TA COLOMYCIN INJ

Colistimethate sodium injection works by binding to the cell membranes of bacteria, particularly Gram-negative bacteria. Once bound, it disrupts the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane, leading to increased permeability and leakage of cellular contents. This mechanism ultimately results in bacterial cell death. Colistimethate sodium is a prodrug that is converted to the active form, colistin, by hydrolysis, which then exerts its bactericidal effects.

Polymyxin antibiotic

Injection

The following are the uses of colistimethate sodium Injection:

• Used for treating serious bacterial infections, particularly those caused by multidrug-resistant strains.
• Used for combating life-threatening infections like pneumonia and sepsis.
• Used for treating respiratory tract infections in cystic fibrosis patients.
• Used for managing complicated skin and soft tissue infections.
• Used for controlling infections in patients with compromised immune systems.
• Used for preventing infection in high-risk surgical procedures.
• Used for treating hospital-acquired infections, promoting recovery.
• Used for its broad-spectrum coverage against various bacteria.

In the case of an overdose of colistimethate sodium injection, prompt medical attention is necessary. Symptoms may include respiratory distress, severe weakness, and a significant drop in blood pressure. Treatment should focus on supportive care, monitoring vital signs, and managing any complications. It is crucial to seek emergency medical help and provide healthcare professionals with information regarding the dosage and timing of the overdose to ensure appropriate treatment and prevent potential long-term effects.

In the case of a missed dose of colistimethate sodium injection, it is important to administer the medication as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance on how to proceed, as they may need to adjust the dosage or provide further instructions.

To administer colistimethate sodium injection, prepare the medication by drawing the prescribed dose into a syringe, ensuring it is free from particles, and inject it slowly into the muscle or as an infusion into the vein, following the healthcare provider's instructions for the duration and frequency of administration.

Following are the conditions or situations when colistimethate sodium injection should not be used:

• Allergic reaction Should not be administered to individuals with a known or suspected allergy or hypersensitivity to colistimethate sodium or any of its components.
• Myasthenia Gravis Contraindicated in patients with a history of Myasthenia Gravis, a neuromuscular disorder, as it can potentially worsen muscle weakness.
• Hearing Impairment Not recommended for patients with pre-existing hearing loss or auditory nerve disorders.
• Neuromuscular Blockade Should not be used in patients who are experiencing neuromuscular blockade due to other medications or conditions.
• Renal Impairment Colistimethate sodium should be used with caution in patients with severe renal (kidney) impairment, and adjustments in dosage may be necessary.
• Neonates Use with caution in premature neonates and neonates with low birth weight, as they may be more susceptible to the drug's side effects.

The side effects of colistimethate sodium injection may include:

• Kidney problems
• Hearing loss or ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
• Muscle weakness
• Paralysis, typically starting in the legs and progressing upwards
• Difficulty breathing or swallowing
• Allergic reactions, such as skin rash, itching, or hives
• Nausea and vomiting
• Increased salivation

Following are the precautions and warnings for Colistimethate Sodium Injection:

• This medication is intended for intravenous or intramuscular use only and should not be administered subcutaneously or intrathecally.
• Kidney function should be closely monitored during treatment, and the dose may need to be adjusted for patients with kidney impairment.
• It is crucial to perform a skin test for sensitivity before treatment to avoid severe allergic reactions.
• Patients with a history of Parkinson's disease or myasthenia gravis should use this medication with caution as it may worsen these conditions.
• Extended use of colistimethate sodium may result in the overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms, including fungi, which may require additional treatment.
• Discontinue use if signs of allergic reactions, such as skin rash, fever, or breathing difficulties, occur.
• Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding should be carefully considered, and patients should consult their healthcare provider for advice.
• This medication may cause neuromuscular blockage, so it should be used with caution in patients with neuromuscular disorders.

Following are the drug interactions for Colistimethate Sodium Injection:

• Neuromuscular blocking agents and other medications that affect neuromuscular function may have additive effects when used with colistimethate sodium, leading to increased risk of respiratory paralysis.
• Aminoglycosides and other nephrotoxic drugs can increase the risk of kidney damage when used concurrently with colistimethate sodium.
• Concomitant use with other ototoxic medications, such as loop diuretics or platinum-based chemotherapy, may increase the risk of hearing loss.
• Colistimethate sodium may reduce the effectiveness of live attenuated vaccines, such as measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine.
• The efficacy of colistimethate sodium may be decreased when used with other antimicrobials that have a similar mechanism of action, potentially leading to treatment failure.
• Drugs that impair kidney function, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can reduce the elimination of colistimethate sodium, resulting in increased drug levels.
• Prolonged use of colistimethate sodium with corticosteroids may mask signs of infection and increase the risk of superinfections.

Following are the food interactions for Colistimethate sodium Injection:

• Colistimethate sodium should be used with caution in patients with a history of kidney problems as it is primarily eliminated through the kidneys, and its use may require dosage adjustments.
• It is generally recommended to avoid consuming alcohol during antibiotic treatment, as it can lead to increased side effects and may potentially reduce the effectiveness of the medication.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed sparingly as they can affect the absorption and metabolism of certain medications, potentially altering the effectiveness of the antibiotic treatment.
• Foods high in fat content may influence the absorption of some medications, but there is no specific interaction noted with Colistimethate sodium.
• Maintain a balanced diet to support overall health and recovery during the course of antibiotic treatment.
• Ensure adequate hydration by drinking sufficient fluids, especially water, to support kidney function and overall well-being.
• Avoid consuming expired or spoiled food to prevent potential gastrointestinal issues that could complicate the treatment process.

Colistimethate sodium injection should be stored in a controlled environment, preferably between 2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F), in its original packaging to maintain sterility. Protect it from freezing and excessive heat, as temperature fluctuations can impact its potency. Ensure the injection is kept away from direct sunlight, as it may degrade the medication. Once the vial is opened, it should be used immediately, and any unused portion should be discarded without reusing or storing it for later use. Dispose of any unused or expired medication responsibly by following local guidelines for pharmaceutical waste disposal, avoiding contamination of water sources or the environment. Keep the medication out of the reach of children and pets to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for colistimethate sodium injection:

• Administer the injection as prescribed by your doctor; do not self-inject without proper training.
• Ensure the injection site is clean and dry before administration.
• Rotate injection sites to minimize skin irritation.
• Dispose of used needles and syringes safely in designated sharps containers.
• Do not reuse needles or syringes; always use sterile equipment.
• Store the medication as directed on the package, away from light and moisture.
• Inform your healthcare provider if you experience any side effects or signs of infection at the injection site.