Sandimmun Neoral (25mg) 50 Capsules

Cyclosporine, the active ingredient in Cyclosporin Capsules, primarily exerts its immunosuppressive effects by forming a complex with cyclophilin, a cytosolic protein found in T-lymphocytes. This cyclosporine-cyclophilin complex inhibits the phosphatase activity of calcineurin, a key enzyme in the intracellular signaling pathway of T-cell activation. By blocking calcineurin, cyclosporine prevents the translocation of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NF-AT) into the nucleus, thereby inhibiting the transcription of specific cytokines, such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), required for T-cell proliferation and immune response. This mechanism effectively suppresses the activation and function of T-lymphocytes, leading to immunosuppression without directly affecting other immune cells.

Cyclosporin

Immunosuppressant.

Capsule

The following are the uses of Cyclosporin Capsule:

• Used for preventing organ rejection after transplants, ensuring the new organ functions successfully.
• Used for treating severe rheumatoid arthritis, reducing joint inflammation and pain.
• Used for managing severe psoriasis, clearing skin and reducing flare-ups.
• Used in severe atopic dermatitis (eczema) cases to control skin inflammation and itching.
• Used for treating nephrotic syndrome, a kidney disorder, to reduce protein loss in urine.
• Used for preventing graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplants.
• Used for treating autoimmune conditions like lupus and scleroderma, calming overactive immune responses.
• Used as an alternative for patients intolerant to other immunosuppressants.

In the case of an overdose of Cyclosporin Capsules, prompt medical attention is necessary. Symptoms may include tremors, headache, kidney problems, and an increased risk of infection. Seek emergency care if you suspect an overdose, as medical professionals can provide supportive measures and monitor vital functions. Treatment may involve managing symptoms and providing appropriate care to minimize potential complications. It is crucial to act swiftly and seek help to ensure the best possible outcome.

In the case of a missed dose of Cyclosporin Capsule, it is important to take action promptly. If you realize you have missed a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember, but if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. It is advisable to set reminders or use a pill organizer to help you remember to take your medication on time and reduce the chances of missing a dose.

To take Cyclosporin Capsules, swallow the capsule whole with a full glass of water, preferably on an empty stomach or as directed by your healthcare professional, and maintain a consistent dosing schedule for optimal therapeutic effect.

Following are the conditions/situations when Cyclosporin Capsule should not be taken:

• Avoid using if you have a known allergy to Cyclosporine or any other ingredients in the capsule formulation.
• Not suitable for individuals with a current or recent history of malignant diseases (cancer).
• Contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled high blood pressure.
• Should not be used in individuals with severe liver impairment or active liver disease.
• Avoid using Cyclosporin if you have a history of psoriasis or skin cancer.
• Not recommended for patients with an untreated or uncontrolled infection.
• Do not take if you have a history of kidney disease or if you are currently receiving phototherapy for skin conditions.
• Contraindicated in individuals with a history of malignancies, especially skin and lymphatic system-related cancers.

The side effects of Cyclosporin Capsule may include:

• Kidney problems
• High blood pressure
• Tremors or shaking
• Headache
• Nausea and vomiting
• Increased hair growth
• Gum swelling or pain

Here are the precautions and warnings for Cyclosporin Capsules:

• This medication should be used with caution in patients with kidney or liver disease, as it can affect the function of these organs.
• Regular monitoring of kidney function and blood pressure is necessary while on Cyclosporin treatment.
• Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice during treatment, as it can increase the levels of Cyclosporin in the blood.
• Cyclosporin may cause high blood pressure, so regular blood pressure checks are essential.
• Patients with a history of skin cancer or those who are at higher risk should be cautious, as Cyclosporin can increase the risk of skin cancer.
• Avoid exposure to sunlight or tanning beds, and use protective measures when outdoors to minimize the risk of skin reactions.
• Do not take Cyclosporin if you are pregnant or breastfeeding without consulting your doctor, as it may cause harm to the unborn baby or infant.
• Inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, to avoid potential drug interactions.

Following are the drug interactions for Cyclosporin Capsule:

• Cyclosporin may interact with certain antibiotics like clarithromycin, erythromycin, and telithromycin, potentially increasing Cyclosporin levels and the risk of side effects.
• Grapefruit juice can increase Cyclosporin levels, leading to toxicity. Avoid consumption of grapefruit or its juice while on this medication.
• Interactions with antifungal medications such as fluconazole, itraconazole, and ketoconazole can elevate Cyclosporin levels and increase the risk of adverse effects.
• The use of Cyclosporin with calcium channel blockers like diltiazem and verapamil may result in increased Cyclosporin concentrations and potential toxicity.
• Certain anti-seizure medications (e.g., carbamazepine, phenytoin) can decrease Cyclosporin levels, reducing its effectiveness.
• St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) may decrease Cyclosporin levels, potentially reducing its immunosuppressive effects.
• Cyclosporin can increase the levels of statins, a cholesterol-lowering medication, which may increase the risk of muscle-related side effects.

Following are the food interactions for Cyclosporin Capsule:

• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice consumption should be avoided as they can increase Cyclosporin levels in the blood, potentially leading to increased side effects.
• Alcohol intake should be limited as it may cause liver damage and increase the risk of Cyclosporin-related side effects.
• Avoid consuming high-sodium foods as Cyclosporin can increase sodium levels, and excessive intake may lead to hypertension.
• Potassium-rich foods like bananas, oranges, and spinach should be consumed moderately as Cyclosporin can elevate potassium levels.
• Maintain a balanced diet with adequate protein and calorie intake to support Cyclosporin's effectiveness and manage potential weight gain.
• Avoid high-fat meals as they may increase Cyclosporin absorption and lead to higher blood levels.
• Consider a low-cholesterol diet as Cyclosporin can cause increased cholesterol levels.
• Stay hydrated, as Cyclosporin may cause kidney-related side effects, and proper hydration is essential.

Cyclosporin capsules should be stored in a secure and dry location, preferably in a medicine cabinet or a designated storage area. Maintain a consistent room temperature, avoiding excessive heat or cold as this can impact the medication's effectiveness. Protect the capsules from direct sunlight as prolonged exposure may degrade the drug. Keep the medication in its original container, tightly sealed, to ensure its integrity and prevent contamination. Regularly check the expiration date on the packaging, and never use or store expired capsules. When it's time to dispose of the medication, do not flush it down the toilet or pour it into any water source. Instead, consult your pharmacist or healthcare provider for the appropriate disposal method in your area, ensuring the safe and responsible removal of the medication from your household. Keep the capsules out of children's reach to prevent accidental consumption, as this medication is intended for specific medical purposes.

Following are the quick tips for Cyclosporin Capsules:

• Take the capsules as directed by your doctor; dosage and duration may vary based on your condition.
• Swallow the capsules whole with a full glass of water; do not crush, chew, or open them.
• Maintain a consistent medication schedule, taking it at the same time(s) each day.
• Ensure you complete the full prescribed course, even if you feel better before completion.
• Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice while taking Cyclosporin to prevent potential interactions.
• Regularly monitor your blood pressure and kidney function during treatment.
• Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to avoid drug interactions.