SEREVENT INHALER

Salmeterol, a long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist, exerts its mechanism of action by specifically binding to beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs. Upon inhalation, it stimulates these receptors, leading to the relaxation of smooth muscles in the airways. This relaxation occurs through the activation of adenylate cyclase, which increases intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels. Elevated cAMP inhibits the release of mediators responsible for bronchoconstriction, such as histamine and leukotrienes. Additionally, salmeterol enhances the activity of sodium and potassium channels, further contributing to smooth muscle relaxation and resulting in improved airflow and reduced airway resistance.

Bronchodilator (long-acting beta-agonist)

Spray

The following are the uses of Salmeterol Spary:

• Used for preventing and relieving asthma symptoms and flare-ups.
• Used for improving lung function and reducing airway inflammation.
• Used for managing exercise-induced asthma, allowing better tolerance for physical activities.
• Used for providing long-term control and preventing nighttime asthma symptoms.
• Used for reducing the need for rescue inhalers and improving overall asthma management.
• Used for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and reducing COPD exacerbations.
• Used for enhancing breathing capacity and overall quality of life in respiratory conditions.
• Used for asthma maintenance therapy, ensuring consistent control of the condition.

In the case of an overdose of Salmeterol Spray, it is important to remain calm and take swift action. First, discontinue the use of the spray and seek medical advice promptly. Inform the healthcare professional about the dosage and frequency of the overdose. They will provide guidance on the necessary steps to address the situation, which may include monitoring for symptoms and providing appropriate medical care. Quick response and consultation with a medical expert are crucial in managing the potential risks associated with Salmeterol Spray overdose.

In the case of a missed dose of Salmeterol Spray, it is important to administer the medication as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. It is advisable to use the spray at the same time each day to maintain a consistent level of medication in your body. If you frequently miss doses, consult your healthcare provider for guidance on how to adjust your dosing schedule.

To use Salmeterol Spray, prime the inhaler by shaking it well, then breathe out slowly, place the mouthpiece in your mouth, and inhale deeply while pressing down on the canister to release the medication, then hold your breath for a few seconds before exhaling slowly.

Following are the conditions/situations when Salmeterol Spray should not be used:

• Should not be used in individuals with a known allergy to Salmeterol or other similar medications.
• Not indicated for the treatment of acute asthma attacks or sudden breathing problems.
• Should not be used in individuals with severe asthma exacerbations or rapidly deteriorating asthma.
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of paradoxical bronchospasm (worsening of breathing after using an inhaler).
• Not recommended for individuals with cardiovascular issues, such as severe heart disease, irregular heart rhythms, or uncontrolled high blood pressure.
• Should not be used in patients with severe allergies or allergic reactions to other substances.
• Not suitable for individuals with diabetes, as it may mask the symptoms of low blood sugar.

The possible side effects of Salmeterol Spray may occur:

• Tremor or shaking, especially in the hands
• Headache
• Throat irritation or pain
• Dry mouth and throat
• Cough or hoarseness
• Nausea
• Muscle cramps

Following are the precautions and warnings for Salmeterol Spray:

• Do not use Salmeterol Spray if you are allergic to any of its ingredients.
• This medication is intended for inhalation only and should not be sprayed into the eyes or on the face.
• Salmeterol is a long-acting bronchodilator and should not be used as a rescue medication for acute asthma attacks.
• It should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular diseases, as it may cause an increase in heart rate and blood pressure.
• Patients with diabetes should monitor their blood sugar levels regularly as Salmeterol can sometimes affect glucose control.
• Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult their doctor before using this medication, as the risks and benefits should be carefully considered.
• Do not exceed the prescribed dosage, as overuse may lead to serious side effects.

Following are the drug interactions for Salmeterol Spray:

• Concomitant use with beta-blockers, such as propranolol or atenolol, may reduce the effectiveness of salmeterol and worsen bronchospasms.
• Using other long-acting beta-agonists alongside salmeterol may increase the risk of excessive cardiovascular effects, such as tachycardia or arrhythmias.
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclic antidepressants may enhance the cardiovascular effects of salmeterol, increasing the risk of high blood pressure and irregular heartbeats.
• Diuretics, particularly loop or thiazide diuretics, may increase the risk of hypokalemia when used with salmeterol, potentially leading to muscle weakness or cardiac arrhythmias.
• Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, when used with salmeterol, may increase the risk of systemic effects like hyperglycemia or immunosuppression.
• Theophylline or other xanthine derivatives may have additive stimulant effects on the heart, increasing the risk of palpitations and nervousness.
• Antidiabetic medications may have reduced effectiveness when used with salmeterol, as beta-agonists can raise blood glucose levels.

Following are the food interactions with Salmeterol Spray:

• Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice as they can increase the concentration of Salmeterol in the blood, potentially leading to an increased risk of side effects.
• Alcohol consumption should be limited as it may enhance the absorption of Salmeterol, affecting its effectiveness and potentially causing dizziness or drowsiness.
• Caffeine intake should be monitored as it may interact with Salmeterol, leading to increased heart rate or palpitations.
• Avoid high-fat meals as they can delay the absorption of Salmeterol, reducing its efficacy.
• Dairy products like milk or yogurt may decrease the absorption of Salmeterol, so it is best to use the spray before consuming these foods.
• Spicy foods might cause throat irritation when using Salmeterol spray, so it's advisable to use it at a different time.
• Sugary foods and beverages should be consumed in moderation as they may affect the taste and effectiveness of the medication.
• Always follow the advice of your healthcare provider regarding specific dietary restrictions or recommendations while using Salmeterol Spray.

Salmeterol Spray storage and disposal should be done with care to maintain its effectiveness and ensure safety. Store the spray at room temperature, ideally between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C), and protect it from excessive heat, cold, moisture, and direct sunlight. Keep the medication in its original packaging, tightly sealed, to prevent contamination. Do not store it in the bathroom medicine cabinet or near sinks, as humidity can affect the medication. Dispose of the spray properly when it has passed its expiration date or is no longer needed; do not flush it down the toilet or pour it into drainage systems. Contact your pharmacist or local waste management authority for guidance on safe disposal methods to minimize environmental impact. Keep the spray out of children's reach to prevent accidental exposure or ingestion.

Following are the quick tips for Salmeterol Spray:

• Consult your healthcare provider before using the spray for personalized advice.
• Ensure you understand the correct technique for using the inhaler.
• Prime the inhaler before initial use and if not used for a few days.
• Exhale gently, then inhale deeply and slowly through the mouth while pressing down on the inhaler.
• Hold your breath for about 10 seconds to ensure medication reaches your lungs.
• Clean the inhaler regularly as directed by the manufacturer's instructions.
• Store the inhaler at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture.
• Keep track of the number of inhalations used to know when to refill your prescription.