PROSTIN F2 ALPHA IML INJ

Dinoprostone, also known as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), primarily exerts its effects through the activation of specific prostaglandin receptors, mainly EP receptors. The mechanism of action involves binding to these receptors, which are G-protein coupled receptors, leading to various intracellular signaling pathways. Stimulation of EP receptors results in increased intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which subsequently activates protein kinase A (PKA). This signaling cascade induces smooth muscle relaxation, particularly in the uterus and cervix, by phosphorylating myosin light chains and reducing calcium sensitivity. The relaxation of these smooth muscles leads to cervical ripening and softening, as well as uterine contractions, which are essential for initiating and facilitating labor during childbirth. Additionally, dinoprostone may also have effects on other tissues expressing EP receptors, contributing to its overall pharmacological actions.

Prostaglandin analog

Injection

The following are the uses of Dinoprostone Injection:

• Used for inducing labor and ripening the cervix in pregnant women.
• Used for softening and dilating the cervix during certain medical procedures.
• Used for managing missed or incomplete miscarriages, helping to pass the pregnancy tissue.
• Used for treating severe dysmenorrhea (painful periods) by inducing uterine contractions.
• Used for controlling bleeding after childbirth by causing the uterus to contract.
• Used for evacuating the uterus in cases of retained products of conception.
• Used for cervical ripening prior to surgical procedures or labor induction.

In the case of an overdose of Dinoprostone Injection, it is important to be aware of potential adverse effects. Overdose may lead to increased uterine contractions, resulting in discomfort and potential complications. Symptoms could include intense uterine cramping, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Prompt medical intervention is necessary to manage these symptoms and prevent further complications. Medical professionals should be contacted immediately to ensure appropriate treatment and monitoring.

In the case of a missed dose of Dinoprostone Injection, it is important to act promptly. If you realize you have missed a scheduled dose, administer the missed dose as soon as possible, but avoid doubling the dose to catch up. It is crucial to follow the prescribed dosing schedule as closely as you can. If you have any concerns or questions about missed doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance. They will be able to provide specific instructions based on your individual circumstances.

To administer the Dinoprostone Injection, locate the injection site on the skin, clean the area with an alcohol wipe, insert the needle at a 45-degree angle, and slowly inject the prescribed dose, then gently remove the needle and apply light pressure with a sterile gauze pad to the injection site if needed.

Following are the conditions or situations when Dinoprostone Injection should not be used:

• Should not be used if you have an allergy to prostaglandins or any other ingredients in the injection.
• Contraindicated in women who are pregnant, especially if the pregnancy is beyond 37 weeks.
• Not recommended for individuals with a history of asthma or severe asthma attacks.
• Should not be used if you have an inflammatory pelvic disease or any active infections in the genital or pelvic area.
• Contraindicated in cases of undiagnosed vaginal bleeding or if there is a suspicion of a pregnancy outside the uterus (ectopic pregnancy).
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of heart disease, high blood pressure, or blood clotting disorders.
• Should not be used if you have a mechanical obstruction in the uterus, such as a closed cervix or a uterine malformation.
• Contraindicated during breastfeeding as it may cause adverse effects in the nursing infant.

The side effects of Dinoprostone Injection may include:

• Uterine contractions
• Cramping
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Fever and chills
• Increased vaginal bleeding
• Uterine hyperstimulation
• Elevated blood pressure

Following are the precautions and warnings for Dinoprostone Injection:

• This medication is intended for professional medical use only, and should only be administered by trained healthcare professionals.
• Dinoprostone Injection is not recommended for use in women with an allergy or sensitivity to prostaglandins, or those with active pelvic inflammatory disease.
• Caution is advised in patients with asthma or other respiratory conditions, as it may cause bronchospasm.
• It should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, as it can cause cardiovascular side effects such as hypertension or palpitations.
• Dinoprostone Injection may cause uterine hyperstimulation, which can lead to uterine rupture; continuous monitoring of uterine activity and the patient's condition is essential during administration.
• Not recommended for use in women with a history of cesarean delivery or major uterine surgery, as it may increase the risk of uterine rupture.
• Pregnant women should only use this medication under strict medical supervision, as it can induce labor and has the potential for fetal harm.
• Breastfeeding women should consult their healthcare provider before using this medication, as it may pass into breast milk and affect the nursing infant.

Following are the drug interactions for Dinoprostone Injection:

• Concurrent use with other oxytocic agents like oxytocin or misoprostol can increase the risk of uterine hyperstimulation, leading to potential complications.
• It may interact with anticoagulants, enhancing their effects and increasing the risk of bleeding.
• Dinoprostone can potentially reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive medications, requiring close monitoring of blood pressure.
• Using corticosteroids along with Dinoprostone may decrease the prostaglandin's effectiveness in inducing labor.
• The injection's effects may be diminished when used with beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists, commonly prescribed for cardiovascular conditions.
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) might increase the risk of gastrointestinal side effects when combined with Dinoprostone.
• Caution is advised when using Dinoprostone with other medications that affect uterine contractions, as this may lead to unpredictable labor outcomes.

Following are the food interactions for Dinoprostone Injection:

• Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice as they may interfere with the medication's metabolism, potentially leading to increased side effects.
• Alcohol consumption should be minimized or avoided as it may enhance the risk of gastrointestinal irritation and bleeding, especially when used with Dinoprostone.
• Caffeine intake should be monitored as it can potentially increase uterine contractions and may interact with the medication's effects.
• Spicy foods should be consumed with caution as they can sometimes irritate the gastrointestinal system, especially when combined with this medication.
• Avoid excessive consumption of foods high in sugar, as they can affect blood sugar levels, which is crucial when using medications like Dinoprostone.
• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water to maintain fluid balance, especially during prolonged use of the injection.
• Avoid fatty meals as they may delay the absorption of Dinoprostone, potentially affecting its effectiveness.
• Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice regarding dietary considerations while using this medication.

Dinoprostone Injection should be stored and disposed of carefully to ensure safety and maintain its efficacy. Store the injection in a refrigerator at a temperature between 2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F), protected from light. Do not freeze the medication as it may affect its potency. Always check the expiration date before use and discard any unused or expired vials. Proper disposal is crucial; do not dispose of the injection by flushing it down the toilet or pouring it down the drain. Contact your pharmacist or healthcare provider for guidance on safe disposal methods, ensuring that it is done in an environmentally friendly manner. Keep the medication out of the reach of children and pets to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Dinoprostone Injection:

• Dinoprostone Injection is administered by healthcare professionals for cervical ripening and labor induction.
• Ensure you inform your doctor about your medical history and current medications.
• This medication should be used under medical supervision; do not self-administer.
• Report any unusual vaginal bleeding, severe cramps, or persistent abdominal pain to your doctor immediately.
• Do not drive or operate heavy machinery if you experience dizziness or weakness after the injection.
• Maintain good hygiene and follow your doctor's instructions for post-injection care.
• Store the injection as directed on the packaging, away from direct sunlight and moisture.