Pyrazid (500mg) 50 Tablets

Pyrazinamide primarily acts as a prodrug, which means it is converted into its active form inside the body. Once ingested, pyrazinamide penetrates the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis (TB). Inside the bacterial cell, pyrazinamide is converted to its active form, pyrazinoic acid, by the enzyme pyrazinamidase. Pyrazinoic acid then interferes with the energy production process of the bacteria by inhibiting the enzyme fatty acid synthase I (FAS-I), which is crucial for the synthesis of long-chain fatty acids required for the mycobacterial cell wall. This disruption in fatty acid synthesis leads to the accumulation of toxic byproducts, ultimately resulting in the death of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria.

Antitubercular

Tablet

The following are the uses of Pyrazinamide 500mg Tablet:

• Used for treating active tuberculosis (TB) in combination with other anti-TB drugs.
• Used to shorten the duration of TB treatment, particularly in the intensive phase.
• Used to target dormant TB bacteria that persist in acidic environments.
• Used to improve treatment outcomes by reducing the risk of relapse.
• Used for its ability to penetrate and accumulate in infected tissues and cells.
• Used as a first-line treatment option for drug-susceptible TB.
• Used under the guidance of a healthcare professional as part of a comprehensive TB treatment plan.

In the case of an overdose of Pyrazinamide 500mg Tablets, individuals may experience severe gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Additionally, an overdose can lead to neurological issues, including dizziness, headaches, and in severe cases, seizures. It is important to seek medical assistance promptly and provide healthcare professionals with information regarding the quantity ingested, as they can offer appropriate treatment and supportive care to manage the symptoms and prevent further complications.

In the case of a missed dose of Pyrazinamide 500mg Tablet, it is important to take the medication as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. However, do not double the dose to make up for the missed one. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance, as they may advise you to restart the medication or adjust the dosing schedule to ensure the treatment remains effective.

To take Pyrazinamide 500mg Tablet, swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water, preferably with or after a meal, as directed by your healthcare professional, and follow the prescribed dosage and treatment duration as instructed by your doctor.

Following are the conditions when Pyrazinamide 500mg Tablet should not be taken:

• Should not be taken by individuals with a known allergy to Pyrazinamide or other similar drugs.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe liver disease or liver failure.
• Not suitable for people with a history of severe kidney impairment or kidney failure.
• Should not be used in patients with a history of gout or uric acid kidney stones.
• Contraindicated during the last trimester of pregnancy due to potential fetal risk.
• Not recommended for breastfeeding mothers as it may pass into breast milk.
• Should be avoided in individuals with a history of severe mental health disorders or psychosis.
• Discontinue use if there is evidence of severe liver toxicity or other serious adverse reactions.

The side effects of Pyrazinamide 500mg Tablet may include:

• Loss of appetite
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dark urine
• Yellowing of skin or eyes (jaundice)
• Joint pain and stiffness
• Itching or rash
• Fatigue and weakness
• Abnormal liver function tests

Following are the precautions and warnings for Pyrazinamide 500mg Tablet:

• Patients with pre-existing liver disease should be closely monitored as this medication can cause liver toxicity. Regular liver function tests are recommended during treatment.
• Pyrazinamide should be used with caution in individuals with a history of gout or kidney stones. It may increase the risk of uric acid build-up and crystal formation.
• Patients with diabetes should be aware that this medication can affect blood sugar levels and may require adjustments in diabetes medications.
• Not recommended for individuals with severe kidney impairment or kidney failure. Dosage adjustments may be necessary for those with mild to moderate kidney problems.
• May cause gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Patients should report persistent or severe symptoms to their healthcare provider.
• Patients should maintain adequate hydration while taking Pyrazinamide to reduce the risk of certain side effects.
• It is important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve, to ensure effective eradication of the infection.

Following are the drug interactions for Pyrazinamide 500mg Tablet:

• Alcohol intake may lead to increased liver toxicity and should be avoided.
• Rifampicin and isoniazid can decrease pyrazinamide levels, potentially reducing its effectiveness.
• Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) levels may be reduced by pyrazinamide, possibly increasing the risk of peripheral neuropathy.
• Concomitant use with other hepatotoxic drugs (e.g., highly active antiretroviral therapy) may increase the risk of liver damage.
• Ethionamide can increase pyrazinamide concentrations, potentially leading to toxicity.
• Theophylline metabolism may be inhibited, resulting in elevated theophylline levels and potential toxicity.
• Pyrazinamide may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, requiring alternative contraceptive methods.

Following are the food interactions for Pyrazinamide 500mg Tablet:

• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption during treatment as it may increase the risk of liver problems.
• Fasting or a high-fat meal can increase the absorption of Pyrazinamide, potentially affecting its effectiveness.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they can inhibit enzymes in the liver, altering Pyrazinamide's metabolism.
• High-fat meals may increase the exposure of Pyrazinamide, leading to higher blood levels of the drug.
• Caffeine intake should be monitored as it may increase the risk of side effects like insomnia and nervousness.
• Avoid high-tyramine foods (aged cheeses, cured meats) as Pyrazinamide may interact, raising blood pressure.
• Avoid salt substitutes or foods high in potassium, as Pyrazinamide can affect potassium levels.

Pyrazinamide 500mg Tablets should be stored in a dry and cool place, preferably at room temperature, ensuring protection from light and moisture. Keep the tablets in their original packaging, tightly sealed, to maintain their integrity and prevent exposure to external contaminants. It is crucial not to store them in the bathroom or near heat-emitting appliances, as temperature fluctuations can compromise the medication's effectiveness. Dispose of any unused or expired tablets responsibly; refrain from flushing them or pouring them down the drain. Consult your pharmacist or healthcare provider for appropriate disposal methods, and always keep medicines out of children's reach to prevent accidental consumption.

Following are the quick tips for Pyrazinamide 500mg Tablet:

• Take the tablet as directed by your doctor, typically once daily.
• Ensure you complete the full course as prescribed.
• Pyrazinamide is often used in combination with other medications for effective treatment.
• Take the tablet with food to reduce stomach irritation.
• Avoid alcohol consumption while on this medication.
• Inform your doctor about all medications you're taking to prevent potential interactions.
• Regularly monitor liver function and blood tests while on this medication.