Valance 500 (500mg) 10 Tablets

Sodium valproate 500mg tablets primarily exert their therapeutic effects through multiple mechanisms of action in the central nervous system. The primary mechanism is the enhancement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activity, a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. Sodium valproate inhibits GABA transaminase, an enzyme responsible for the breakdown of GABA, leading to increased GABA levels in the synaptic cleft. This heightened GABA concentration enhances its inhibitory effects on neuronal excitability, thus reducing excessive and abnormal neuronal firing. Additionally, sodium valproate blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, which slows down the depolarization of neurons and reduces the propagation of action potentials, contributing to its anticonvulsant properties. It also affects other neurotransmitter systems, including glutamate, by reducing its release and modulating NMDA receptor activity, further contributing to its ability to stabilize neuronal networks and prevent seizures.

Anticonvulsant

Tablet

The following are the uses of Sodium Valproate 500mg Tablet:

• Used for treating various types of seizures, including absence, tonic-clonic, and myoclonic seizures.
• Used for managing bipolar disorder, particularly manic or mixed episodes.
• Used for preventing migraine headaches by reducing their frequency and severity.
• Used for stabilizing mood swings and reducing impulsivity in certain mental health conditions.
• Used for treating infantile spasms, a rare type of seizure disorder in infants.
• Used for providing adjunctive therapy in epilepsy, combined with other anti-seizure medications.
• Used for alleviating symptoms of rapid cycling in bipolar disorder.
• Used for long-term management of certain seizure disorders to improve overall seizure control.

In the case of an overdose of Sodium Valproate 500mg Tablets, symptoms may include extreme drowsiness, loss of consciousness, tremors, and even seizures. Prompt medical attention is necessary, as delayed treatment can lead to life-threatening complications. The patient should be closely monitored for respiratory depression, hypotension, and other vital signs. Treatment may involve supportive care, gastric lavage, and administration of activated charcoal to prevent further absorption. It is crucial to seek emergency help and provide healthcare professionals with the necessary information.

In the case of a missed dose of Sodium Valproate 500mg Tablet, it is important to take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of side effects. If you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for advice on how to safely resume your medication without affecting the treatment plan. It is generally recommended to take the medication at evenly spaced intervals to maintain consistent levels in your body.

To take Sodium Valproate 500mg Tablet, swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water, preferably during or after a meal, exactly as prescribed by your healthcare professional, typically two to three times a day, or as directed by your doctor.

Following are the conditions/situations when Sodium Valproate 500mg Tablet should not be taken:

• Do not take if you have a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Sodium Valproate or any of the excipients in the tablet formulation.
• Contraindicated in patients with a known or suspected mitochondrial disease or dysfunction.
• Should not be used in individuals with severe liver impairment or active liver disease.
• Not recommended for patients with a history of pancreatitis, especially if it was associated with previous valproate use.
• Avoid in patients with known urea cycle disorders or a family history of such disorders.
• Do not use in patients with a history of bone marrow suppression or significant blood disorders.
• Contraindicated in women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
• Should not be given to children under 2 years of age due to the risk of liver failure.
• Discontinue use if signs of significant weight gain, edema, or hepatic dysfunction occur.

The side effects of Sodium Valproate 500mg Tablet may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Tremors or shaking
• Drowsiness or fatigue
• Weight gain
• Hair loss or thinning
• Stomach pain or digestive issues
• Vision changes or blurred vision
• Dizziness or loss of coordination

Following are the precautions and warnings for Sodium Valproate 500mg Tablet:

• Do not start or continue this medication if you have a known allergy to Sodium Valproate or any of its excipients.
• Regular monitoring of liver function is essential, especially during the first six months of treatment, as it may cause liver damage.
• This medication can lead to severe and life-threatening pancreatitis; seek medical attention if you experience abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting.
• Sodium Valproate can cause thrombocytopenia and other blood disorders; regular blood tests are required during treatment.
• It may cause drowsiness and dizziness; patients should avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
• Not recommended for use during pregnancy as it may cause birth defects. Effective contraception is essential while taking this medication.
• Breastfeeding is not advised while taking Sodium Valproate as it can pass into breast milk and harm the nursing infant.

Following are the drug interactions for Sodium Valproate 500mg Tablet:

• Alcohol consumption may increase the risk of liver damage and enhance the sedative effects of Sodium Valproate.
• Carbapenem antibiotics, such as meropenem, can reduce the effectiveness of Sodium Valproate, possibly leading to breakthrough seizures.
• Central nervous system (CNS) depressants like benzodiazepines and barbiturates may increase sedation and respiratory depression when used with Sodium Valproate.
• Sodium Valproate can decrease the levels of lamotrigine, potentially reducing its efficacy in treating seizures.
• Topiramate may increase the concentration of Sodium Valproate, which may require dosage adjustments.
• The effectiveness of oral contraceptives may be reduced by Sodium Valproate, requiring alternative birth control methods.
• Drugs that induce or inhibit liver enzymes (e.g., CYP2C9, CYP3A4) can impact Sodium Valproate levels, requiring close monitoring.

Following are the food interactions to be aware of while taking Sodium Valproate 500mg Tablets:

• Alcohol consumption should be avoided as it can increase the sedative effects of Sodium Valproate, leading to enhanced drowsiness and impaired coordination.
• Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be consumed with caution as they may increase the levels of Sodium Valproate in the blood, potentially affecting its metabolism and increasing the risk of side effects.
• Avoid high-fat meals as they can decrease the absorption of Sodium Valproate, possibly reducing its effectiveness.
• Avoid caffeine or limit its intake as it can interact with Sodium Valproate, potentially affecting the central nervous system and increasing the risk of side effects.
• Do not consume large amounts of dairy products as they may decrease the absorption of Sodium Valproate.
• Be cautious with foods rich in protein, as high-protein diets can affect the metabolism of Sodium Valproate.
• Always follow the advice of your healthcare provider regarding any dietary restrictions or recommendations during Sodium Valproate therapy.

Sodium Valproate 500mg Tablets should be stored in a secure and dry location, preferably in a medicine cabinet or a designated storage area, away from moisture and heat. Keep the tablets in their original container, tightly sealed, to maintain their integrity and prevent exposure to environmental factors. It is crucial not to store them in the bathroom due to humidity concerns. Always check the expiration date, and if the tablets have passed their expiry, do not use them and dispose of them carefully. Proper disposal is essential; do not flush the medication or pour it down the drain. Contact your pharmacist or healthcare provider for guidance on safe disposal methods to protect the environment. Ensure that the medication is kept out of children's reach to prevent accidental ingestion, as it can be harmful if consumed without medical supervision.

Following are the quick tips for Sodium Valproate 500mg Tablet:

• Take the tablet as directed by your doctor, typically 2-3 times daily with or after meals.
• Swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water, do not crush or chew.
• Maintain a consistent daily routine for better seizure control.
• Inform your doctor if you have liver or kidney problems before taking this medication.
• Avoid alcohol as it can increase the risk of side effects.
• Regular blood tests may be required to monitor liver function and sodium levels.
• Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.