TEMGESIC 1ML INJ

Buprenorphine injection exerts its effects primarily by acting as a partial agonist at the mu-opioid receptors in the central nervous system. As a partial agonist, it binds to these receptors but has a lower intrinsic activity compared to full agonists like morphine. This means that buprenorphine can produce analgesic effects by activating the opioid receptors, but its maximal effects are less than those of full agonists. Additionally, buprenorphine has a high binding affinity to the opioid receptors, which allows it to compete with and displace other opioids, leading to a reduction in their effects. This mechanism contributes to its use in the management of opioid dependence, as it can help reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms while minimizing the potential for misuse and respiratory depression associated with full opioid agonists.

Buprenorphine

Opioid partial agonist

injection

The following are the uses of Buprenorphine Injection:

• Used for treating opioid dependence, helping patients manage withdrawal symptoms and reduce cravings.
• Used for long-term maintenance therapy to prevent relapse in opioid addiction.
• Used for providing a safer alternative to illicit opioid use, allowing for a more stable and controlled recovery.
• Used for easing the transition from detoxification to ongoing treatment and rehabilitation.
• Used for managing acute pain in certain clinical settings, offering an alternative to traditional opioids.
• Used for supporting patients in their journey towards a drug-free lifestyle.
• Used for assisting medical professionals in tailoring opioid addiction treatment plans.

In the case of an overdose of Buprenorphine Injection, individuals may experience severe respiratory depression, leading to a decrease in breathing rate and depth. Other symptoms can include pinpoint pupils, extreme drowsiness, and even loss of consciousness. Immediate medical intervention is vital, as prompt treatment can reverse the effects and prevent potential long-term damage to the central nervous system and other vital organs. Quick action can be life-saving in such situations.

In the case of a missed dose of Buprenorphine Injection, it is important to follow the prescribed schedule as closely as possible. If you realize you've missed a dose, administer it as soon as you remember, but if it's almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this can lead to an increased risk of side effects. It is advisable to set reminders or use a medication tracking app to help you stay on track with your medication regimen.

To administer the Buprenorphine Injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol wipe, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle, and slowly inject the medication as directed by your healthcare provider, ensuring you push the plunger at a steady pace to deliver the dose accurately.

Following are the conditions/situations when Buprenorphine Injection should not be administered:

• Should not be used in individuals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Buprenorphine or any of the excipients in the injection.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe respiratory depression or asthma, as it can further suppress breathing.
• Not recommended for individuals with acute abdominal conditions, including acute pancreatitis.
• Should not be used in patients with a history of or current head injuries or increased intracranial pressure.
• Contraindicated in patients with a known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction.
• Should not be administered to individuals with severe liver impairment or acute liver failure.
• Not suitable for patients undergoing acute alcohol or sedative-hypnotic withdrawal.
• Contraindicated during breastfeeding as Buprenorphine can pass into breast milk.
• Should not be used in children below the age of 18 years.
• Should not be combined with central nervous system depressants without proper medical supervision.

The side effects of Buprenorphine Injection may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Dizziness and drowsiness
• Headaches
• Constipation
• Sweating
• Skin rash or itching
• Difficulty breathing (in rare cases)
• Withdrawal symptoms (if the medication is stopped abruptly)

Following are the precautions and warnings for Buprenorphine Injection:

• This medication is intended for intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous use only under close medical supervision. Do not inject into arteries.
• Buprenorphine can cause respiratory depression, especially when used by individuals who are not opioid-tolerant. Monitor breathing and vital signs closely.
• Not recommended for use in patients with significant respiratory depression, acute or severe bronchial asthma, or known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction.
• May impair cognitive and physical abilities, especially during the initial period of use. Avoid driving or operating machinery until the effects are known.
• Use with caution in patients with head injuries, increased intracranial pressure, or other conditions where opioids may exacerbate the condition.
• Buprenorphine can cause withdrawal symptoms in individuals who are physically dependent on opioids. Monitor for signs of withdrawal and manage accordingly.
• Elderly patients and those with impaired liver or kidney function may require lower doses due to the potential for increased sensitivity.

Following are the drug interactions for Buprenorphine Injection:

• Buprenorphine can interact with benzodiazepines, increasing the risk of respiratory depression and sedation. Close monitoring is necessary when used together.
• Opioid antagonists like naloxone or naltrexone may reduce the analgesic effects of buprenorphine and can precipitate withdrawal symptoms in opioid-dependent individuals.
• Central nervous system depressants such as alcohol, barbiturates, or other opioids can enhance the sedative effects and increase the risk of respiratory depression.
• Buprenorphine may interact with certain antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), leading to a potential increase in serotonin levels and the risk of serotonin syndrome.
• Antifungal medications like azole antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole) can inhibit the metabolism of buprenorphine, resulting in increased drug levels and potential side effects.
• Caution is advised with medications that affect liver function, as buprenorphine is metabolized in the liver, and altered metabolism may impact its effectiveness and safety.
• Some antibiotics, such as erythromycin, can inhibit the metabolism of buprenorphine, leading to higher plasma concentrations and possible toxicity.

Following are the food interactions for Buprenorphine Injection:

• Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice as it can interfere with the metabolism of Buprenorphine, leading to increased drug levels in the body and potential side effects.
• Alcohol consumption should be minimized or avoided as it may enhance the sedative effects of Buprenorphine, causing excessive drowsiness and impaired coordination.
• Caffeine-rich beverages like coffee or energy drinks might counteract the sedative effects of Buprenorphine, potentially reducing its effectiveness.
• Fatty meals may slightly delay the absorption of Buprenorphine, but this effect is usually not clinically significant.
• Avoid consuming herbal teas or supplements containing St. John's Wort as it can reduce the effectiveness of Buprenorphine by inducing certain liver enzymes.
• Certain high-fat dairy products might interact with Buprenorphine, potentially affecting its absorption, but this interaction is generally not considered significant.
• Always ensure you are well-hydrated before and after the injection to maintain optimal drug distribution and minimize any potential injection site reactions.
• Consult your healthcare provider for specific dietary guidelines and any necessary adjustments to your eating habits while undergoing Buprenorphine therapy.

Buprenorphine Injection should be stored in a controlled environment, preferably in a secure and designated storage area with restricted access. It should be kept at room temperature, away from excessive heat, direct sunlight, and moisture to maintain its stability. The original packaging should be used to protect the medication from light and ensure proper labeling. It is crucial not to freeze the injection as it may affect its potency. When disposing of unused or expired Buprenorphine Injection, follow local guidelines and regulations for pharmaceutical waste disposal. Do not dispose of it in regular trash or pour it down the drain; instead, utilize designated medication disposal programs or consult healthcare professionals for guidance on safe disposal methods. Keep the medication securely locked to prevent unauthorized access, especially by children.

Following are the quick tips for Buprenorphine Injection:

• Buprenorphine injection should be administered under medical supervision for safe use.
• Ensure the injection is given at the recommended site, usually in the upper arm, thigh, or abdomen.
• Clean the injection site with an alcohol swab before administering the medication.
• Inject the medication slowly and deeply into the muscle as instructed.
• Do not reuse needles or syringes; dispose of them safely after use.
• If you experience injection site pain, apply a cold compress to alleviate discomfort.
• Store the medication as directed, away from heat and direct sunlight.