PLADEX 5% 100ML

Dextrose infusion, a sterile solution of glucose in water, acts primarily by providing exogenous calories for cellular metabolism. When administered intravenously, dextrose directly enters the bloodstream, elevating blood glucose levels. This rise in blood glucose stimulates the release of insulin, which facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells throughout the body. Subsequently, glucose undergoes cellular respiration, generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) • the primary source of energy for various physiological processes. The infusion of dextrose is particularly crucial in situations where oral nutrition is inadequate or impossible, such as in severe malnutrition, post-surgical recovery, or during periods of heightened metabolic demand. Its rapid provision of energy supports the maintenance of vital organ functions, promotes tissue healing, and aids in the restoration of depleted glycogen stores.

Dextrose

Intravenous fluid.

Infusion

The following are the uses of Dextrose Infusion:

• Used for providing essential glucose to patients who cannot eat or absorb nutrients from food.
• Used for rapid energy supply to treat low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
• Used for rehydration and fluid replacement therapy.
• Used for maintaining blood glucose levels during surgery or intensive care.
• Used for preventing dehydration and supporting metabolic functions.
• Used for emergency treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.
• Used for managing hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) by providing insulin and glucose.
• Used for dilution and delivery of compatible medications intravenously.

To be administered as per instructions of a healthcare practitioner

In the case of an overdose of Dextrose Infusion, symptoms may include elevated blood glucose levels, leading to hyperglycemia. This can result in increased thirst, frequent urination, and potential dehydration. Over time, if left untreated, it may cause more severe complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, requiring immediate medical intervention and rehydration therapy to restore fluid and electrolyte balance. Prompt recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent these adverse effects.

In the case of a missed dose of Dextrose Infusion, it is important to administer the medication as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular infusion schedule. Do not administer a double dose to make up for the missed one, as this may lead to potential health risks. Contact your healthcare provider if you frequently miss doses or have concerns about managing your infusion schedule. They can provide guidance and ensure that you receive the appropriate medical care.

To administer the Dextrose Infusion, insert the intravenous (IV) line into the vein as directed by a healthcare professional, ensuring proper insertion, and then attach the infusion bag, allowing the dextrose solution to flow at the prescribed rate into the bloodstream.

Following are the conditions or situations when Dextrose Infusion should not be used:

• Should not be administered if the patient is known to be allergic to dextrose or any of the infusion components.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) or diabetic ketoacidosis.
• Not recommended for patients with conditions like hemolytic anemia or advanced kidney disease.
• Avoid use in patients with severe dehydration or fluid overload.
• Should not be used in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe pulmonary edema.
• Not suitable for patients with severe liver disease or hepatic coma.
• Avoid use in patients with severe respiratory conditions or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

The side effects of Dextrose Infusion may include:

• Hypokalemia (low potassium levels)
• Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)
• Edema (swelling) at the infusion site
• Phlebitis (inflammation of the vein)
• Thrombosis (blood clot formation)
• Volume overload, leading to pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs)
• Allergic reactions (rash, itching, hives)
• Local infection at the infusion site

Following are the precautions and warnings for Dextrose Infusion:

• Not suitable for patients with hyperglycemia or diabetes, as it can further elevate blood glucose levels.
• Caution is required in patients with conditions like kidney disease, liver disease, or heart failure, as it may lead to fluid overload and electrolyte imbalances.
• Intravenous administration should be monitored closely to avoid rapid infusion, which can cause fluid and electrolyte disturbances.
• Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential during treatment.
• Patients with known allergies to dextrose or any of the infusion components should avoid using it.
• If signs of infection, phlebitis, or infiltration occur at the infusion site, immediate medical attention is necessary.
• Dextrose infusion should be used with caution in elderly patients, as they may be more susceptible to fluid-related complications.
• Always check the infusion bag and line for any discoloration or particles before administration.

Following are the drug interactions for Dextrose Infusion:

• Insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may need adjustment when used with dextrose to manage blood glucose levels.
• Concurrent use with vasopressor agents may require careful monitoring as dextrose can affect vascular response.
• Diuretics, especially thiazide diuretics, may enhance the effect of dextrose, leading to fluid retention.
• Dextrose may reduce the efficacy of anti-diabetic medications, requiring dose adjustments.
• The risk of hypokalemia may increase when used with potassium-depleting diuretics.
• Concurrent administration with phenytoin may lead to altered glucose metabolism and variable effects on blood glucose levels.
• Corticosteroids can increase glucose requirements, potentially requiring higher dextrose concentrations.

Following are the food interactions for Dextrose Infusion:

• Dextrose infusion should be used with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus as it contains a high amount of sugar, which can impact blood glucose levels.
• Avoid excessive consumption of sugary foods and beverages while receiving dextrose infusion to maintain stable blood sugar levels.
• It is essential to monitor blood glucose regularly and adjust the dextrose concentration accordingly to prevent hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.
• In cases of severe dehydration, oral rehydration solutions containing dextrose and electrolytes may be recommended to restore fluid and electrolyte balance.
• When using dextrose for nutritional support, ensure a balanced diet with adequate protein and other nutrients to prevent nutritional deficiencies.
• Avoid excessive alcohol intake during dextrose infusion as it can affect liver function and impact glucose metabolism.
• Certain medications, such as insulin or other glucose-lowering drugs, may require dose adjustments when using dextrose infusions to maintain optimal blood sugar control.
• Always follow the healthcare provider's instructions regarding dietary restrictions or recommendations while receiving dextrose infusion.

Dextrose Infusion storage and disposal guidelines should be carefully followed to maintain its integrity and ensure safety. It is recommended to store the infusion in a cool, dry environment, preferably at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and heat sources like ovens or radiators, as temperature fluctuations can impact its quality. Keep the infusion in its original packaging, tightly sealed, to prevent contamination. Always check the expiration date, and if the infusion is past its expiry, do not use it and dispose of it responsibly. Proper disposal methods should be followed, avoiding flushing or pouring it down the drain; consult healthcare professionals or pharmacists for guidance on safe disposal. Keep the infusion out of children's reach to prevent accidental consumption.

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Following are the quick tips for Dextrose Infusion:

• Administer the infusion under medical supervision for best outcomes.
• Ensure proper insertion of the IV cannula to prevent leakage.
• Regularly monitor blood glucose levels during infusion.
• Adjust the infusion rate as directed by your healthcare provider.
• Report any signs of fluid overload or electrolyte imbalances immediately.
• Keep the infusion site clean and dry to reduce infection risk.
• Stay hydrated during the infusion process.
• Inform your doctor if you experience any adverse reactions.