Streptomycin Inj (Ch) 50 s

Streptomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, exerts its bactericidal effect primarily through inhibition of protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria. It specifically binds to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, leading to misreading of tRNA, causing errors in mRNA translation. This binding interferes with the initiation complex formation and disrupts the translocation of the peptidyl-tRNA from the A-site to the P-site during protein synthesis. As a result, the bacteria's ability to synthesize essential proteins is impaired, leading to rapid cell death. Streptomycin is particularly effective against aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria, and is often used in combination with other antibiotics to enhance its efficacy and prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.

Aminoglycoside antibiotic

Injection

The following are the uses of Streptomycin Injection:

• Used for treating tuberculosis (TB) and certain bacterial infections.
• Used for targeting specific bacteria that cause infections in the lungs, skin, and urinary tract.
• Used for stopping or slowing the growth of bacteria by interfering with their protein production.
• Used for ensuring patient compliance and proper dosage administration.
• Used for reducing the risk of developing antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

In the case of an overdose of Streptomycin Injection, individuals may experience symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and hearing loss. The severity of these symptoms can vary depending on the amount of medication ingested. It is crucial to promptly contact a healthcare professional or seek emergency medical assistance if an overdose is suspected. They will be able to provide appropriate guidance and treatment options to manage the overdose and minimize potential harm. Quick action is essential in such situations.

In the case of a missed dose of Streptomycin Injection, it is important to administer the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to adjust your dosing schedule and ensure the treatment remains effective.

To administer the Streptomycin Injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol swab, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle, and slowly inject the prescribed amount of medication, ensuring the entire dose is delivered before withdrawing the needle.

Here are the conditions or situations when Streptomycin Injection should not be administered:

• Must not be used in individuals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Streptomycin or other aminoglycoside antibiotics.
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of hearing loss or vestibular damage associated with previous aminoglycoside use.
• Not suitable for patients with myasthenia gravis as it can worsen muscle weakness.
• Should be avoided in patients with Parkinson's disease due to potential worsening of symptoms.
• Not recommended for individuals with severe kidney impairment or kidney failure.
• Contraindicated during breastfeeding as it can pass into breast milk and cause harm to the infant.
• Should not be used in patients with conditions affecting neuromuscular transmission.

The side effects of Streptomycin Injection may include:

• Balance problems
• Hearing loss or ringing in the ears
• Kidney issues, indicated by reduced or dark urine output
• Skin rashes or itching
• Numbness or tingling in hands or feet
• Nausea and vomiting
• Muscle weakness or joint pain

Following are the precautions and warnings for Streptomycin Injection:

• This medication should not be used in patients with a known allergy to Streptomycin or other aminoglycoside antibiotics.
• Regular monitoring of kidney function and hearing tests is essential during treatment, as Streptomycin can cause kidney damage and hearing loss.
• Streptomycin should be used with caution in patients with myasthenia gravis, as it may worsen muscle weakness.
• Elderly patients are more susceptible to Streptomycin's side effects, particularly kidney and ear-related issues.
• Patients with Parkinson's disease should use it with caution as it may exacerbate symptoms.
• It is crucial to ensure proper hydration during treatment to reduce the risk of kidney damage.
• Patients with a history of hearing problems or balance disorders should be closely monitored while on Streptomycin treatment.

Following are the drug interactions for Streptomycin Injection:

• Streptomycin may interact with diuretics, such as furosemide, increasing the risk of ototoxicity and kidney damage.
• Concomitant use with other ototoxic medications like gentamicin or cisplatin can enhance the risk of hearing loss.
• It can reduce the effectiveness of live vaccines, so live attenuated vaccines should be avoided during treatment.
• The effects of neuromuscular blocking agents may be prolonged, requiring close monitoring.
• Streptomycin may lower blood sugar levels, so adjustments in antidiabetic medications might be necessary.
• It can interact with certain antibiotics like chloramphenicol, leading to potential additive or antagonistic effects.
• Close monitoring is required when combined with drugs affecting renal function, as Streptomycin is primarily eliminated via the kidneys.

Following are the food interactions for Streptomycin Injection:

• Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice as it may decrease the drug's effectiveness by altering its absorption.
• Alcohol should be consumed with caution as it can increase the risk of side effects, particularly damage to the ears and kidneys.
• High-protein meals can decrease the absorption of Streptomycin, so it is advisable to take the medication on an empty stomach or at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.
• Foods rich in calcium, such as dairy products, can bind with Streptomycin, reducing its absorption. Avoid consuming large amounts of dairy with the medication.
• Vitamin supplements, especially those containing magnesium, aluminum, and iron, can interfere with Streptomycin's absorption. Take the medication at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after taking these supplements.
• Caffeinated beverages may increase the risk of side effects like restlessness and insomnia, so it is best to limit their consumption.
• Ensure adequate hydration by drinking plenty of fluids, especially water, to reduce the risk of kidney damage associated with Streptomycin use.
• Follow the dietary instructions provided by your healthcare professional to maximize the effectiveness of Streptomycin and minimize potential food-related interactions.

Streptomycin Injection should be stored properly to maintain its effectiveness and ensure safe handling. Store it in a clean, dry, and dedicated medication storage area, preferably at room temperature, away from excessive heat, direct sunlight, and moisture. Keep the injection in its original packaging or container, ensuring it is tightly sealed to prevent contamination. Avoid freezing the medication as it may affect its potency. Always check the expiration date, and do not use the injection if it has expired. When disposing of unused or expired Streptomycin Injection, do not flush it down the toilet or pour it into drainage systems. Contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance on proper disposal methods to minimize environmental impact. Keep the medication out of children's reach to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Streptomycin Injection:

• Streptomycin is administered by healthcare professionals, ensuring proper dosage and administration.
• It is typically given by intramuscular injection, and the injection site should be rotated to prevent muscle pain.
• Inform your doctor about any allergies or medical conditions before receiving the injection.
• Let your doctor know about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Avoid missing doses; if you miss a dose, consult your doctor for instructions.
• Stay well-hydrated during the treatment period to help your kidneys function properly.
• Regular monitoring of kidney and hearing function may be required while on this medication.