Zuselax (100mg) 1 Injection

Suxamethonium chloride, a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent, acts by binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction. Upon binding, it causes rapid depolarization of the motor end plate, leading to muscle contraction. However, with sustained exposure, it desensitizes the receptors, resulting in a flaccid paralysis. This mechanism is achieved through the prolonged activation and eventual blockade of the acetylcholine receptors, which inhibits the normal transmission of nerve impulses to muscles.

Neuromuscular blocking agent.

Injection

The following are the uses of Suxamethonium chloride Injection:

• Used for rapid sequence induction in emergency surgeries and traumas.
• Used for facilitating endotracheal intubation.
• Used for providing deep muscle relaxation during surgery.
• Used for treating laryngospasm and bronchospasm.
• Used for aiding in diagnostic procedures requiring brief muscle relaxation.
• Used for facilitating mechanical ventilation in intensive care settings.

In the case of an overdose of Suxamethonium chloride Injection, immediate medical intervention is necessary. Symptoms may include prolonged muscle relaxation, muscle weakness, and respiratory distress. Treatment should focus on maintaining adequate ventilation and oxygenation. Medical professionals may administer anticholinesterase agents and provide supportive care until the effects of the overdose subside. Prompt recognition and management are crucial to ensure the patient's well-being.

In the case of a missed dose of Suxamethonium Chloride Injection, it is crucial to consult your healthcare professional immediately for guidance. As this medication requires careful administration and monitoring, it is not advisable to self-administer a missed dose. Your healthcare provider will determine the appropriate course of action, which may involve rescheduling the dose or adjusting the dosage for subsequent administrations. Do not attempt to double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this can lead to adverse effects.

To administer Suxamethonium chloride injection, prepare the injection by drawing the prescribed dose into a syringe, and then inject it intramuscularly or intravenously, following the prescribed dosage and administration guidelines provided by your healthcare professional.

Following are the conditions when Suxamethonium Chloride Injection should not be used:

• Must not be administered to patients with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Suxamethonium Chloride or other neuromuscular blocking agents.
• Contraindicated in patients with a personal or family history of malignant hyperthermia, as it can trigger this life-threatening condition.
• Should not be used in patients with severe liver or kidney disease, as it can lead to prolonged muscle relaxation and potential complications.
• Not recommended for patients with myasthenia gravis due to the potential for exacerbating muscle weakness.
• Avoid using in patients with recent or ongoing muscle disorders, such as myopathy or muscular dystrophy.
• Contraindicated in patients with severe burns or extensive tissue damage, as it can affect the drug's metabolism and response.
• Should not be administered to patients with unstable cardiovascular conditions, as it may cause changes in heart rate and blood pressure.
• Not suitable for patients with known or suspected tumors of the adrenal medulla (phaeochromocytoma).
• Avoid using in patients with acute glaucoma, as it can increase intraocular pressure.

The side effects of Suxamethonium Chloride Injection may include:

• Muscle stiffness or weakness
• Increased saliva production
• Bronchial secretions
• Slow heart rate (bradycardia)
• Allergic reactions, including skin rashes and itching
• Increased intraocular pressure
• Malignant hyperthermia (a severe reaction with rapid muscle contractions and high fever)
• Muscle pain and elevated creatine kinase levels

Following are the precautions and warnings for Suxamethonium Chloride Injection:

• This medication should only be administered by trained medical professionals in a clinical setting due to the risk of severe side effects.
• Not recommended for patients with known hypersensitivity or allergy to suxamethonium chloride or other neuromuscular blocking agents.
• Patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia, neuromuscular disorders, or liver disease should use it with caution as it may exacerbate these conditions.
• Caution is advised in elderly patients and those with renal impairment, as dosage adjustments might be necessary.
• Suxamethonium chloride can cause prolonged muscle relaxation, so monitoring for respiratory depression and providing adequate ventilation support is crucial.
• It may interact with other medications, including anesthetics and muscle relaxants, so healthcare professionals should be aware of all medications the patient is taking.
• Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult their doctor as the risks and benefits should be carefully considered before use.

Following are the drug interactions for Suxamethonium Chloride Injection:

• Antibiotics like aminoglycosides and polymyxins can enhance neuromuscular blockade and prolong the effects of Suxamethonium.
• Concomitant use with other neuromuscular blocking agents can have additive effects, potentially leading to prolonged paralysis.
• Drugs affecting neuromuscular transmission, such as magnesium, may potentiate the effects of Suxamethonium.
• Certain anesthetic agents, including enflurane and isoflurane, can increase the sensitivity to Suxamethonium and prolong its action.
• Suxamethonium may interact with anticholinesterase medications, resulting in prolonged neuromuscular blockade.
• Caution is advised when using Suxamethonium in patients on chronic corticosteroid therapy, as it may increase the risk of prolonged muscle weakness.
• The effects of Suxamethonium may be reduced in patients taking anticonvulsant medications, potentially requiring dosage adjustments.

Following are the food interactions to be aware of with Suxamethonium Chloride Injection:

• Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice as it may interfere with the metabolism of the medication, potentially affecting its effectiveness.
• Refrain from alcohol consumption as it can enhance the muscle relaxant effects of Suxamethonium Chloride, leading to increased sedation and respiratory depression.
• Caffeine-rich beverages like coffee and energy drinks should be limited as they may counteract the sedative effects of the medication, causing restlessness and anxiety.
• High-fat meals might delay the absorption of the drug, so it is advisable to avoid heavy meals before administration.
• Avoid natural supplements like St. John's Wort as they can alter the drug's metabolism and potentially reduce its efficacy.
• Always stay hydrated, but avoid excessive fluid intake close to the time of injection to prevent fluid imbalances.
• Consult your healthcare provider for specific dietary recommendations and any necessary adjustments during the treatment period.

Suxamethonium chloride injection should be stored in a controlled environment, preferably in a cool and dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. It is crucial to maintain a temperature range between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C) for optimal storage conditions. Keep the injection in its original packaging, tightly sealed, to ensure its integrity and prevent contamination. Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures, such as freezing or excessive heat, as it may impact the medication's effectiveness. Always adhere to local regulations and guidelines for the proper disposal of any unused or expired suxamethonium chloride injection, ensuring it is done safely and responsibly, without causing harm to the environment. Keep the medication out of children's reach to prevent accidental exposure.

Following are the quick tips for Suxamethonium Chloride Injection:

• Administer the injection under medical supervision and as directed by a qualified healthcare professional.
• Ensure proper patient monitoring during and after injection administration.
• Verify the patient's identity and confirm the correct medication and dosage before injection.
• Use sterile techniques to prepare and administer the injection to prevent infection.
• Inject the medication slowly as directed to minimize discomfort.
• Dispose of used needles and syringes safely to prevent needle-stick injuries.
• Store the injection as per the manufacturer's instructions, away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.