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Abdominal Pain

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  3. Abdominal Pain

Overview of Abdominal Pain

Abdominal Pain Meaning in Urdu

پیٹ درد کا شمار ان طبی علامات میں ہوتا ہے جس کا سامنا کسی بھی وقت کرنا پڑ سکتا ہے۔ اس درد کی شدت ایک جیسی نہیں ہوتی۔ کئی مرتبہ پیٹ کا درد ابتداء میں ہلکا ہوتا ہے مگر بعد میں شدت اختیار کر جاتا ہے، جب کہ کچھ مرتبہ یہ ابتداء میں ہی شدت اختیار کر جاتا ہے لیکن کچھ دیر بعد اس کی شدت میں کمی آ جاتی ہے۔ پیٹ درد بعض اوقات معدے کے ایک حصے میں لاحق ہوتا ہے، جب کہ یہ سارے معدے کو بھی متاثر کر سکتا ہے۔ پیٹ درد کی بنیادی وجوہات میں آنتوں کے مسائل، فوڈ الرجیز، اور معدے کے مختلف مسائل شامل ہیں۔

Abdominal pain( پیٹ کا درد Peeth Ka Dard) is the pain that you experience between the chest and pelvic regions. Abdominal pains can be either acute or chronic. Abdominal pain is also called stomach aches. The pain can be crampy, achy, dull, intermittent, or sharp. 

Abdominal pain can be caused by Inflammation or other diseases that affect the abdominal region. The abdomen consists of the following organs:

  • Intestines (small and large)
  • Appendix (a part of the large intestine)
  • Spleen
  • Gallbladder
  • Kidneys
  • Pancreas
  • Liver
  • Stomach

Occurrence of Abdominal Pain

The total prevalence of abdominal pain is 2.8%. In about one-third of patients, the exact reason for abdominal pain cannot be identified. Mostly, abdominal pains are associated with gastroenteritis 7.2–18.7% and irritable bowel disease 2.6–13.2%. While urological causes and gastritis are 5.3% and 5.2%, respectively.

Signs and Symptoms of Abdominal Pain

Types of Abdominal Pain

Abdominal pain can be localized, cramp-like, or colicky.

  • Localized Pain: Localized pain is limited to a specific area of the abdomen. This type of pain is usually caused if any organ is not properly functioning or is damaged. Stomach ulcers are the most common cause of localized pain.
  • Cramp-like Pain: This type of pain is temporary and subsides without treatment. It is mostly associated with diarrhea, constipation, bloating, or flatulence. However, in women, it can be occurred due to menstruation, miscarriage, or complications related to female reproductive organs. 
  • Colicky Pain: This type of pain occurs suddenly and resembles a muscle spasm. It is a symptom of more serious conditions, such as gallstones or kidney stones. 

Causes of Abdominal Pain

There can be many reasons for abdominal pain. However, the main reasons are 

  • Infection
  • Abnormal growths 
  • Inflammation
  • Obstruction (blockage)
  • Intestinal disorders

Bacterial infection in the throat, intestines, and blood can spread to your digestive tract, resulting in abdominal pain. These infections can also cause changes in indigestion, such as diarrhea or constipation.

Some other common causes of abdominal pain are:

  • Constipation
  • Diarrhea
  • Gastroenteritis (stomach flu)
  • Acid reflux (when stomach contents leak backward into the oesophagus, causing heartburn and other symptoms)
  • Vomiting
  • Stress

Chronic abdominal pain can be caused by diseases that affect your digestive system such as: 

  • Crohn’s disease (an inflammatory bowel disease)
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
  • Irritable bowel syndrome or spastic colon (a disorder that causes abdominal pain, cramping, and changes in bowel movements)
  • Lactose intolerance (the inability to digest lactose, the sugar found in milk and milk products)

Some common reasons for abdominal pain include:

  • Kidney infection
  • Organ rupture 
  • Gallbladder stones (known as gallstones)
  • Kidney stones
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Risk Factors of Abdominal Pain

Some of the most common risk factors of abdominal pain are:

  • Age
  • Any previous abdominal surgery
  • Medical history of bowel disorders
  • Prolonged and untreated exposure to a stomach virus

Complications of Abdominal Pain

The complications of abdominal pain are more apparent and point towards a serious condition if these pains are accompanied with:

  • Blood in stools 
  • Dizziness
  • Abdominal distension
  • Jaundice
  • Difficult breathing
  • Fainting 
  • Loss of body control 

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Prevention

All types of abdominal can not be prevented. However, you can reduce the risk of developing abdominal pain by doing the following:

  • Exercise regularly
  • Eat a healthy diet
  • Eat smaller meals
  • Drink water frequently
  • Follow the doctor’s recommended diet if you have GERD disease
  • Avoid laying down soon after eating because it can cause abdominal pain and heartburn. Wait at least 2 hours before going to bed
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Diagnosis

To diagnose the cause of abdominal pain various tests can be performed. 

  1. Physical Examination: In the physical examination, the doctor gently presses the abdomen for stiffness and swelling. Further testing is performed on the basis of the severity of the pain and the results of the physical examination.
  2. Imaging Tests: Imaging tests such as MRI scans, ultrasounds, and X-rays are performed to obtain a detailed image of organs, tissues, and other structures in the abdomen. 

These tests can help in the diagnosis of tumors, fractures, ruptures, and inflammation.

Some other tests include:

  • Collection of blood, urine, and stool samples to check for bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections.
  • Colonoscopy (to look inside the colon and intestines)
  • Endoscopy (to detect inflammation and abnormalities in the esophagus and stomach)
  • Upper GI (a special X-ray test in which a contrast dye is used to check for the presence of tumors, ulcers, inflammation, blockages, and other abnormalities in the stomach)

Treatment of Abdominal Pain | When to Consult a Doctor

Any abdominal symptom needs to be checked by a doctor. Seek immediate medical care if you experience the following symptoms: 

  • A dull pain that persists for more than a week.  
  • Significant pain does not subside within 24 to 48 hours.



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