for post-exposure prophylaxis, preventing disease after potential exposure.
• Used for neutralizing toxins and managing toxic effects in the body.
• Used for supporting recovery and preventing complications in specific medical procedures.

In the case of an overdose of Human Immunoglobulin-G Injection, it is important to monitor for potential side effects, which may include mild symptoms such as headache, nausea, or flu-like symptoms. Severe cases of overdose could lead to more serious reactions, including anaphylaxis, although this is rare. Patients should be advised to seek medical advice if they experience any adverse reactions after administering the medication, especially if they have accidentally exceeded the prescribed dosage.

In the case of a missed dose of Human Immunoglobulin-G Injection, it is important to consult your healthcare provider for guidance. The missed dose should be administered as soon as possible, but if it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, the missed dose can be skipped. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. Your healthcare provider will advise you on how to adjust the dosing schedule and ensure you receive the necessary treatment.

To administer the Human Immunoglobulin-G Injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol swab, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle, and inject the prescribed dose subcutaneously, ensuring the entire medication is delivered by slowly pressing the plunger, and then safely dispose of the needle and syringe after use.

Following are the conditions/situations when Human Immunoglobulin-G Injection should not be administered:

• Should not be used if the patient has a history of severe allergic reactions to immunoglobulin or any of its excipients.
• Contraindicated in individuals with selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency, as they may have antibodies against IgA which can cause severe allergic or life-threatening reactions.
• Not recommended for patients with severe thrombocytopenia or a history of thrombotic events, as it may increase the risk of further clotting.
• Should not be used in individuals with severe kidney impairment or disease, as it can further worsen kidney function.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe systemic infections, especially untreated bacterial infections.
• Not suitable for individuals with severe anemia or a history of intravascular hemolysis.
• Should not be administered to patients with a history of severe anaphylactic reactions to human immunoglobulin.

The side effects of Human Immunoglobulin-G Injection may include:

• Headaches
• Joint pain
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Nausea
• Chills
• Injection site reactions (such as pain, swelling, or redness)
• Allergic reactions (including rash, itching, and difficulty breathing)

Following are the precautions and warnings:

• Human Immunoglobulin-G Injection should not be administered to individuals with a known history of severe hypersensitivity or anaphylactic reactions to immunoglobulin preparations.
• Patients with a history of thrombosis or risk factors for thrombosis should be monitored closely for potential thrombotic events after administration.
• Ensure proper fluid status in patients before administration, especially in those with a history of renal impairment or dehydration.
• Human Immunoglobulin-G should be administered with caution to individuals with a history of immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency, as there is a potential risk of anaphylaxis.
• Monitor for signs of renal dysfunction during and after treatment, particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney issues or when using high doses.
• This injection should be given slowly, and patients should be observed for adverse reactions during and after administration.
• Pregnant and breastfeeding women should only use this medication if clearly needed and under the supervision of a healthcare professional.
• It is important to ensure that the product is clear and free of particles before administration.

Following are the drug interactions for Human Immunoglobulin-G Injection:

• Concurrent administration with live vaccines (e.g., measles, mumps, rubella [MMR], varicella) may reduce vaccine effectiveness; a minimum gap of 3 months is recommended before vaccination.
• Immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., corticosteroids, chemotherapy, biologics) may reduce the efficacy of Human Immunoglobulin-G by altering immune response.
• Combining with anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, heparin) may increase the risk of bleeding due to possible effects on coagulation factors.
• Immunoglobulin therapy may interfere with serological testing, leading to false-positive or altered test results for infections and autoimmune conditions.
• Concomitant use with nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides, NSAIDs, vancomycin) may increase the risk of kidney dysfunction, requiring monitoring in high-risk patients.
• Co-administration with other immunoglobulin products may alter immune response and antibody levels.
• Certain medications affecting immune function (e.g., mycophenolate, cyclosporine, tacrolimus) may reduce the effectiveness of Human Immunoglobulin-G in providing passive immunity.
• Blood-thinning herbal supplements (e.g., ginkgo biloba, garlic, ginger) may further increase the risk of bleeding when taken alongside immunoglobulin therapy.
• Monoclonal antibodies (e.g., infliximab, rituximab) may interact with Human Immunoglobulin-G, potentially affecting immune modulation and therapeutic response.
• Caution is advised when using with diuretics (e.g., furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide) due to the risk of volume overload and fluid imbalances.

Following are the food interactions for Human Immunoglobulin-G Injection:

• Avoid live or live-attenuated vaccines, like measles, mumps, and rubella, as Human Immunoglobulin-G can interfere with their effectiveness.
• Ensure adequate fluid intake, as this medication may increase urine output, especially in patients with pre-existing kidney issues.
• There is no specific food restriction, but maintaining a balanced diet is recommended to support overall health.
• Avoid high-sugar foods and beverages, as this injection can impact blood sugar levels.
• Limit alcohol consumption, as it may interact with the medication's effects and increase the risk of side effects.
• Inform your healthcare provider if you have any dietary restrictions or allergies to ensure safe medication use.
• No significant interactions with specific foods are known, but always consult healthcare professionals for personalized advice.

Storage and disposal of Human Immunoglobulin-G Injection require specific attention to maintain its integrity and ensure safety. Store the injection at room temperature, away from excessive heat, direct sunlight, and moisture. Keep it in its original packaging, tightly sealed, to prevent contamination. Do not store it in the bathroom or near any heat-emitting appliances. Regularly check the expiration date, and dispose of any expired or unused vials responsibly. Avoid flushing or pouring the medication down the drain; instead, consult a healthcare professional or pharmacist for appropriate disposal methods. Keep the injection out of children's reach to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Human Immunoglobulin-G Injection:

• Ensure the injection is administered by a trained healthcare professional.
• Verify the dosage and injection site as instructed by your doctor.
• Relax and breathe normally during the injection process.
• Inform the healthcare provider if you experience any discomfort.
• Report any adverse reactions or side effects immediately.
• Do not reuse needles or syringes; dispose of them safely.
• Store the injection as directed on the packaging, away from direct sunlight.
• Keep a record of your injection dates for reference.