UROGRAFIN 76% 20ML INJ

Iodine injection, when administered, acts primarily through its potent antimicrobial properties. The mechanism of action involves the release of iodine, which has a high affinity for proteins, lipids, and other cellular components in microorganisms. Iodine interferes with microbial cellular metabolism by oxidizing essential amino acids, enzymes, and other vital cellular constituents, leading to microbial cell death. It disrupts the cell membrane integrity, inhibits protein synthesis, and inactivates essential enzymes, thereby preventing microbial growth and replication. This broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity makes iodine effective against a wide range of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other pathogens, contributing to its use as a disinfectant and antiseptic agent.

Iodine

Antiseptic/Disinfectant

Injection

The following are the uses of Iodine Injection:

• Used for treating and preventing iodine deficiency disorders, ensuring proper thyroid function.
• Used for diagnostic purposes in radiology, specifically for CT scans and X-rays.
• Used for disinfecting and cleaning wounds, as an antiseptic solution.
• Used for emergency treatment of certain poisoning cases, acting as an antidote.
• Used for managing skin conditions like dermatitis and psoriasis when other treatments are ineffective.
• Used for enhancing the contrast in radiological imaging, aiding in diagnosis.
• Used for supporting thyroid health during surgeries or medical procedures.

In the case of an overdose of Iodine Injection, symptoms may include severe stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and a metallic taste in the mouth. Excessive iodine intake can lead to thyroid dysfunction, causing symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and nervousness. Prompt medical intervention is necessary to manage these symptoms, which may involve gastric lavage, supportive care, and monitoring of thyroid function to prevent long-term complications.

In the case of a missed dose of Iodine Injection, it is important to consult your healthcare provider for specific instructions. They will guide you on how to make up for the missed dose safely. Generally, if you remember shortly after the missed dose, administer it as soon as possible. However, if it's almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one unless advised by your healthcare provider.

To administer the Iodine Injection, clean the injection site with an alcohol swab, insert the needle at a 90-degree angle, and slowly inject the prescribed dose, ensuring the entire content is delivered before safely disposing of the needle and syringe.

Here are the situations or conditions when Iodine Injection should not be used:

• Must not be used in individuals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to iodine, iodine-containing substances, or any of the injection components.
• Contraindicated in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (a skin condition associated with gluten sensitivity).
• Not suitable for individuals with a history of iodine-induced thyroid disorders, such as autoimmune thyroiditis or goiter.
• Should not be used in patients with active acute thyrotoxicosis (overactive thyroid gland).
• Contraindicated in patients with a history of or current hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) unless it is well-controlled.
• Not recommended for individuals with a history of thyroidectomy (surgical removal of the thyroid gland) due to potential thyroid storm risk.
• Should not be used in cases of neonatal hyperthyroidism or congenital hypothyroidism.
• Iodine injections should be avoided in patients with a history of iodine-induced skin reactions or iodine-induced acute pulmonary edema.
• Not suitable for individuals with kidney disease or severe renal impairment.
• Must not be used in patients with a history of iodine-induced acute renal failure.
• Contraindicated in patients with a rare condition called iodide-induced subacute necrotizing encephalopathy.

The possible side effects of Iodine Injection are:

• Skin rash or itching
• Nausea and vomiting
• Metallic taste in the mouth
• Diarrhea
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Weakness or fatigue
• Pain, swelling, or tenderness at the injection site

Following are the precautions and warnings for Iodine Injection:

• This medication should be used with caution in patients with thyroid disorders, as excessive iodine intake can affect thyroid function.
• Not recommended for individuals with known hypersensitivity or allergy to iodine or any of the injection's components.
• It may cause skin reactions such as rash or itching; immediate medical attention is required if severe.
• Iodine Injection should be used cautiously in patients with kidney disease, as it can affect renal function.
• Avoid using if you have a history of tuberculosis, bronchitis, or emphysema, as it may worsen these conditions.
• Not suitable for infants, children, or pregnant women unless specifically prescribed by a doctor.
• If you experience symptoms like a metallic taste, burning sensation, or skin discoloration, stop the injection and seek medical advice.

Following are the drug interactions for Iodine Injection:

• Iodine Injection may interact with anti-thyroid medications, such as methimazole or propylthiouracil, as it can affect thyroid function. Close monitoring of thyroid hormones is necessary.
• Concomitant use with lithium may lead to hypothyroidism or thyroid dysfunction, requiring careful monitoring of thyroid function tests.
• It can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, potentially reducing their contraceptive efficacy.
• Iodine Injection may interfere with the absorption of certain medications like levothyroxine, requiring an interval of several hours between their administration.
• Drugs that cause hypothyroidism, such as amiodarone or interferon-alpha, may have additive effects when used with Iodine Injection.
• Some medications like corticosteroids or beta-blockers may mask the signs of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism that could result from Iodine Injection.
• Caution is advised when combining Iodine Injection with contrast media containing iodine, as it may increase the risk of adverse reactions.

Following are the food interactions for Iodine Injection:

• Avoid excessive consumption of foods rich in iodine like seaweed, kelp, iodized salt, seafood, dairy products, and eggs. These foods can impact the effectiveness of Iodine Injection.
• Restrict the use of iodine-containing supplements or multivitamins unless advised by your doctor.
• Limit the intake of goitrogenic foods such as broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, and soy products as they can interfere with iodine absorption.
• Avoid excessive use of high-fiber diets, as they may decrease the absorption of iodine.
• Grapefruit juice should be consumed in moderation as it can affect the body's iodine balance.
• Avoid alcohol as it may interfere with the body's ability to utilize iodine effectively.
• Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized dietary advice during Iodine Injection treatment.

Iodine Injection should be stored in a controlled environment, specifically at room temperature between 15-30°C (59-86°F), ensuring it remains protected from light and moisture. It is crucial to keep the injection in its original packaging, tightly sealed, to maintain its integrity and prevent contamination. When disposing of the injection, do not flush it down the toilet or pour it into a drain; instead, follow local guidelines or consult healthcare professionals for safe disposal methods. Always check the expiration date, and never use the injection after the indicated date. Proper storage and disposal practices are essential to maintain the efficacy of the medication and prevent any potential harm. Keep the injection away from children and pets to avoid accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Iodine Injection:

• Ensure sterile conditions when administering the injection to prevent infection.
• Inject the solution slowly as directed by your healthcare professional.
• Rotate injection sites to minimize skin irritation and discomfort.
• Dispose of used needles and syringes safely in designated sharps containers.
• Store the injection at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture.
• Do not reuse or share needles to prevent the risk of infection.
• Contact your doctor immediately if you experience any adverse reactions.