THROMBOMAX INJ INTERLEUKIN 2

The mechanism of action of Recombinant Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Injection is centered on its role as a potent immunomodulator. IL-2 is a cytokine that primarily stimulates the growth and activity of certain immune cells, particularly T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. When administered, recombinant IL-2 binds to specific IL-2 receptors on the surface of these immune cells, triggering a cascade of intracellular signaling events. This leads to the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of these cells, enhancing their ability to recognize and destroy target cells, such as infected or cancerous cells. The increased production of IL-2 also promotes the development of immune memory, contributing to long-term immune response and potential therapeutic benefits in various immunological and oncological conditions.

Immunosuppressant, Interleukin-2 (IL-2)

Injection

The following are the uses of Recombinant Interleukin II Injection:

• Used for the treatment of metastatic melanoma, a form of skin cancer, in combination with another drug.
• Used for stimulating the growth of T-cells in patients after a bone marrow transplant.
• Used for treating patients with HIV to boost their immune system's response.
• Used for kidney cancer treatment, showing effectiveness in some cases.
• Used for enhancing immune response in patients with specific types of cancers.
• Used for evaluating immune system disorders and deficiencies.

In the case of an overdose of Recombinant Interleukin II Injection, symptoms may include fever, chills, fatigue, and an increased risk of infections. The severity of these symptoms can vary based on the individual's health and the extent of the overdose. If an overdose is suspected, immediate medical intervention is necessary. Treatment involves managing the symptoms and providing supportive care to minimize potential complications.

In the case of a missed dose of Recombinant Interleukin II Injection, it is important to follow the prescribed dosing schedule as closely as possible. If you realize you have missed a dose, administer it as soon as you remember, but only if the next scheduled dose is not too close. Never double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you frequently miss doses, it is crucial to discuss this with your healthcare provider to determine the best course of action and to ensure the treatment remains effective.

To administer Recombinant Interleukin II Injection, prepare the injection by drawing the prescribed dose into a syringe, then inject it subcutaneously or intravenously as directed by your healthcare professional, following the recommended dosage and administration guidelines provided with the medication.

Here are the situations when Recombinant Interleukin II Injection should not be used:

• Not to be administered to patients with known hypersensitivity or severe allergic reactions to interleukin-2 or any of its excipients.
• Contraindicated in patients with a known diagnosis of aplastic anemia.
• Avoid use in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases or a history of myocardial infarction.
• Not recommended for patients with severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease.
• Should not be used in patients with active autoimmune diseases, as it may exacerbate the condition.
• Not suitable for patients with a known history of severe systemic infections or sepsis.
• Avoid use during pregnancy as it may cause harm to the fetus.
• Not recommended for patients with a history of lung disorders, especially those with pulmonary capillary leak syndrome.

The side effects of Recombinant Interleukin II Injection may include:

• Fatigue and weakness
• Fever and chills
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Skin rash or itching
• Low blood pressure
• Headache
• Dizziness

Following are the precautions and warnings for Recombinant Interleukin II Injection:

• Allergic reactions are possible; patients with known allergies to any components of the injection should not use it.
• This medication can cause capillary leak syndrome, leading to hypotension and reduced organ perfusion. Close monitoring is essential during treatment.
• Recombinant Interleukin II may induce severe cardiovascular side effects, including hypotension and arrhythmias. Patients with pre-existing heart conditions should be closely monitored.
• Neurological symptoms such as confusion, seizures, and tremors may occur. Discontinue use if these symptoms appear.
• Can cause severe gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Patients should be monitored for dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
• Kidney function should be monitored as the drug may lead to renal impairment or failure.
• Not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women due to potential risks to the fetus or infant.

Following are the drug interactions for Recombinant Interleukin II Injection:

• Concomitant use with corticosteroids may decrease the effectiveness of interleukin-2.
• It can increase the toxicity of cyclosporine, tacrolimus, and other immunosuppressants, requiring careful monitoring.
• Theophylline levels may be increased, necessitating dosage adjustments.
• Antineoplastic agents can have additive immunosuppressive effects when used with interleukin-2.
• May reduce the efficacy of vaccines and potentially increase vaccine-related adverse effects.
• Caution with anticoagulants due to possible increased bleeding risk.
• May enhance the toxicity of other nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic drugs.

Following are the food interactions for Recombinant Interleukin II Injection:

• Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice as they may interfere with the medication's metabolism, potentially leading to increased drug levels in the body.
• Alcohol consumption should be limited or avoided as it may exacerbate the medication's side effects, particularly gastrointestinal issues and immune system reactions.
• Spicy foods may irritate the digestive system, especially if the medication causes gastrointestinal side effects.
• Dairy products should be consumed in moderation as they may interact with the medication's absorption, potentially reducing its effectiveness.
• Avoid high-fat meals as they can delay the absorption of the medication and potentially reduce its therapeutic effect.
• Ensure adequate fluid intake to maintain hydration, especially if experiencing nausea or diarrhea as side effects.
• Consume a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to support overall health and immune function while using this medication.

Storage and disposal of Recombinant Interleukin II Injection is crucial for maintaining its integrity and safety. Store the injection in a refrigerator at a temperature between 2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F), ensuring it is protected from light. Do not freeze the medication as it may affect its potency. Prioritize keeping the injection in its original packaging to maintain sterility. Once opened, the vial should be used immediately, and any unused portion should be discarded without reuse. Proper disposal is essential; do not dispose of the injection in regular household trash or pour it down the drain. Contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance on safe disposal methods to minimize environmental impact.

Following are the quick tips for Recombinant Interleukin II Injection:

• Administer the injection under medical supervision for accurate dosage and monitoring.
• Ensure the injection is stored at the recommended temperature to maintain its effectiveness.
• Follow the prescribed dosage schedule provided by your healthcare professional.
• Report any side effects or adverse reactions immediately to your doctor.
• Do not reuse or share needles; dispose of them safely after each use.
• Keep a record of your injection dates and doses for reference.
• Regularly monitor your health and report any changes or improvements to your healthcare provider.
• Stay well-hydrated before and after the injection to support overall well-being.